尼龙1010经逐步降温退火形成的晶体的热稳定性

本文用DSC研究了尼龙1010在低于其熔点下进行逐步降温热处理后的熔化行为及其由热处理所形成的晶体的热稳定性。实验结果表明,尼龙1010经逐步降温热处理后可产生与之相应步数的熔化峰,直观地反映了试样的热历史记忆,从而说明逐步降温热处理能够产生各自独立熔化的晶体。这些晶体在低于其热处理温度下是稳定的。     

热历史对尼龙1212熔融行为的影响

利用DSC方法研究了不同热历史条件对尼龙1212熔融行为的影响.不同的热历史条件下,在DSC曲线上,观察到尼龙1212产生2个或3个熔融峰,依据聚合物结晶理论,对各峰的来源进行了分析.在160℃下不同温度退火120 min的尼龙1212样品DSC曲线上,低温结晶熔融峰主要由低温结晶形成的一些微晶体或者片晶熔融产生,其晶体完善程度较差,熔融峰值较低,峰面积较小;主熔融峰是由样品在淬火过程中形成的晶体和升温过程中低温结晶形成的晶体的熔融重结晶形成较为完善的晶体熔融所产生,熔融峰值较高,峰面积较大.在不同的升温速率条件下,熔融峰温度有所移动,表明不同升温速率条件下产生的熔融峰的结晶晶型是相同的.在不同结晶时间下结晶,延长结晶时间对较高完善程度晶体的生长有利.在不同温度下依次退火处理的样品,熔融产生两个附加峰,这两个附加峰的峰温都比它们相应的退火温度高,而峰高和峰面积随退火温度降低而减小.根据等温结晶结果,由Hoffman方法确定了尼龙1212的平衡熔融温度为202.8℃.     

尼龙1010的多重熔化

本文用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了尼龙1010的多重熔化行为。研究了部分扫描,部分扫描再退火,加热速率,冷却速率,依次降温退火对熔化曲线的影响。实验结果表明,在DSC扫描过程中试样经历了连续熔化与再结晶的过程。尼龙1010含有强烈地依赖于其热历史的晶体完全程度的分布,从结构再组合观点解释了熔化曲线上双重和多重熔化峰的原因。     

尼龙1010在加热扫描中结构重组的研究

用DSC观察了经不同热处理的尼龙1010的热历史和结构重组的再现过程。合理地解释了DSC曲线上吸热和放热峰的性质,提出预熔结晶峰表征再结晶集合的观点。确定了对结晶完善敏感的热处理温度范围。为尼龙1010的加工和应用提供了部分理论依据。     

尼龙1010盐固态缩聚反应的研究

采用测定转化率和分子量、红外光谱、X-射线衍射分析、元素分析、偏光显微镜和扫描电镜等方法研究了结晶尼龙1010盐的特性、尼龙1010盐固态缩聚反应的动力学及其相应的晶体结构形态,用DSC法探讨了其反应机理。     

尼龙610的多重熔融行为及其平衡热力学参数

用DSC,WAXD等方法研究了尼龙610的多重熔融行为。在DSC热谱图上,观察到三个熔融峰并按照部分熔融及分级熔融的观点对各峰的来源作了讨论。根据程序升温及等温结晶和比容测定的结果,求得尼龙610的T°_m及ΔH_m的值分别为517.6K及211.7j/g。     

可分散性纳米SiO2/尼龙1010复合材料的结晶行为

采用熔融共混法制备了可分散性纳米SiO2/尼龙1010复合材料.通过X射线衍射和差示扫描量热法对尼龙1010及其复合材料的结晶行为进行了研究.结果表明,SiO2的加入作为结晶的异相成核点,使复合材料的结晶温度升高,熔融温度降低,使其结晶度稍有降低;SiO2的加入并没有改变尼龙1010的结晶形态,只是使尼龙1010的晶格尺寸发生了一定程度的改变.     

尼龙1212/尼龙6共混体系的非等温结晶行为

用DSC研究了尼龙 12 12 ,尼龙 6及其共混体系的非等温结晶行为 .结果表明 ,加工历史对尼龙的结晶和熔融行为影响很大 .经双螺杆挤出机挤出的尼龙 12 12和尼龙 6 ,由于应力诱导分子链取向 ,其结晶温度都有不同程度的提高 ,且表现出多重熔融现象 .在共混体系中 ,尼龙 12 12分子在共混物的界面上异相成核结晶 ,提高了其结晶温度 ,但酸酐化SEBS的加入抑制了分子链的运动又使其结晶温度降低 .共混体系降低了尼龙12 12的熔融温度 ,并使得其高熔点的熔融峰逐渐消失 ;而尼龙 6的熔融行为基本上没有变化 .     

固态缩聚尼龙1010的熔化行为

本工作借助示差扫描量热法和X-射线衍射分析法(WAXD)首次研究了固态缩聚反应所得初生态尼龙1010的结晶特征和熔化行为。实验结果表明:固态缩聚反应的温度和时间以及产物分子量对初生态尼龙1010的熔化行为有着明显的影响。初生态尼龙1010结晶熔融双峰的显隐与其X-射线衍射峰特征没有明显的依赖关系,但随着尼龙大分子结晶的完善化而出现表观体积收缩观象。     

热处理对尼龙1010固态结晶和玻璃态热松驰的影响

本文用DSC首先论证淬火尼龙1010试样在DSC曲线上出现的放热峰是冷结晶峰,然后研究淬火尼龙1010在不同热处理条件下,冷结晶峰和玻璃态热松驰峰的变化规律。实验结果表明,等温结晶时间较短,试样的固态结晶速率较快;等温结晶时间较长,固态结晶速率较慢,这可能与在Tg区域等温所形成的新氢键有关。当升高等温温度时,固态结晶速率加快。在低于Tg的不同温度退火,玻璃态热松弛峰的峰高及热焓在281K达最大值,进而确定对玻璃态热松驰影响最敏感的温度区间是277～284K。     

Thermal properties and morphology of crystal in nylon 1010 formed isothermally at melting peak temperature

Thermal properties and morphology of crystal in NYLON 1010 formed isothermally at melting peak temperature were studied by using DSC, TEM and ED. It turns out that the crystal on the time scale of the DSC experiment is stable, which is not transformed from the crystal with low melting point. Its electron diffraction pattern shows symmetrical and clear electron diffraction spots of single crystal and is proved to be the electron diffraction pattern of single crystal by means of index with parameters of unit cell of Nylon 1010     

Studies of structural reorganization in Nylon 1010 during heating scanning

The process of structural reorganization and thermal history recurrence in Nylon 1010 were studied by using DSC through different heat treatments. The characteristics of both endothermic and exothermic peaks on DSC curve is explained reasonably. The viewpoint is advanced that crystallites assembly is characterized by premelting crystallisation peak. The temperature range sensitive to the crystal perfection is determined. The results provide theoretical basis for the processing and application of Nylon 1010.

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Zusammenfassung Mittels DSC bei verschiedenen Wärmebehandlungen wurde der Vorgang der strukturellen Rückordnung und das thermische Vorleben von Nylon 1010 untersucht. Sowohl exotherme als auch endotherme Peaks an der DSC-Kurve konnten plausibel erklärt werden. Das Kristallitgefüge wird durch einen Premelting Kristallisationspeak bestimmt. Der für die Kristallvollkommenheit ausschlaggebende Temperaturbereich wurde bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse liefern eine theoretische Grundlage für den Umgang und die Anwendungen von Nylon 1010.

     

尼龙1010的拉伸结晶行为及Brill转变

摘要 :本文通过示差扫描热分析,广角X射线衍射分析及二维广角X射线散射等手段研究和讨论了尼龙1010在不同的拉伸比率(λ)及拉伸温度（Td）下拉伸诱导的晶体转变及结晶取向行为。实验表明,在拉伸条件下,尼龙1010易于从α晶型向δˊ晶型转变,而拉伸比率的提高,有利于促进这种Brill转变。而在相同的拉伸比率下,随着拉伸温度的提高,发现了尼龙1010从δˊ晶型向α晶型的独特转变,而这种过程刚好与无拉伸状态下的尼龙1010晶型和温度的相互关系截然相反。二维广角X射线散射实验研究结果表明尼龙1010的晶体取向度主要和拉伸比有关,并且（002）的晶面间距随着拉伸比率的提高而增大,表明了长轴尺寸的增大对拉伸取向的依赖关系。     

MULTIPLE MELTING IN NYLON 1010

Multiple melting behavior of nylon 1010 has been investigated by using DSC instrument. Effects of partial scanning, partial scanning and annealing, heating rate, cooling rate and stepwise annealing on the melting curve were studied. Experimental results indicate that the sample undergoes a process of continuous melting and recrystallization during DSC scanning. Nylon 1010 contains a distribution of crystallites of different degrees of perfection which is strongly dependent on its previous thermal history. From the structural reorganization point of view, the origin of double and multiple peaks of the melting curve is explained.     

Raman,X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry studies of the melt-induced changes in uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends of high-density polyethylene and nylon 12

The crystallinity of non-molten and pre-molten uncompatibilized and compatibilized polymer blends of high density polyethylene (HDPE)/Nylon 12 have been investigated by using FT-Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The FT-Raman, DSC, and WAXD measurements have revealed that the crystallinity of HDPE of both uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends increases upon melting except for the compatibilized blend with the Nylon 12 content of 80 wt%. The degree of the increase is significantly larger for the uncompatibilized blends than the compatibilized blends. The FT-Raman data suggests that the crystallinity of the compatibilized blend with the Nylon 12 content of 80 wt% decreases slightly after melting. It is very likely that the compatibilized polymer blends are well oriented during the melting and molding process by an extruder because of the existence of maleic anhydride (MAH)-grafted copolymer as a compatibilizer. In contrast, it seems that the uncompatibilized polymer blends are not so much oriented and have more amorphous phase in the Nylon 12 rich region before melting. Thus, the melting process induces a recrystallization process.     

熔体插层制备尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能表征

通过熔体插层成功地制备了尼龙６／蒙脱土纳米复合材料，测试了力学性能、耐热性能和耐溶剂性．通过ＴＥＭ、ＷＡＸＤ、ＤＳＣ等手段，研究了结构与结晶行为，并与插层聚合的尼龙６／蒙脱土纳米复合材料进行了对比．实验表明通过熔体插层可使尼龙６基体插层于蒙脱土中，所得到的复合物的性能较尼龙６有很大提高，且与插层聚合的尼龙６／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能相当．     

Mechanisms of reorganization of lamellae in syndiotactic polystyrene

The multiple melting behavior of syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) and its possible mechanisms via preexisting lamella types and/or scanning-induced lamellar reorganization were investigated by using X-ray diffraction, DSC, and scanning electron microscopy. Melt-crystallized sPS samples, upon DSC scanning, exhibited three melting peaks (I, II, III). A morphological analysis showed that flat-on lamellae develop first, which yield P-I and P-II melting, and during scanning recrystallize to thickened edge-on lamellae with a P-III melting peak. Upon scanning, melting of P-I (crystal of the lowest melting peak) is followed by repacking into thickened P-III crystal, the lamella of which also reoriented to a perpendicular orientation. The P-II crystal, however, melts at temperatures too close to the melting temperature of P-III; thus, during scanning up, the P-II crystal simply melts without sufficient time to repack into the thickened P-III crystal. In addition to the P-III crystal species that can be added by melting P-I and repacking to P-III, it is believed that preexistence of different lamella crystals was jointly responsible for the multiple melting. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 3210–3221, 2000