On the existence of three solutions for the Dirichlet problem on the Sierpinski gasket

We apply a recently obtained three-critical-point theorem of B. Ricceri to prove the existence of at least three solutions of certain two-parameter Dirichlet problems defined on the Sierpinski gasket. We also show the existence of at least three nonzero solutions of certain perturbed two-parameter Dirichlet problems on the Sierpinski gasket, using both the mountain pass theorem of Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz and that of Pucci and Serrin.     

Eigenvalue inequalities for the p-Laplacian on a Riemannian manifold and estimates for the heat kernel

In this paper, we successfully generalize the eigenvalue comparison theorem for the Dirichlet p  -Laplacian (1<p<∞$1<p<\infty$) obtained by Matei (2000) [19] and Takeuchi (1998) [22], respectively. Moreover, we use this generalized eigenvalue comparison theorem to get estimates for the first eigenvalue of the Dirichlet p-Laplacian of geodesic balls on complete Riemannian manifolds with radial Ricci curvature bounded from below w.r.t. some point. In the rest of this paper, we derive an upper and lower bound for the heat kernel of geodesic balls of complete manifolds with specified curvature constraints, which can supply new ways to prove the most part of two generalized eigenvalue comparison results given by Freitas, Mao and Salavessa (2013) [9].     

Large time behavior of the heat kernel

In this paper we study the large time behavior of the (minimal) heat kernel k_P^M(x,y,t) of a general time-independent parabolic operator Lu=u_t+P(x,∂_x)u which is defined on a noncompact manifold M. More precisely, we prove that

     

Orthogonal exponentials on the generalized plane Sierpinski gasket

The self-affine measure μ_Mp,D corresponding tois supported on the the generalized plane Sierpinski gasket T(M_p,D). In the present paper we show that there exist at most 3 mutually orthogonal exponential functions in L²(μ_Mp,D), and the number 3 is the best. This generalizes several known results on the non-spectral self-affine measure problem.     

Asymptotically one-dimensional diffusions on the Sierpinski gasket and theabc-gaskets

Summary Diffusion processes on the Sierpinski gasket and theabc-gaskets are constructed as limits of random walks. In terms of the associated renormalization group, the present method uses the inverse trajectories which converge to unstable fixed points corresponding to the random walks on one-dimensional chains. In particular, non-degenerate fixed points are unnecessary for the construction. A limit theorem related to the discrete-time multi-type non-stationary branching processes is applied.     

Backward problems for stochastic differential equations on the Sierpinski gasket

In this paper, we study the non-linear backward problems (with deterministic or stochastic durations) of stochastic differential equations on the Sierpinski gasket. We prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions of backward stochastic differential equations driven by Brownian martingale (defined in Section 2) on the Sierpinski gasket constructed by S. Goldstein and S. Kusuoka. The exponential integrability of quadratic processes for martingale additive functionals is obtained, and as an application, a Feynman–Kac representation formula for weak solutions of semi-linear parabolic PDEs on the gasket is also established.     

The “hot spots” conjecture for the Sierpinski gasket

There are many works on the “hot spots” conjecture for domains in Euclidean space since the conjecture was posed by J. Rauch in 1974. In this paper, using spectral decimation, we prove that the conjecture holds on the Sierpinski gasket, i.e., every eigenfunction of the second-smallest eigenvalue of the Neumann Laplacian (introduced by J. Kigami) attains its maximum and minimum on the boundary.     

Gradient estimates and Harnack inequalities on non-compact Riemannian manifolds

A gradient-entropy inequality is established for elliptic diffusion semigroups on arbitrary complete Riemannian manifolds. As applications, a global Harnack inequality with power and a heat kernel estimate are derived.     

The Lebesgue measure of the algebraic difference of two random Cantor sets

In this paper we consider a family of random Cantor sets on the line. We give some sufficient conditions when the Lebesgue measure of the arithmetic difference is positive. Combining this with the main result of a recent joint paper of the second author with M. Dekking we construct random Cantor sets F₁, F₂ such that the arithmetic difference set F₂ − F₁ does not contain any intervals but ?eb(F₂ − F₁)> 0 almost surely, conditioned on non-extinction.     

Loop-erased random walk on the Sierpinski gasket

In this paper the loop-erased random walk on the finite pre-Sierpiński gasket is studied. It is proved that the scaling limit exists and is a continuous process. It is also shown that the path of the limiting process is almost surely self-avoiding, while having Hausdorff dimension strictly greater than 1. The loop-erasing procedure proposed in this paper is formulated by erasing loops, in a sense, in descending order of size. It enables us to obtain exact recursion relations, making direct use of ‘self-similarity’ of a fractal structure, instead of the relation to the uniform spanning tree. This procedure is proved to be equivalent to the standard procedure of chronological loop-erasure.     

Another approach to the heat flow for Plateau problem

For the minimal surfaces in Rⁿ with Plateau boundary condition and establish the global existence and uniqueness of the flow as well as the continuous dependence of the initial datum.     

Bismut Type Formulae for Diffusion Semigroups on Riemannian Manifolds

Applying the stochastic calculus of variations on frame bundles along tangent processes, we derive Bismut type formulae for the derivatives of diffusion semigroups on Riemannian manifold in both variables. We also obtain the Bismut formulae expressed in terms of the Ricci and torsion tensors for the connection with torsion.     

Existence and nonexistence of the global solution for the semilinear parabolic system on Riemannian manifold

In this paper, we study the global existence and nonexistence of solutions to the following semilinear parabolic system

     

There are eight‐element orthogonal exponentials on the spatial Sierpinski gasket

The self‐affine measure corresponding to an expanding matrix and the digit set in the space is supported on the spatial Sierpinski gasket, where are the standard basis of unit column vectors in and . In the case and , it is conjectured that the cardinality of orthogonal exponentials in the Hilbert space is at most “4”, where the number 4 is the best upper bound. That is, all the four‐element sets of orthogonal exponentials are maximal. This conjecture has been proved to be false by giving a class of the five‐element orthogonal exponentials in . In the present paper, we construct a class of the eight‐element orthogonal exponentials in the corresponding Hilbert space to disprove the conjecture. We also illustrate that the constructed sets of orthogonal exponentials are maximal.     

Self-similarity and spectral asymptotics for the continuum random tree

We use the random self-similarity of the continuum random tree to show that it is homeomorphic to a post-critically finite self-similar fractal equipped with a random self-similar metric. As an application, we determine the mean and almost-sure leading order behaviour of the high frequency asymptotics of the eigenvalue counting function associated with the natural Dirichlet form on the continuum random tree. We also obtain short time asymptotics for the trace of the heat semigroup and the annealed on-diagonal heat kernel associated with this Dirichlet form.     

On superlinear problems without the Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz condition

Existence and multiplicity results are obtained for superlinear p-Laplacian equations without the Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz condition. To overcome the difficulty that the Palais-Smale sequences of the Euler-Lagrange functional may be unbounded, we consider the Cerami sequences. Our results extend the recent results of Miyagaki and Souto [O. Miyagaki, M. Souto, Superlinear problems without Ambrosetti and Rabinowitz growth condition, J. Differential Equations 245 (2008) 3628-3638].     

On the second best constant in logarithmic Sobolev inequalities on complete Riemannian manifolds

We study the second best constant problem for logarithmic Sobolev inequalities on complete Riemannian manifolds and investigate its relationship with optimal heat kernel bounds and the existence of extremal functions.     

Lie solutions of Riemannian transport equations on compact manifolds

Given a couple of smooth positive measures of same total mass on a compact Riemannian manifold, the associated optimal transport equation admits a symplectic Monge-Ampère structure, hence Lie solutions (in a restricted sense, though, still expressing measure-transport). Properties of such solutions are recorded; a structure result is obtained for regular ones (each consisting of a closed 1-form composed with a diffeomorphism) and a quadratic cost-functional proposed for them.