用于大景深单分子定位显微的多功能全息相位片的设计及数值模拟

发展具有大轴向定位范围的单分子定位技术对于实现厚样品的超分辨成像具有重要的价值.基于波前编码技术,将变形多值纯相位光栅与双螺旋点扩散函数相位片相结合,提出一种可以通过空间光调制器实现的具有高衍射效率的新型全息相位片的设计方法.这种全息相位片可以将样品内多个层面的分子信息以双螺旋的形式成像在同一个探测面的不同位置,在无需扫描的情况下提高双螺旋点扩散函数工程的轴向定位范围和分辨率,解决活细胞内单分子定位和示踪技术中的大景深探测难题.数值模拟表明,设计的5×5全息相位片可以将样品内25个层面上的分子信息以双螺旋的形式成像在同一探测面上的不同位置,相邻两个层面的间隔为0.5μm,实现了轴向12μm的探测范围,证明了设计的可行性.     

Experimental study on polarization holographic storage in genetic mutant BR-D96N film

The information storage is developing toward high speed access and massive stor-age capacity. Optical holographic storage has not only high speed parallel data access and high addressing speed without mechanical motion but also high storage density with multiplexed volume holographic storage[1]. In recent years, optical holographic storage is studied intensely in the field of information storage. It has been shown that the polari-zation of light could also be recorded with polarization hologra…     

一种用于制作数字合成全息图的光学全息元件

介绍了两种新型的应用于数字合成全息图的光学全息元件——全息柱面镜的制作原理及方法,并研究了其性能情况,表明全息柱面镜可以将光散射在焦平面上并且不会破坏图像的平面特征,可以有效改进图像质量提高光能利用率。     

固体浸没透镜出射光场偏振特性研究

在固体浸没透镜近场光存储中, 光的偏振对近场光场分布具有很大的影响. 采用三维时域有限差分法, 对聚焦线偏振高斯光束通过固体浸没透镜后焦平面上各分量场分布及距离焦平面不同位置光斑图样进行了模拟. 结果表明在焦平面上及距离焦平面较近的近场区域, 出射光场在与入射光偏振垂直方向出现显著的场增强现象, 从而使光斑图样呈近似椭圆分布; 而在距焦平面较远的远场区域光斑图样趋向圆形对称分布.     

Polarization conversions of diffractive wave plates based on orthogonal circular-polarization holography

A polarization holographic grating, which integrates the functions of a grating and a wave plate and is called a diffractive wave plate, is recorded by two beams(left and right circularly polarized) of a 532 nm laser in an azo polymer with a liquid-crystal structure. The polarization conversion characteristics of the diffractive wave plates are investigated with a detecting light of 650 nm by metering the polarization state of first-order diffracted light.It is confirmed that the diffractive wave plates convert the incident linear polarization into circular polarization for a linearly polarized probe laser and reverse the sense of rotation of the circular polarization when the detecting light is circularly polarized light.     

偏光全息研究历程与展望

全息是目前一项极具前景的科学技术,即通过信号光和参考光的干涉,在小小的全息图上记录丰富的信息。相比于传统全息仅记录光波的相位、振幅信息,偏光全息可以将额外的偏振信息记录于偏振态敏感材料中。本文从偏光全息材料入手,详细介绍了偏光全息生产过程;同时介绍基于琼斯理论和张量理论的偏光全息原理和研究进展;最后描述了偏光全息在全息存储和纳米光学领域的发展前景。     

Effect of polarization on focal depth in high numerical apertures optical systems

The generalized cylindrical vector beam is just a linear combination of radial and azimuthal polarization. For radially polarized light in the focal plane, there are two electric field components, the radial component and z-component whose magnitude increase with the increase of numerical aperture. By contrast, for azimuthally polarized light in the focal plane, there is only one electrical field component in the azimuthal polarization, it is easy to understand the difference between the two polarization effects. In this paper, we demonstrate how this phenomenon can be harnessed to make a properly selected polarization component to achieve high focal depth in high numerical aperture systems. Numerical simulations show that the evolution of the focal shape is very considerable by changing polarization rotation angle of the generalized cylindrical vector beam. And some interesting focal spots and focal split may occur. And if the ratio of radial and azimuthal polarization is set properly by changing the polarization rotation angle, a largest focal depth is achieved. The tunable range of the focal depth is very considerable. The ratio of radial and azimuthal polarization is different in different NA optical system for obtaining the largest focal depth. We will denote a technique of polarization-assisted high focal depth in high numerical aperture systems.     

光致聚合物全混洗光互连全息元件的制备

采用只对红光敏感的光致聚合物全息干版通过 Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ ６３２ｎｍ激光波长两次掩膜曝光,在面积为３０ｍｍ × ６０ｍｍ的全息干版上制备出全息光学元件,并成功地用于全混洗光学互连的实验演示。全息光学元件的衍射效率为 ４０～ ５２％。     

Design of an all-optical logic sequence generator based on polarization holographic gratings

In this Letter, an all-optical logic sequence generator based on two different polarization holographic gratings has been proposed and demonstrated, which has one input port and four output ports. The polarization state of input light signal determines logic output signals. It can produce four kinds of logic sequence output signals:1000, 0100, 0010, and 0001, corresponding to the input light signal of four different polarization states: the p-linear, s-linear, left-handed circular, and right-handed circular. The two polarization gratings have been fabricated, and the working principle of the logic sequence generator has been proved by diffraction pattern analysis of polarization gratings.     

全息透镜的焦距测量

本文首先给出了全息透镜像散成像的焦距公式,介绍了用全息光栅法测量全息透镜焦距的原理,对两块自制的全息透镜在原光路再现情况下测量了其焦距,并用另一种参数测量方法对测量结果进行了验证,两者基本相符。通过分别测量全息透镜两个焦距,从而可得出其像散大小。最后指出了使用这种方法应注意的问题。     

偏振态对复周期光子晶体禁带的影响

对于一维复周期光子晶体,当制作用的波长满足一定条件时可以实现禁带的展宽,本文利用传输矩阵法数值计算了偏振态对折射率渐变的一维复周期全息光子晶体的禁带的影响。通过计算发现,制作波长不等的复周期结构光子晶体,随着再现光的照射角度增大,S偏振态下禁带出现分裂;P偏振态下禁带均可视作完整展宽,没有分裂现象。同一制作波长两次曝光制作的复周期结构,不论是P偏振还是S偏振,禁带均实现展宽而没有分裂。这一结果对实现一维全息光子晶体禁带展宽具有指导意义。     

基于光学全息的任意矢量光的生成方法

基于光学全息的角度复用特性, 根据空间光调制器对光场的相位和振幅调制原理, 通过加载产生任意矢量光所需要的相位分布, 设计了一种生成任意矢量光的方法. 该方法首先利用光学全息技术记录空间光调制器加载的相位, 从而制作一个全息光栅; 再现过程中, 两束具有相同入射角度的参考光照射全息光栅, 使得两束再现光相干叠加, 进而获得可调控的任意矢量光. 该方法能够避免复杂偏振态的出现, 并且具有生成光路简单、方便操作、生成矢量光的偏振纯度高等优势. 通过计算机模拟生成了任意矢量光, 获得了很好的效果.     

Photorefraction and anisotropic light scattering in LiNbO3-Fe crystals

By holographic recording in LiNbO₃-Fe and LiTaO₃-Fe crystals a new light scattering effect has been observed with an optical indicatrix along the optical axis. The kinetics of the light scattering depends on the intensity, wavelength as well as the polarization of the incident light The holographic volume grating is created by the interference of an incident light and light scattered by crystal inhomogeneities.     

基于焦斑空间频率全域优化的偏振匀滑设计

偏振匀滑是利用光束偏振特性降低焦斑对比度的一种技术,它最大可降低焦斑对比度为原来的1/√2. 焦斑的频谱分析显示,传统楔形晶体的偏振匀滑对焦斑对比度的改善只集中在某些特定的空间频率,本文因此提出了一种可全域降低焦斑空间频率的偏振匀滑方法,它采用单轴晶体对入射光的角度不同而产生的相移不同的方法,实现激光两种正交偏振态在靶点的分离. 理论分析和数值模拟表明,新方法可以实现焦斑空间频率中高频段的全频域降低,焦斑对比度也可同时达到1/√2的最大程度的改善. 分析了连续相位板作为新方法引入激光入射角分布不同的条件,确定了刻蚀连续相位板面形的晶体同时实现焦斑整形和偏振匀滑的边界条件. 关键词： 偏振匀滑 焦斑功率谱 响应函数 焦斑整形     

Fast electrically switchable holographic optical elements in LiNbO3

We present here the realization of fast electrically switchable holographic optical elements based on electric field multiplexing of volume holograms in lithium niobate crystals. We demonstrate the electrical control of holographic lenses and holographic mirrors for fast switching of the focal length and the direction of the reconstructed light beam, respectively. The switching time in the range of few hundred microseconds has been demonstrated using this technique.     

菌紫质高密度偏振全息光数据存储实验研究

实验研究了基因改性菌紫质BR_D96N薄膜在不同偏振光记录下的全息存储特性，比较了不同 偏振态记录光和读出光对衍射像光强及信噪比的影响. 实验结果表明，与其他偏振全息记录 相比，正交圆偏振光记录可实现衍射光偏振状态与散射噪声偏振状态的分离，得到高信噪比 的衍射像，同时还具有高的衍射效率. 以 He_Ne 激光器（633nm，3mW）为记录和读出光源 ，用空间光调制器作为数据输入元件，CCD作为数据读出器件，采用傅里叶变换全息记录的 方法，在 BR_D96N 薄膜样品60μm×42μm的面积上进行了正交圆偏振全息数据存储，达到 了2×10⁸bit/cm²的存储面密度，并实现了编码数据的无误读出与 还原. 关键词： 菌紫质 偏振全息 光致变色 光致各向异性 高密度光存储     

全息光栅在光学测量中的应用

本文介绍了全息光栅在各种光学系统焦距、截距、像散、单透镜折射率，以及会聚光束曲率半径和位移测量中的应用，并给出了部分实验结果。     

Interference of circularly polarized light: contrast and application in fabrication of three-dimensional periodic microstructures

The contrast of interference pattern formed by two circularly polarized waves and by a linearly polarized wave and a circularly polarized one is discussed. The results are compared with that by two linear beams. It shows that the use of circular light in holographic fabrication of three-dimensional periodic microstructures may remove the necessity of beam ratio and polarization optimization needed in the interference of three linear noncoplanar beams and improve the uniform contrast of resultant pattern simultaneously.     

Polarization reflection holographic gratings in azobenzene-containing gelatine films

We have written polarization reflection holograms in an azobenzene-containing material. Two waves with circular polarization were used to record the gratings; the light resulting from their overlap induces chirality in the samples. The holographic reflection of the polarization gratings has the properties of Bragg reflection in cholesteric liquid crystals.     

Doubling of the spatial frequency during recording of holographic gratings in dye-sensitized dichromated gelatin

Theoretical and experimental investigations are reported on spatial frequency doubling of holographic gratings, recorded with two linear orthogonal polarizations in dyesensitized dichromated gelatin. This frequency doubling is caused by photoinduced isotropic changes in the optical parameters of the material that depend on the polarization state of the irradiating light. The dependence of the diffraction efficiency on the composition, exposure and spatial frequency of the recorded gratings is investigated in detail.