新型介孔分子筛KIT-1加氢脱硫催化剂的研究

制备了新型的结构排列无序的介孔分子筛KIT-1和负载Ni, Mo的KIT-1加氢脱硫催化剂。实验结果表明MoO3较易分散在KIT-1的表面,而NiO则容易在其表面形成小晶粒。与以MCM-41和NaY分子筛为载体的Ni, Mo催化剂相比, KIT-1负载催化剂具有较高的加氢脱硫催化活性,因为KIT-1载体具有相互交错的三维孔道结构, 有利于反应物和产物的扩散, 而不容易受孔道堵塞的影响。     

MCM-41分子筛负载钼钴系催化剂的噻吩HDS研究

通过氧吸附量、噻吩吸附热及反应速率常数的测定，研究了MoO3/MCM-41、MoO3-CoO(NiO)/MCM-41系列催化剂，发现，对于MoO3/MCM-41催化剂，当MoO3的质量分数（以MCM－41为底数，即MCM－41＝1g时，MoO3含量为0．15g，下同）从15％增加到20％时，其噻吩的加氢硫（HDS）活性增大，至25％时活性下降，所对应的氧吸附量（mL/g催化剂）也是先增大后减少，并且两者有很好的线性对应关系，而且噻吩吸附热则基本保持不变，采用不同的MoO3-CoO(NiO)浸渍顺序制备的MoO3-CoO(NiO)/MCM-41催化剂中，先浸渍CoO(NiO）再浸渍MoO3的催化剂，其噻吩HDS活性明显优于对其它浸渍顺序制备的催化剂，同时催化剂的氧吸附量和噻吩吸附热也最大。     

MCM-41分子筛负载钼钴系催化剂的程序升温硫化研究

采用程序升温硫化（TPS）技术，研究了负载于MCM－41分子筛的钼钴系催化剂的性能，根据TPOS结果可知，（1）载体和MoO3相互作用的强度顺序如下：Al2O3＞Al2O3-MCM-41＞MCM－41＞TiO2－MCM－41，说明TiO2具有削弱MCM－41和MoO3作用的能力；而Al2O3则相反，它增加了MoO3和MCM－41的相互作用。（2）助剂CoO对负载于未经改性的MCM－41载体上的MoO3的硫化没有明显的促进作用，这和以Al2O3为载体的情况下不同，在Al2O3上，MoO3和CoO可能生成Co-Mo－O复合相，从而促进了MoO3的硫化。（3）助剂CoO对负载于经TiO2和Al2O3改性的MCM－41上的MoO3的硫化起了促进作用。     

负载型TiO2-Al2O3复合载体在超深度加氢脱硫中的应用

运用HRTEM、FT-Raman、TPR等方法表征了Mo活性组分在负载型TiO2-Al2O3复合载体和Al2O3上不同形态和性质。比较了TiO2-Al2O3复合载体同传统Al2O3载体对CoMo催化剂结构的影响,并以4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩（4,6-DMDBT）为探针考察了催化剂的超深度加氢脱硫（UHDS）性能。结果表明,在负载型TiO2-Al2O3复合载体中, MoO3同载体之间的相互作用较弱,这种弱的相互作用使MoO3更多的以八面体配位Mo物种（MoⅥ）及其二维的聚合物的形式存在。二维聚合物有利于形成具有更高活性的多层MoS2结构,明显提高催化剂的超深度加氢脱硫催化活性。     

States of Carbon Nanotube Supported Mo-Based HDS Catalysts

The dispersion of the active phase and loading capacity of the Mo species on carbon nanotube (CNT) was studied by the XRD technique. The reducibility properties of Co-Mo catalysts in the oxide state over CNTs were investigated by TPR, while the sulfided Co-Mo/CNT catalysts were characterized by means of the XRD and LRS techniques. The activity and selectivity with respect to the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) performances on carbon nanotube supported Co-Mo catalysts were evaluated. It was found that the main active molybdenum species in the oxide state MoO3/CNT catalysts were MoO2, but not MoO3, as generally expected. The maximum loading before the formation of the bulk phase was lower than 6% (percent by mass, based on MoO3). TPR studies revealed that the active species in the oxide state Co-Mo/CNT catalysts were reduced more easily at relatively lower temperatures in comparison to those of the Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3 catalysts, indicating that the CNT support promoted or favored the reduction of the active species. The active species of a Co-Mo-0.7/CNT catalyst were more easily reduced than those of the Co-Mo/CNT catalysts with Co/Mo atomic ratios of 0.2, 0.35, and 0.5, respectively, suggesting that the Co/Mo atomic ratio has a great effect on the reducibility of the active species. It was found that the incorporation of cobalt improved the dispersion of the molybdenum species on the support, and a phenomenon of mobilization and re-dispersion had occurred during the sulfurization process, resulting in low valence state Mo3S4 and Co-MoS2.17 active phases. HDS measurements showed that the Co-Mo/CNT catalysts were more active than the Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3 ones for the desulfurization of DBT, and the hydrogenolysis/hydrogenation selectivity of the Co-Mo/CNT catalysts was also much higher than those of the Co-Mo/γ-Al2O3. The Co-Mo/CNT catalyst with a Co/Mo atomic ratio of 0.7 showed the highest activity, whereas the catalyst with a Co/Mo atomic ratio of 0.35 had the highest selectivity.     

加氢脱硫催化剂各组分的相互作用与催化性能

石油化工生产中广泛使用的加氢脱硫催化剂往往是以v－A120。作为载体,Moo或WOs为主要活性组分,少量Nio或Coo为助剂的多组分负载型催化剂．由于它在生产中所起的重要作用,此类催化剂的研究一直受到科学工作者的关注．本文分别考察了几种不同组分的催化剂,研究了催化剂组分间的相互作用对活性组分的分散状态、还原性能以及加氢脱硫活性的影响,旨在为进一步改进催化剂的性能提供有益的信息．且实验部分Ni－MO体系催化剂样品是以银酸钦和硝酸镍及v－AI。0。为原料,采用浸渍方法制备．C。M。／AJ。0。和W－Ni／AJ。0。分别用硝酸钻…     

BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41的制备及其对2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应的催化性能

 制备了Mo－MCM－41中孔分子筛，并将BO3－3引入到分子筛中制得BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41催化剂．采用XRD，FT－IR，ESR，BET和NH3－TPD对分子筛催化剂的结构及酸强度进行了表征．结果表明，Mo－MCM－41和BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41具有中孔分子筛的特征，有良好的长程有序 性和结晶度；但Mo并未进入分子筛骨架内部而是在分子筛表面以MoO2的形式存在；BO3－3附着于Mo－MCM－41分子筛上形成强酸中心．将BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41用于催化2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应，考察了催化剂用量、Si／Mo比及BO3－3的引入方式对该反应性能的影响，发现BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41对2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应具有良好的催化性能．     

β-Mo2N0.78/γ-Al2O3催化剂的制备及其噻吩加氢脱硫活性的研究

以γ-Al2O3为载体，钼酸铵为氧化钼前驱体，采用在N2-H2气氛下的程序升温还原氮化反应，制备β-Mo2N0.78/γ-Al2O3催化剂，以噻吩为模型化合物，考察了该催化剂的加氢脱硫反应性能，以及反应温度、氢还原预处理和钴、镍助剂的引入等因素对催化剂活性的影响。结果表明，在320 ℃～400 ℃之间，随着反应温度的升高，催化剂的活性逐渐增加；预还原则降低了催化剂的活性；添加钴、镍均在一定负载量范围内可以改善β-Mo2N0.78/γ-Al2O3催化剂的加氢脱硫活性，但镍对催化剂活性的影响要小于钴。     

MoO3在介孔分子筛MCM—41上分散状况的研究

采用XPS和XRD方法,测定了MoO3在未经改性的MCM－41及用Al2O3和TiO2改性后的MCM－41上的单层分散阈值,发现,MoO3在用Al2O3和TiO2改性后的MCM－41上的单层分散阈值比未经改性的MCM－41上的要提高三分之二。另外,借助MoO3/MCM-41、MoO3/Al2O3-MCM-41、MoO3/TiO2-MCM-41系列样品的比表面积和孔分布测定,研究了MoO3在未经改性的MCM－41及用Al2O3和TiO2改性后的MCM－41上的分散状况。     

负载金属对MoO3-TiO2光催化剂结构与催化性能的影响

用溶胶-凝胶和浸渍-还原相结合的方法制得M/MoO3-TiO2 (M=Pd, Cu, Ni和Ag)光催化剂。利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、程序升温还原(TPR)、红外光谱(IR)、程序升温脱附(TPD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-VisDRS)和光反应等技术,研究了负载金属复合半导体的物相结构、吸附性能、吸光性能和光催化反应性能。结果表明,金属M(M=Pd, Cu)负载在复合半导体上,延迟了TiO2由锐钛矿向金红石相的转化,增强了Mo与载体TiO2的相互作用,促进Mo物种由四面体配位向八面体配位转化,使TiO2光吸收限发生蓝移,对可见光部分的吸收明显增加,拓宽了催化剂的光响应范围;固体材料吸光性能强弱顺序Pd/MoO3-TiO2 >Cu/MoO3-TiO2>Ag/MoO3-TiO2>Ni/MoO3-TiO2;Pd对CO2吸附能力过强,卧式吸附态脱附温度高,光催化效率不高;金属Cu对CO2吸附能力适中,CO2与C3H6脱附温度较接近,实现了光-表面-热的协同作用,光量子效率最高。     

甲烷无氧脱氢芳构化催化剂Mo/HZSM-5的研究

催化剂Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５在甲烷地氧脱氢芳构化反应中表现出很高的活性，用ＸＲＤ，ＢＥＴ经表面，ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ及ＴＰＲ等手段，对不抽提前后催化剂上的活性ｏ的种进行了研究，ＸＲＤ结果表明，Ｍｏ物种高度分散于筛表面，随着Ｍｏ担载量的提高，ＢＥＴ比表面积有所下降；但氨水抽提后，比表面积有很大程度的恢复，ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ结果表明，Ｍｏ物种优先占据分子筛中的强酸位。ＴＰＲ结果显示出有ＭｏＯ３晶相存在的催化剂较易被     

γ-Mo2N和分子筛负载的钼氮化物的结构表征

采用程序升温氮化的方法制备了分子筛负载的钼氮化物催化剂,并用EXAFS方法研究了 氮化前后Mo原子的局域配位情况.氮化前负载MoO3样品的径向结构函数中有三个峰,其中前两 个峰对应着最近的Mo-O配位壳层,但是第一个峰与第二个峰的比例比晶体MoO3中的比例大很 多,表明分子筛负载的MoO3具有更紧密的结构.氮化以后,Mo2N样品的径向结构函数中有三个 峰,对应于一个Mo-N和两个Mo-Mo配位壳层,与面心立方模型符合得很好.根据XRD和EXAFS谱 的计算表明,Mo2N中的N原子使Mo-Mo键拉长并削弱.分子筛负载的Mo2N样品具有与非负载Mo2 N样品近似相同的径向结构函数,只是对应于Mo-N壳层的峰较弱,表明负载的Mo2N具有更大的 结构无序性.     

Mo、W对Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂烯烃加氢性能的影响

采用浸渍法制备了一系列NiM/γ-Al2O3（M＝Mo、W）催化剂。通过馏分油（沸点70℃～350℃）烯烃的加氢饱和,考察了Mo、W对Ni基催化剂加氢性能的影响,并采用TPR、XRD、XPS对催化剂进行表征。TPR结果表明,添加助剂Mo（W）降低了低温还原峰温度,但还原度有所降低,而且NiMo催化剂还原度的降低幅度比NiW催化剂更大;XRD结果表明,Mo（W）的添加提高了活性组分Ni的分散度,并且Mo的助分散作用优于W;XPS结果表明,Mo（W）的引入提高了催化剂体系“表面NiAl2O4”的比例,Ni2p3/2谱峰的化学位移说明助剂的添加增强了Ni与载体γ-Al2O3之间的相互作用。     

MCM-41负载钨磷杂多酸催化剂的性能研究

制备并表征MCM-41负载H~3PW~1~2O~4~0(PW)催化剂.PW杂多酸在MCM-41上负载量高达70%(质量分数)时,XRD中仍未检测到其晶相峰.PW杂多酸与MCM-41载体的相互作用要比与SiO~2载体的强.PW杂多酸中的质子位是非常强的酸中心,它们对NH~3的微分吸附热在160-180kJ/mol的范围.与PW杂多酸相比,PW/MCM-41催化剂的酸中心强度变弱并且分布不均匀,其酸量和酸中心分布可以通过改变PW杂多酸的负载量来调节.PW/MCM-41是一类适合于中强酸和弱酸催化反应的新型固体酸催化剂。     

程序升温脱附法研究超细Mo/Al2O3催化剂

程序升温脱附法研究超细Ｍｏ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化剂张智敏，郝建刚，李耀龙（山西大学化学系，太原０３０００６）关键词超细粒子，氧化钼，氧化铝，负载型催化剂，程序升温脱附在催化领域中，对以ｙ－ＡＩ。Ｏ。为载体的Ｃｏ，Ｍｏ，Ｎｉ，Ｆｅ，Ｐｄ和Ａｇ等负载型催化剂...     

Surface selective deposition of Mo(IV) on Ni/TiO2 particles in aqueous solutions

The selective depositions of MoS2 and MoO2 over Ni surfaces are demonstrated on Ni/TiO2 particles in a mild electroless deposition process. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images show the uniform distribution of 10-30 nm spherical and hemispherical Ni particles on TiO2 surface, and three to six layers of MoS2 on the surface of Ni particles. The as-prepared MoS2-Ni/TiO2 is used as a catalyst for the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) reaction of dibenzothiophene (DBT), and shows a significant increase over commercial catalysts in turnover frequencies as the result of unique distribution of active components in the binary catalyst. The selective material deposition is explained in the context of Ni catalyzed KBH4 decomposition, which produces strong reducing species responsible for the site selective deposition of Mo. The synthetic method can be potentially used to prepare bimetallic materials with similar nanostructures such as those of Mo-Co, Mo-Pd, and Mo-Rh.     

Liquid Phase Hydrogenation of t,t,c‐1,5,9‐Cyclododecatriene over Ni/MCM‐41 and Ni/SiO2 Catalysts

Ni‐loaded pure siliceous and aluminosilicate MCM‐41 (Ni/MCM‐41) and nickel‐loaded silica (15Ni/SiO₂) were synthesized via wet impregnation and were characterized by various techniques. The H₂ consumption in the TPR analysis was found to be proportional to the Ni amount in the calcined samples. After reduction the average Ni particle sizes of 15Ni/MCM‐41 and 15Ni/SiO₂ were 9–12 and 16 nm, respectively, by means of XRD and TEM measurements. All catalysts owned weak and intermediate Lewis acid sites that increased slightly with increasing the Ni amount and the Al content. In the liquid phase hydrogenation of t,t,c‐1,5,9‐cyclododecatriene over Ni/MCM‐41, the catalytic activity was parallel to the Ni content and enhanced slightly with the acid amount of the catalysts. Consequently, it was proposed that the Ni metallic sites contributed the major effect to the catalytic activity while the Lewis acid sites promoted a small but significant influence on the catalytic performance. It is noteworthy that all 15Ni/MCM‐41 catalysts exhibited remarkably higher activity than that of the conventional 15Ni/SiO₂ catalyst.     

Direct Immobilization of Phosphine-Rhodium Complex on MCM-41 for Propene Hydroformylation

IntroductionHeterogenization of HRh( CO) ( PPh3 ) 3 ( PPh3 :triphenylphosphine) for hydroformylation andselective hydrogenation has received considerableattention in the past several decades from bothacademic and industrial interests[1] . Besides themilestone preparation of water- soluble TPPTS andthe corresponding rhodium- phosphine complexessuch as HRh( CO) ( TPPTS) 3 ( 1 ) [2 ,3 ] ,supportedliquid- phase catalysts ( SLPC) [4— 6] and supportedaqueous- phase catalysts ( SAPC) [7]…     

杂原子HMS介孔分子筛的催化脱氢和加氢脱硫性能

ＭＣＭ４１［１］和ＨＭＳ［２］等介孔分子筛对大分子的扩散阻力较小且具有良好的热稳定性,特别是在合成中可以直接将各种杂原子引入骨架,从而调变其催化性能,因此目前介孔分子筛在催化中的应用引起了各国研究者的广泛兴趣．Ｔｉ,Ｚｒ,Ｖ,Ｃｒ,Ｍｎ,Ｃｕ和Ｆｅ...     

XPS Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Supported CoMo Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts

In this paper, the effect of catalytic support and sulfiding method on the chemical state of supported Co-Mo catalysts is studied by XPS. After sulfidation with in-situ method, the majority of molybdenum in CNT supported CoMo catalyst is transferred to a species with a formal chemical state Mo(Ⅳ) in MoS2 phase, and the rest to Mo(Ⅴ) which consists of Mo coordinated both to O and S, such as MoO2S2^2- and MoO3S^2-. In case of CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst sulfided with in-situ method, a fraction of molybdenum is transferred to formal state Mo(Ⅳ) in the form of MoS2, but there is still a mount of unreduced Mo(VI) phase which is difficult to be sulfided. In CoMo/CNT catalyric system sulfided with ex-situ method, Mo(IV) in the form of MoS2 is detected along with a portion of unreduced Mo(VI) phase, suggesting that not all the Mo phases are reduced and sulfided by ex-situ method. As for CoMo/γ-Al2O3, a portion of molybdenum is sulfided to intermediate reduced state Mo(V) which consists of Mo coordinated both to O and S, such as MoO2S2^2- and MoO3S^2-, in addition, there is still a fraction of unreduced Mo(Ⅵ)phase. XPS analyses results suggest that CNT support facilitates the reduction and sulfidation of active species to a large extent, and that alumina support strongly interacts with active species, hereby producing a fraction of phase which resists complete sulfiding. Catalytic measurements of catalysts in the HDS of dibenzothiophene (DBT) show that CoMo/CNT catalysts are of higher HDS activity and selectivity than CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, which is in good relation with the sulfiding behavior of the corresponding catalyst.