东秦岭岩石圈热流变学结构初探

目的研究秦岭造山带的岩石圈流变学结构以探索其地球动力学意义。方法通过岩石圈温度结构约束，计算了岩石圈流变学结构。结果秦岭北半部的后陆冲断褶带和厚皮叠瓦逆冲带的莫霍界面温度为305℃，以冷地温、厚岩石圈和流变分层不明显的C模型为特征；南秦岭莫霍界面平均温度642℃，最高达826℃，具有显著的热地温、薄岩石圈和中下地壳及其上地幔顶部强烈流变的H模型特点。结论在后造山阶段，北秦岭是华北和扬子二地块相向向秦岭造山带陆内俯冲的前锋会聚区域，现今处于以岩石圈加厚为主、拆沉作用初始发动的共存状态；南秦岭可能在地幔柱作用下发生新的拆沉作用和部分底侵作用，其轴部区域的地壳内现今存在部分熔融，壳-幔之间正在进行物质、能量（热传导和热对流方式）等的再循环。     

基于变形分解与斜向汇聚理论的秦岭--大别造山带构造变形研究

板块汇聚碰撞过程中,常常造成应力矢量与板块边缘的非直交关系,导致平移分量和缩短分量的产生,它们并非不同时期、不同应力场的产物;这种斜向汇聚产生大陆造山带的不对称扇型结构及花状构造,也可能是大陆增生保存的重要形式之一;变形分解作用使得岩石在变形过程中产生纯剪变形分量和单剪变形分量,且不受尺度控制;该理论常被应用于解释造山带尺度的许多构造问题,在秦岭造山带中进行变形分解和板块斜向汇聚研究,有望在理论上有所突破.     

A perspective view on ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and continental collision in the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt

The study of continental deep-subduction has been one of the forefront and core subjects to advance the plate tectonics theory in the twenty-first century. The Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt in China crops out the largest lithotectonic unit containing ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks in the world. Much of our understanding of the world＇s most enigmatic processes in continental deep-subduction zones has been deduced from various records in the Dabie-Sulu rocks. By taking these rocks as the natural laboratory, earth scientists have made seminal contributions to understanding of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism and continental collision. This paper outlines twelve aspects of outstanding progress, including spatial distribution of the UHP metamorphic rocks, timing of the UHP metamorphism, timescale of the UHP metamorphism, the protolith nature of deeply subducted continental crust, subduction erosion and crustal detachment during continental collision, the possible depths of continental subduction, fluid activity in the continental deep-subduction zone, partial melting during continental collision, element mobility in continental deep-subduction zone, recycling of subducted continental crust, geodynamic mechanism of postcollisional magmatism, and lithospheric architecture of collision orogen. Some intriguing questions and directions are also proposed for future studies.     

北祁连山东段瞭高山构造拼贴体的发现及其意义

瞭高山构造拼贴体的发现对于确定祁连造山带东段中祁连地块北部边界有重大意义.该拼贴体由奥陶系火山岩、大理岩和中晚元古代皋兰岩群绢云石英片岩、变杂砂岩、千枚岩等不同时代地层块体拼贴而成,形成于新元古代末-早古生代.整体成层无序,韧性剪切变形强烈.其变形序列特征反映早期正向逆冲,晚期压剪平移-正向伸展的造山拼贴过程.     

Tectonic rotation in the western South-Dabashan orogenic belt in late Mesozoic

A paleomagnetic study was carried out on Early-Middle Jurassic sediments in the Zhenba area, the western South-dabashan orogenic belt. Stepwise thermal demagnetization isolated the characteristic high temperature component (HTC) (D=37.1°, I=46.1°, α95=10.1°), which passed the fold test. By comparing the corresponding pole of HTC (57.6°N, 196.6°E, A95=9.9°) with coeval reference poles for the Sichuan basin, we detected a 26.5°±9.0° clockwise rotation of the study area relative to the stable Sichuan basin. We...     

Shear-wave splitting and anisotropy in crust of Dabieshan orogenic belt

The shear-wave splitting was analyzed on the deep seismic sounding profile crossing the Dabieshan area. The direction difference between Sg and SmS fast wave polarization indicates that the modem regional tectonic stress field in the Dabieshan area exists only in uppcr crust, while the crack alignment caused by the Triassic collision between the North China and the Yangtze blocks had been preserved in mid-lower curst.     

秦岭—大别造山带中几条重要构造带的特征及其意义

目的 研究秦岭一大别造山带内几条重要构造带的构造变形特征,以探讨其动力学过程.方法 通过该造山带中各构造带的几何学、运动学特征研究,分析板块构造体系向陆内构造体系转换和大陆动力学体系演化等地质过程.结果 ①洛栾构造带是二郎坪弧后盆地与华北板块南缘的陆内构造拼合带,形成于365 Ma±,挤压方向为240→60°;②商丹断裂带在260 Ma±形成,挤压方向为220→40°,以压扁作用为主,正花状构造,显示出板块碰撞带的构造特征;③襄广断裂带是扬子板块在220 Ma±,由185→5°方向与大别造山带斜向汇聚的结果;④殷马断裂带为一条右行平移的韧性剪切带;⑤武穴构造对接带是大别造山带南缘与扬子板块北缘的构造复合带,是在140 Ma±扬子板块总体由S→N挤压所致;⑥宜鲁构造带是东秦岭造山带北界,为S→N逆冲的叠瓦状推覆构造,上地壳缩短率为52%;⑦郯庐断裂带是秦岭一大别造山带东端的一条多期活动的剪切带.结论 秦岭一大别造山带经历了不同构造体制转换、板块构造系统发展、板块构造体系向陆内构造体系转换以及大陆动力学体系发展演化等地质过程;显示出古生代以来逆时针"转动挤压"到"三面围限"的动力学过程.     

与秦岭造山有关的几个关键成矿事件及其矿床实例

目的 探讨秦岭造山带加里东期、印支期和燕山期的几个的响应及其发生的动力学背景.方法 以秦岭造山带造山过程与成矿作用演化存在时空耦合关系为线索,研究秦岭造山带成矿事件对其不同时期地质事件的响应.结果 秦岭造山带存在加里东期、印支期和燕山期的几个关键成矿地质事件.结论 秦岭造山带在其形成和演化过程中存在多期构造复合活动,地质流体和成矿物质汇聚,具有优越的成矿地质条件和找矿前景.     

Downcutting and uplifting in the middle part of Qinling orogenic belt during the late Quaternary

Layered cave passages formed on the walls of the Qianyou River valley in the middle part of the Qinling Mountains since the Pleistocene due to the intermittent uplifts. 12 speleothem samples near ruins of palaeowater tables in 3 cave passages are dated by using the 230Th method. The results show that the 3 caves began to uplift (358±38) ka, (247±28) ka, (118±19) ka ago respectively. Given the differences of elevation between the caves, we could obtain the downcutting rates of the valley: (0.23(0.02) mm/a during 358-247 ka, (0.19(0.03) mm/a during 247-118 ka, and (0.51(0.08) mm/a since 118 ka. This implies that more andmore strong uplifting sustained in the middle part of Qinling since 358 k     

New chronological evidence for Yanshanian diagenetic mineralization in China's Altay orogenic belt

Granitoids and related pegmatitic rare-metal deposits are widespread in China's Altay region, they used to be considered as Hercynian rocks and mineral deposits. Reported here are the 40Ar-39Ar ages of potassium-rich minerals (muscovite and microcline) in the Koktokay pegmatitic rare-metal orefield and whole-rock as well as quartz fluid-inclusion Rb-Sr isochron ages of granite and ores in the Shangkelan pegmatite rare-metal orefield. The ages indicate that there are Yanshanian Diagenetic Mineralization events happening in China's Altay orogenic belt and that formation of the famous Koktokay No.3 pegmatitic rare-metal deposit endured about 30 Ma of magmatic crystallization differentiation.     

Seismic tomography showing subduction and slab breakoff of the Yangtze block beneath the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt

Seismic tomography reveals that a subducted ancient block has been preserved beneath the Moho of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt. Taking into account of geological and geochronological data, we inferred from the tomographic images that the Yangtze block was subducted northward beneath the Sino-Korean block and broken off at the depth <200 km during 200—190 Ma. The slab breakoff of the Yangtze block is the most important dynamic mechanism to control the exhumation of UHP rocks.     

Metallogenetic epoch and mechanism of the tungsten ore in Yushan,Beishan orogenic belt,Gansu

Using SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating methods and cathodoluminescence （CL） technique, we have precisely dated ore samples from tungsten ore deposit, ore-bearing volcanic-sedimentary strata and granite in the Yushan region within the east Tianshan-Beishan W-bearing zone. This study reveals Yushan tungsten ore deposit zone formed in 250 ± 9 Ma, and it is closely associated with the Permian granites and felsic volcanic rocks. This new type of tungsten ore deposit in the east Tianshan-Beishang multiple-metallogenetic province may probably be associated with the regionally right-literal shearing after the main Carboniferous collisional orogeny, and the formation of pull-apart basin and the felsic magmatism.     

秦岭佛坪穹隆盖层岩系的地质和地球化学特征

地质和地球化学研究表明,佛坪穹隆盖层岩系主要由晚震旦—晚古生代地层组成,呈变质程度不等的变质岩产出,构成以佛坪基底杂岩为核心的中心式递增变质带。认为该岩系经历了多期构造变形,与穹隆核部基底杂岩以剪切带或断层接触,其原岩为陆源碎屑岩－碳酸盐岩组合,形成于扬子板块北缘的被动大陆边缘（Ｚ２－Ｐｚ１）和秦岭微板块内的陆表海（Ｐｚ２）沉积环境。     

大别造山带北缘中-上侏罗统园筒山组沉积学研究

位于大别造山带北缘的安徽肥西地区,侏罗-白垩系地层发育,其中,中-上侏罗统园筒山组厚约1 170 m,主要为细粒碎屑岩;根据Miall的岩相分类,园筒山组有13种岩相,主要为Fl、Fm、Fr、Fsm、Sp、Sr、Ss、Sl,少量的是P、Frc、Sm、St和Sh;识别出5种主要沉积相,分别为点沙坝、洪泛平原、决口扇、滨湖...     

氡测试技术在秦岭造山带隐伏断裂活动性研究中的应用

采用氡测试技术,对秦岭造山带的七条主要断裂进行了土氡测试.首先对研究区内典型氡气测试成果剖面进行了研究分析,确定断裂的空间分布位置及其相对活动强度,进而得出影响研究区地壳稳定性的主控断裂;然后结合三条氡气测试路线,对比研究后,得出研究区断裂相对活动强度的空间分布特征.     

大别造山带北缘早白垩世周公山组冲积沉积研究

发育于安徽肥西—六安一带的周公山组,属于早白垩世沉积,厚度大于800 m。周公山组以不等粒砂岩和泥岩、粉砂岩为主,局部含砾岩。根据Miall的岩相分类,周公山组有12种岩相,主要为Gci、Gcm、Ss、Sp、Sh、Sm、Fsm和Fm等。识别出6种沉积结构单元,分别是河道滞流沉积、曲流砂坝、天然堤、决口扇和洪泛平原沉积,其中决口扇和洪泛平原沉积是最为发育的结构单元。根据Miall的河流分类方案,肥西周公山组下段应属于细粒曲流河沉积,上段属于砂质曲流河沉积。河流曲率P为2.09~3.55,河道宽度31.4~81.1 m,河流曲率波长为385.63~1025.66 m。周公山组沉积环境的变化可能记录着物源区—大别造山带隆升速率的变化。     

岩石有限应变与造山带构造块体变形要素的估算

提出定量研究造山带的一种简便而实用的方法。利用岩石应变测量方法测量出岩石中变形标志体长轴、中间轴、短轴之间的比值(X∶Y∶Z),计算构造块体的三轴比率;假设变形前后体积不变,可估算出构造块体的原始宽度;若已知构造块体其中一个轴(如Z轴)的长度,便可估算出其它两个轴的长度,近而估算出构造块体变形前后的缩短分量和缩短率、伸展分量和伸展率、垂向伸展量、垂向伸展率、剥蚀量和深部调整量等,从而进一步研究整个造山带的变形要素。     

Radiometric dating of sediments derived from metamorphic rocks of the Dabie orogenic belt in the Jurasic and Early Cretaceous

Using isotopic dating of tuff, heavy mineral and lithofacies, correlation of Jurassic strata on the northern margin of the Dabie orogenic belt (DOB) has been enabled in the Fenghuangtai, Zhougongshan, Maotanchang and Jingangtai formations, which might be as young as Early Cretaceous. Depositional systems have been interpreted as mainly alluvial fan, braided stream and overbank, secondarily fan-delta and lacustrine. The palaeocurrent systems of the Jurassic-Cretaceous basins can be divided into two classes: one transverse adjacent to the southern margin, the other longitudinal close to the middle flowing from west to east. Mesozoic sedimentary source rocks are mainly from the DOB and, according to their geochemistry, experienced evolution in a volcanic arc tectonic setting. The Jurassic-Cretaceous strata have been subdivided into four Chronosomes, and their overlapping progressively from east toward west implies that exhumation of the DOB characterized diachronous. Based on stratigraphic evidence from eclogite conglomerates found in the Maotanchang and Fenghuangtai formations, the first exposure of UHP (ultrahigh pressure) rocks in the DOB occurred in Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous time. Further, phengites and Triassic zircons found in the Lower Jurassic Fanghushan Formation suggest that denudation began in the Early Jurassic.