Control of substance solidification in a complex-geometry mold

The control of metal solidification in a mold of complex geometry is studied. The underlying mathematical model is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the Stefan type. The mathematical formulation of the optimal control problem for the solidification process is presented. This problem was solved numerically using gradient optimization methods. The gradient of the cost function was computed by applying the fast automatic differentiation technique, which yields the exact value of the cost function gradient for the chosen discrete version of the optimal control problem. The results of the study are described and analyzed. Some of the results are illustrated as plots.     

Functional gradient evaluation in the optimal control of a complex dynamical system

The gradient of the cost functional in a discrete optimal control problem for metal solidification in metal casting is exactly calculated. In contrast to previous studies, the object under analysis has a complex geometric shape. The mathematical model for describing the solidification process is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the Stefan type. Formulas for exact gradient evaluation are derived using the fast automatic differentiation technique.     

On the influence of setup parameters on the control of solidification in metal casting

The optimal control of metal solidification in a mold of complex geometry is studied. The underlying mathematical model is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the Stefan type. The influence exerted on the solidification process and its optimal control by the furnace temperature and the maximum depth to which the mold is immersed in the coolant is examined. The research results are described and analyzed. Some of the results are illustrated.     

Investigation of the optimal control problem for metal solidification in a new formulation

New formulations of the optimal control problem for metal solidification in a furnace are proposed and studied. The underlying mathematical model of the process is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the Stefan type. The formulated problems are solved numerically with the help of gradient optimization methods. The gradient of the cost function is computed by applying the fast automatic differentiation technique, which yields the exact value of the cost function gradient for a chosen discrete version of the optimal control problem. The research results are described and analyzed. Some of the results are illustrated.     

Determination of functional gradient in an optimal control problem related to metal solidification

The gradient of the cost functional in the discrete optimal control problem of metal solidification in casting is exactly evaluated. The mathematical model describing the solidification process is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the Stefan type. Formulas determining exact gradient determination are derived using the fast automatic differentiation technique.     

Optimal boundary control by displacement at one end of a string under a given elastic force at the other end

The problem of optimal boundary control by displacement at one end of a string under a specified force mode at the other end is studied in the sense of a generalized solution of the corresponding mixed initial-boundary value problem from a Sobolev space. The problem of choosing an optimal boundary control from an infinite number of admissible controls is solved. A generalized solution of the mixed initial-boundary value problem is constructed explicitly and the uniqueness of the solution is proved.     

Optimal boundary force control at one end of a string for a given displacement mode at the other end

We solve the problem of optimal boundary force control at one end of a string for the case of a given displacement mode at the other end. The problem is studied in the sense of a generalized solution of the corresponding mixed initial-boundary value problem in the Sobolev space. We also solve the problem of choosing an optimal boundary control from infinitely many feasible controls. The generalized solution of the mixed initial-boundary value problem is constructed in closed form, and the uniqueness of the solution is proved.     

Optimal control of the solidification process in metal casting

The optimal control of the solidification process in metal casting is considered. The mathematical model is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the Stefan type. The mathematical formulation of the optimal control problem is given. The problem is solved numerically by direct optimization methods. The numerical results are described and analyzed. Some of the results are illustrated by plots.     

Optimal boundary control by a force at one end of a string with a given force mode at the other end

We consider the problem of boundary control by a force applied to one end of a string in the case of a given force mode at the other end. The problem is studied in the sense of the generalized solution of the corresponding mixed initial-boundary value problem in the Sobolev space. We also solve the problem of choosing an optimal boundary control in the set of all admissible controls. The generalized solution of the mixed initial-boundary value problem is constructed in closed form, and its uniqueness is proved.     

Optimal Control and Controllability of a Phase Field System with One Control Force

We investigate the relation between optimal control and controllability for a phase field system modeling the solidification process of pure materials in the case that only one control force is used. Such system is constituted of one energy balance equation, with a localized control associated to the density of heat sources and sinks to be determined, coupled with a phase field equation with the classical nonlinearity derived from the two-well potential. We prove that this system has a local controllability property and we establish that a sequence of solutions of certain optimal control problems converges to a solution of such controllability problem.     

Control of phase boundary evolution in metal solidification for new thermodynamic parameters of the metal

The problem of controlling the phase boundary evolution in the course of solidification of metals with different thermodynamic properties is studied. The underlying mathematical model of the process is based on a three-dimensional nonstationary two-phase initial–boundary value problem of the Stefan type. The control functions are determined by optimal control problems, which are solved numerically with the help of gradient optimization methods. The gradient of the cost function is exactly computed by applying the fast automatic differentiation technique. The research results are described and analyzed. Some of them are illustrated.     

Thermodynamics and Optimal Control of Porous Media Flows in Oil Field Development

The nonisothermal two-phase porous media flow of oil and hot water in a horizontal oil reservoir is considered. An asymptotic method for calculating the flow and solving related optimal control problems is proposed. Namely, the problem of choosing optimal control actions to maximize the oil production for a given level of financial costs and to minimize the costs for a given level of oil production is considered.     

Relaxation methods for mixed-integer optimal control of partial differential equations

We consider integer-restricted optimal control of systems governed by abstract semilinear evolution equations. This includes the problem of optimal control design for certain distributed parameter systems endowed with multiple actuators, where the task is to minimize costs associated with the dynamics of the system by choosing, for each instant in time, one of the actuators together with ordinary controls. We consider relaxation techniques that are already used successfully for mixed-integer optimal control of ordinary differential equations. Our analysis yields sufficient conditions such that the optimal value and the optimal state of the relaxed problem can be approximated with arbitrary precision by a control satisfying the integer restrictions. The results are obtained by semigroup theory methods. The approach is constructive and gives rise to a numerical method. We supplement the analysis with numerical experiments.     

Synthesis of the optimal control of dynamical structures

The problem of synthesizing an optimal control by choosing the structure, in non-linear dynamical systems a with random structure, is formulated. One of the possible approaches to solving this problem is considered: it uses a method from the theory of the optimal control of systems with distributed parameters and enables one to construct the density vector of the distributions of the process under consideration for all states in such a way as to guarantee an optimum of the selected probability functional. An example is given to illustrate the practical possibilities of the approach.     

Optimal control of impulsive switched systems with minimum subsystem durations

This paper presents a new computational approach for solving optimal control problems governed by impulsive switched systems. Such systems consist of multiple subsystems operating in succession, with possible instantaneous state jumps occurring when the system switches from one subsystem to another. The control variables are the subsystem durations and a set of system parameters influencing the state jumps. In contrast with most other papers on the control of impulsive switched systems, we do not require every potential subsystem to be active during the time horizon (it may be optimal to delete certain subsystems, especially when the optimal number of switches is unknown). However, any active subsystem must be active for a minimum non-negligible duration of time. This restriction leads to a disjoint feasible region for the subsystem durations. The problem of choosing the subsystem durations and the system parameters to minimize a given cost function is a non-standard optimal control problem that cannot be solved using conventional techniques. By combining a time-scaling transformation and an exact penalty method, we develop a computational algorithm for solving this problem. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm by considering a numerical example on the optimization of shrimp harvesting operations.     

On an inverse problem arising in continuous casting of steel billets

In continuous casting of steel, the control of the solidification front by means of the amount of water sprayed onto the strand is of great practical interest. We study the thermal history in a continuously cast cylindrical billet. The mathematical model is a two-dimensional nonlinear heat equation div[k(u)gradu] = ut subject to water-cooling and heat radiation boundary conditions. We establish existence, uniqueness and stability results for both the temperature field and the solidification front. We study the monotonicity behaviour of the temperature field and show that certain technically easy-to-realize cooling-strategies may generate double liquid fingers at the final stage of solidification. The inverse problem of determining the cooling strategy is an ill-posed problem. We therefore use Tikhonov regularization as a stable and convergent methodfor treating this problem.     

离散双线性系统二次型最优控制的迭代算法

1引言众所周知,某些复杂的工业过程用线性近似动态模型是不适宜的,而且许多对象如工业生产,生态,生物和社会经济等过程可以用双线性模型自然描述,能够在稳态工作点的一个较大领域内描述一大类严重非线性系统的动态特性,描述精度优于传统的线性模型     

Optimal control for a parabolic problem in a domain with highly oscillating boundary

In this article we study the homogenization of an optimal control problem for a parabolic equation in a domain with highly oscillating boundary. We identify the limit problem, which is an optimal control problem for the homogenized equation and with a different cost functional.     

Direct solution of a Riccati equation arising in a stochastic control problem with control and observation on the boundary

The optimal control of a class of stochastic parabolic systems is studied. This class includes systems with noise depending on spatial derivatives of the state, Neumann boundary control, and Dirichlet boundary observation, and extends a class of stochastic systems with distributed control studied by Da Prato [3] and Da Prato and Ichikawa [4]. The work is based on the direct study of the Riccati equation arising in the optimal control problem over finite time horizon. The problem over infinite time horizon and the corresponding algebraic Riccati equation are also considered.     

Analysis of deteriorating inventory/production systems using a linear quadratic regulator

We consider an inventory-production system where items deteriorate at a constant rate. The objective is to develop an optimal production policy that minimizes the cost associated with inventory and production rate. The inventory problem is first modeled as a linear optimal control problem. Then linear quadratic regulator (LQR) technique is applied to the control problem in order to determine the optimal production policy. Examples are solved for three different demand functions. Sensitivity analysis is then conducted to study the effect of changing the cost parameters on the objective function.