氢原子在少周期强激光场中阈上电离的电子波包干涉图像

采用电子波包干涉方法研究了长程库仑势以及再散射电子对氢原子在少周期强激光场中阈上电离的影响。首先,利用强场近似及Coulomb-Volkov近似结合时间窗函数,模拟了氢原子在波长为800 nm且脉宽为5 fs的线性极化激光场中单电离的周期内干涉及周期间干涉图像,发现在长程库仑势作用下周期内干涉及周期间干涉共同作用形成了二维动量谱中的部分扇形结构条纹,其余部分扇形条纹的形成与再散射电子有关。然后,通过数值求解含时薛定谔方程计算了深度隧穿电离机制下氢原子的二维动量谱,在二维动量谱中出现了明显的径向条纹。研究结果表明,该径向条纹的产生与长程库仑势无关,是再散射电子波包干涉形成的。     

第二玻恩近似理论研究激光辅助e-Ar散射

在电子入射方向平行于激光场的极化方向这种特殊的散射模式下，应用第二玻恩近似(SBA)理论，分别利用含有极化势的静电屏蔽势和单纯的静电屏蔽势这两种原子势模型对激光场中电子-氩原子散射进行了研究，并与低频近似和实验数据进行了比较.结果表明，第二玻恩近似理论给出的结果与实验符合较好.另外，极化势在激光辅助电子-原子散射中起着重要作用. 关键词： 极化势 第二玻恩近似 微分截面 激光场     

基于FORTRAN的双色圆偏振激光场光电离的电子涡旋研究

通过求解二维含时薛定谔方程的方法研究了双色反旋圆偏振激光场中He+光电子的电子涡旋.我们用FORTRAN语言编程模拟He+在双色反旋圆偏振激光场中光电子动量分布,发现He+在双色反旋圆偏振激光场中光电子动量分布呈涡旋结构,并且当改变两束激光脉冲的发射顺序时,电子旋涡也会随之发生改变.同时,我们还发现反旋激光场的电子涡旋...     

氢原子在红外激光和极紫外脉冲组合场中的阈上电离

通过求解氢原子在强红外(IR)激光和极紫外（XUV）脉冲组合场中的三维含时薛定谔方程(TDSE),理论研究了XUV脉冲的加入对光电子能谱和二维光电子动量分布的影响.计算结果表明,与仅由红外场驱动的情况相比,组合场驱动下的光电子能谱和二维光电子动量分布中呈现出明显的干涉增强结构,干涉结构对XUV脉冲的强度、光子能量和时间延迟都有很强的依赖,该方案可实现高能阈上电离谱的选择性增强.     

激光场中极化势对电子-氦原子散射影响

构建含有极化势的静电屏蔽势和单纯的静电屏蔽势这两种原子势模型,应用第二玻恩近似(SBA)理论,分别对激光场中电子-氰原子散射截面进行了理论计算.对比实验结果发现含有极化势的静电屏蔽势给出的结果与实验符合较好.表明极化势在激光辅助电子-原子散射中起着重要作用.     

高频激光脉宽对原子光电子发射谱的影响

采用广义含时伪谱方法数值求解原子在激光脉冲作用下的动量空间含时薛定谔方程,研究了高频激光脉宽对原子光电子发射谱的影响.数值模拟表明,随着激光脉冲宽度的增加,光电子谱干涉结构的振荡幅值逐渐减小,其最大峰值的强度和位置取决于产生有效电离的最大即时强度.通过分析光电子谱的变化规律能进一步加深对高频强场电离产生的动力学干涉效应的理解.     

激光场中极化势对电子-氦原子散射影响

构建含有极化势的静电屏蔽势和单纯的静电屏蔽势这两种原子势模型,应用第二玻恩近似（SBA）理论,分别对激光场中电子-氦原子散射截面进行了理论计算。对比实验结果发现含有极化势的静电屏蔽势给出的结果与实验符合较好。表明极化势在激光辅助电子-原子散射中起着重要作用。     

用Coulomb-Volkov方法研究强激光场中H原子的电离

利用Coulomb-Volkov方法研究了H原子在不同波长的线性极化强激光场中电离的能量谱和动量谱,并与强场近似和直接数值求解含时Schr(o|¨)dinger方程的结果进行比较,结果发现:随着激光频率的增加,由Coulomb-Volkov方法得到的结果与数值求解含时Schr(o|¨)dinger方程的结果符合得很好.     

以两种方法研究强激光场中的非时序双电离现象

以半经典再散射模型和量子S矩阵模型出发来研究强激光场中原子和分子的非时序双电离现象.分别利用这两个模型计算了电离率随激光强度的变化、反冲离子的动量分布、两出射电子的能量分布.数值结果表明半径典再散射模型和量子S矩阵模型在研究强场中原子和分子的非时序双电离现象时有很好的一致性.     

由动态Stark效应诱导的氢原子涡旋动量分布

采用强场近似方法,对处于两个具有时间延迟的圆偏振激光场中氢原子的涡旋状光电子动量分布进行了数值模拟。在两个延时激光脉冲的作用下,电子吸收光子后克服电离阈值,从基态经由两个不同的通道跃迁到连续态,产生的电子波包之间会发生干涉。模拟结果表明,所产生的光电子动量涡旋的旋向与两脉冲的偏振方向有关,涡旋臂的数目与激光载波频率有关。动态Stark效应是一种典型的强场现象。若在电离发生的同时考虑动态Stark效应,将会观察到动量涡旋的扭曲。对顺时针的动量涡旋及其扭曲进行分析,发现扭曲现象是由动态Stark效应引入的附加相位的时间非线性特性引起的。     

Microscopic Dynamics of Nonsequential Double Ionization by Elliptically Polarized Few-Cycle Laser Pulses

With the classical ensemble model, we investigate nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of xenon atoms using 780 nm, 0.25 PW/cm2elliptically polarized few-cycle laser pulses. The momentum distribution of correlated electron along the long axis of the laser polarization plane shows an obvious V-like structure locating at the third quadrant, and the momentum along the short axis of the laser polarization plane are mainly distributed in the second and fourth quadrants. Moreover, we demonstrate that the Coulomb repulsion interaction plays a decisive role to the above results.By back analyzing the classical trajectories of NSDI, we find that there are two kinds of recollision trajectories mainly contribute to NSDI, and the different microscopic dynamics for the two kinds of trajectories are clearly explored.     

Tm:Y2SiO5晶体的生长和光谱性质研究

采用中频感应提拉法生长了高质量的Tm:Y₂SiO₅(Tm:YSO)晶体,测定了晶体的晶格常数和分凝系数.运用劳厄照相法确定了单斜晶系Tm:YSO晶体的三个偏振轴〈010〉,D₁和D₂,在室温下测量了三个偏振轴方向的吸收光谱、荧光光谱和荧光寿命,计算了晶体吸收峰的吸收线宽和吸收截面.研究发现,相对于其他两个偏振轴方向,D₁方向在790nm处出现较强的吸收峰, 关键词： 2SiO₅')" href="#">Tm:Y₂SiO₅ 单斜晶系 吸收光谱 荧光光谱     

Rescattering double ionization of D2 and H2 by intense laser pulses

We have measured momentum spectra and branching ratios of charged ionic fragments emitted in the double ionization of D2 (and H2) molecules by short intense laser pulses. We find high-energy coincident D+ (and H+) ion pairs with kinetic energy releases between 8 and 19 eV which appear for linearly polarized light but are absent for circularly polarized light. The dependence on the polarization, the energy distributions of the ions, and the dependence on laser intensity of yield ratios lead us to interpret these ion pairs as due to a rescattering mechanism for the double ionization. A quantitative model is presented which accounts for the major features of the data.     

Momentum distributions of ne(n+) ions created by an intense ultrashort laser pulse

Vector momentum distributions of Ne(n+) (n = 1,2,3) ions created by 30 fs, approximately 1 PW/cm(2) laser pulses at 795 nm have been measured using recoil-ion momentum spectroscopy. Distinct maxima along the light polarization axis are observed at 4.0 and 7.5 a.u. for Ne2+ and Ne3+ production, respectively. Hence, mechanisms based on an instantaneous release of two (or more) electrons can be ruled out as a dominant contribution to nonsequential strong-field multiple ionization. The positions of the maxima are in accord with kinematical constraints set by the classical "rescattering model."     

Electron correlations in nonsequential double ionization of argon atoms by elliptically polarized laser pulses

Using a classical ensemble model, we investigate the correlation behaviour of electrons originating from nonsequential double ionization (NSDI) of argon atoms by the elliptically polarized laser pulses. Because of the ellipticity, not only the first electron to return but also the later return of tunneled electrons contribute significantly to NSDI. We mainly discuss two kinds of events of NSDI originating from the first and the second return separately. For the NSDI resulting from the recollision of the first return, the correlated electron momentum spectrum along the long axis of the laser polarization plane reveals an obvious V-like shape, located at the first and third quadrant. However, for the NSDI resulting from the recollision of the second return, the momenta of two electrons are distributed in the four quadrants uniformly. By analysing the trajectories of these two kinds, we find that the recollision energy and the laser phase at recollision are different for the first and second returning trajectories, which are responsible for the difference in the correlated behavior of the final electron momentum.     

Deflections of photoelectron classical trajectories in screened Coulomb potentials of H_2~+

The photoelectron momentum distribution of H+2in circularly polarized laser fields is studied based on classical trajectory calculations. We screen Coulomb potentials at different radii, and trace trajectories of an ensemble of electrons in such screened Coulomb potentials and circularly polarized laser fields. Simulations show that electron trajectories are bent by Coulomb fields, resulting in the laser-intensity-dependent drift of photoelectron momentum distributions in the laser polarization plane. This study intuitively explains how Coulomb potentials modify photoelectron momenta.     

氢负离子在少周期激光场中解离时的干涉效应

本文利用强场近似理论研究了氢负离子在少周期激光场中的解离过程. 在计算中采用了数值积分和鞍点近似两种计算方法并得到了一致的结果. 更为重要的是, 利用鞍点法对激光脉冲中不同时刻解离产生的电子波包之间的干涉效应进行了研究, 发现光电子动量谱的主要结构是电子波包间的周期间干涉和周期内干涉共同作用的结果, 并分析了周期内和周期间干涉效应对光电子能量谱的影响. 最后, 讨论了激光脉宽对周期内和周期间干涉效应的影响. 本文的工作对进一步了解负离子光解离过程中的量子干涉效应和利用光场对其进行调控方面的研究具有意义.     

运用球高斯分布极化势研究低能电子与H2 分子碰撞的振动激发动量迁移散射截面

用最近改进的球高斯分布(distributed spherical Gaussian,DSG)极化势模型,在振动密耦合框架下和基于量子力学从头计算的静电势、交换势的基础上,研究了低能电子与H₂分子碰撞振动激发的动量迁移散射截面(momentum transfer cross section,MTCS).通过包含18个振动波函数、5个分波和16个分子对称性,得到了0<E≤10 eV时收敛性很好的ν=0→ν'=0,1,2,3等几个振动跃迁通道和总的MTCS,并与其他实验和理论得到的值进行了比较和分析. 关键词： 2分子碰撞')" href="#">H₂分子碰撞 动量迁移散射截面 振动激发 球高斯分布极化势     

Manipulating Photoelectron Distributions for Rare Gas Atoms Ionized with Polarized Femtosecond Laser Pulses

Above-threshold ionizations of rare gas atoms excited by polarized femtosecond laser pulses are investigated. The photoelectron momentum spectra are obtained applying the strong-field approximation (SFA) theory. It is found that, distribution of the emitted photoelectrons varies with different polarizations of laser pulses. We have interpreted the relationship between the observed distribution and the laser polarization taking advantage of tunneling ionization theory and simple-man model. The polarization sensitivity indicates that one can easily manipulate the photoelectron distribution by controlling the polarization of the exciting pulse.