磷脂囊泡在胺端基和羧端基修饰金表面的沉积

磷脂囊泡与阴,阳离子性表面作用的深入理解对磷脂的生物纳米科技应用具有重要意义.通过石英电子微天平及耗散系数测量仪,研究了不同离子性磷脂囊泡在胺端基和羧端基修饰Au衬底的沉积行为.实验观察到四条囊泡沉积路径:(ⅰ)吸附至临界值后破裂成膜;(ⅱ)吸附即破裂成膜;(ⅲ)吸附不破裂;(ⅳ)不吸附.沉积路径由囊泡与衬底的双电层相互作用决定,离子可发挥调节作用.     

蜂毒肽浓度和磷脂组分对巨囊泡泄露的影响

蜂毒肽作为一种广谱抗菌肽已经得到广泛认知,用蜂毒肽构建载药体系攻击癌细胞研究正在兴起.基于仿生物膜模型探索其破坏机理,可以避免潜在活性细胞过程的影响.在此,我们选用细胞尺寸的单层巨囊泡膜模型,可在光学显微镜下直接观察和操作,获得仿正常细胞膜和仿癌细胞膜在不同蜂毒肽浓度刺激下的响应.研究得出,低浓度蜂毒肽诱导囊泡泄露实验表明中性磷脂囊泡以孔模式为主泄露,负电性磷脂囊泡以爆裂模式为主泄露;高浓度蜂毒肽诱导囊泡泄露实验表明负电性磷脂相较于中性磷脂可延迟蜂毒肽作用效果;蜂毒肽色氨酸残基荧光光谱表明囊泡膜表面蜂毒肽吸附量以及泄露模式依赖于磷脂组分.此外,推断了蜂毒肽对不同组分磷脂膜的破坏作用模型.研究为蜂毒肽在肿瘤细胞的作用机制及其衍生物的优化设计提供参考.     

多聚赖氨酸诱导的负电性磷脂巨囊泡形变

利用荧光显微技术表征了多聚赖氨酸诱导的负电性磷脂巨囊泡的动力学响应行为.研究发现,多聚赖氨酸可吸附至二油酰磷脂酰胆碱和二油酰磷脂酸混合磷脂巨囊泡的表面,诱导其发生粘连、出"绳"及破裂现象.分析认为,在低盐环境中,膜形变由多聚赖氨酸吸附于二油酰磷脂酸富集区引起的膜两叶应力不对称,以及静电相互作用等因素产生.研究结果对基于聚合物-巨囊泡体系的药物输运控释、细胞形变、微控反应和基因治疗等方面的研究提供有价值的支持.     

蜂毒肽浓度和磷脂组分对巨囊泡泄露的影响

蜂毒肽作为一种广谱抗菌肽已经得到广泛认知,用蜂毒肽构建载药体系攻击癌细胞研究正在兴起.基于仿生物膜模型探索其破坏机理,可以避免潜在活性细胞过程的影响.在此,我们选用细胞尺寸的单层巨囊泡膜模型,可在光学显微镜下直接观察和操作,获得仿正常细胞膜和仿癌细胞膜在不同蜂毒肽浓度刺激下的响应.研究得出,低浓度蜂毒肽诱导囊泡泄露实验表明中性磷脂囊泡以孔模式为主泄露,负电性磷脂囊泡以爆裂模式为主泄露;高浓度蜂毒肽诱导囊泡泄露实验表明负电性磷脂相较于中性磷脂可延迟蜂毒肽作用效果;蜂毒肽色氨酸残基荧光光谱表明囊泡膜表面蜂毒肽吸附量以及泄露模式依赖于磷脂组分.此外,推断了蜂毒肽对不同组分磷脂膜的破坏作用模型.研究为蜂毒肽在肿瘤细胞的作用机制及其衍生物的优化设计提供参考.     

磷脂在膜结构间的交换:温度和离子强度的影响

磷脂跨膜交换对生物膜功能与药学研究有重要意义.石英电子微天平及耗散系数测量仪被用于研究囊泡与支撑膜间磷脂的交换行为.研究表明:首先,在磷脂跨膜输运过程中,热力学环境和离子强度对支撑膜表面吸附囊泡的形变程度影响较小,囊泡与支撑膜的总接触面积直接取决于囊泡的吸附数量;其次,交换过程中膜结构间最大总接触面积随着温度的升高和离子强度的降低而增大,温度和离子引起的囊泡吸附速率和跨膜交换速率的变化在其中发挥着关键调节作用.本研究有助于加深对磷脂在生理条件下跨膜输运过程的理解,并为基于脂质体的药物载运体系研究提供参考.     

重力对金纳米颗粒在生物膜表面吸附影响的荧光研究

纳米颗粒在生物膜表面的吸附行为是纳米生物技术领域的重要问题. 采用正、倒置实验, 通过荧光显微镜定量研究了重力对金纳米颗粒在支撑磷脂膜表面吸附的影响. 研究发现, 颗粒尺寸决定其在顶或底层支撑膜表面吸附的差异性. 吸附量的差异与颗粒的沉淀速率和扩散速率之比的对数呈线性关系. 粒径小于14 nm时, 不考虑重力在吸附时的影响; 粒径大于176 nm时, 重力在吸附中占主导地位. 为药物载体研究和理解颗粒－生物膜相互作用提供参考.     

荧光显微镜研究极端pH值诱导磷脂支撑膜的侧向再组织

利用荧光显微镜研究了极端pH值诱导支撑磷脂双层膜的侧向再组织.结果表明,在强酸/强碱性溶液中,流动性较好的二油酰磷脂酰胆碱支撑膜出现破裂、分离、出芽或生出微管等与细胞内吞和外排相似的现象.基于极性分子与H+/H3O+或OH-的相互作用,以电中性的磷脂首基为核吸附溶液中的H+/H3O+或OH-.当磷脂膜上下叶吸附的电荷量不同时,引起两叶有效面积差,即磷脂膜曲率不对称,从而诱发磷脂膜出现各种结构和动力学的响应.本研究有助于理解极端环境对生物膜的影响,为研究生物膜的形变过程提供了参考.     

Challenges in theoretical investigations of configurations of lipid membranes

We report some key results in the theoretical investigations of configurations of lipid membranes and present several challenges in this field, which involve (i) the exact solutions to the shape equation of lipid vesicles, (ii) the exact solutions to the governing equations of open lipid membranes, (iii) the neck condition of two-phase vesicles in the budding state, (iv) the nonlocal theory of membrane elasticity, and (v) the relationship between the symmetry and the magnitude of the free energy.     

带电多孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒在硫醇/磷脂混合双层膜上的非特异性吸附

制备了表面带阴/阳离子的多孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒, 通过QCM-D研究了颗粒在不同pH值环境下与磷脂膜的非特异性吸附情况. 结果表明, NH₂-MSN 在4–8的pH值范围内与磷脂膜相互吸引, 而COOH-MSN由于与磷脂膜的电性始终保持一致而无法发生吸附现象. 本研究能够帮助理解和预测纳米颗粒与细胞膜间的相互作用, 为药物输运提供载体, 有助于多孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒在药物输运体系中的应用. 关键词： 多孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒 磷脂膜 非特异性吸附 QCM-D     

Challenges in the theoretical investigations of lipid membrane configurations

We report some key results in the theoretical investigations of configurations of lipid membranes and present several challenges in this field,which involve(i)the exact solutions to the shape equation of lipid vesicles,(ii)the exact solutions to the governing equations of open lipid membranes,(iii)the neck condition of two-phase vesicles in the budding state,(iv) the nonlocal theory of membrane elasticity,and(v)the relationship between the symmetry and the magnitude of the free energy.     

Deposition and characterization of YBCO/CeO2/YSZ/CeO2 multilayers on biaxially textured Ni substrates

CeO2/YSZ/CeO2 buffer layers were deposited on biaxially textured Ni substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The influence of the processing parameters on the texture development of the seed layer CeO2 was investigated. Epitaxial films of YBCO were then grown in situ on the CeO2/YSZ （yttria-stabilized ZrO2）/CeO2-buffered Ni substrates. The resulting YBCO conductors exhibited self-fleld critical current density Jc of more than 1 MA/cm^2 at 77K and superconducting transition temperature Tc of about 91K.     

Film morphology, orientation and performance of dodecyl/carboxyl functional polysiloxane on cotton substrates

A novel polysiloxane (RCAS) bearing dodecyl and carboxyl side groups was synthesized by reaction of a dodecyl/amino functionalized polysiloxane with maleic anhydride. Film morphology, molecular orientation and performance of the synthesized polysiloxane on cotton substrates were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray photoelectron microscope (XPS) and so on. Affected by the dodecyl and polar carboxyl side groups, RCAS formed a semi hydrophilic, macroscopic smooth but actually uneven siloxane film with many pillar-likes or small humps on the treated substrate surfaces. On the natural cotton surface, RCAS may take such an orientation to form its film that the Si-CH₃, Si-C₁₂H₂₅ groups projected outward into air, while the carboxyl groups pointed inward to the substrate, interacting with the hydroxyls of the cotton substrates in ester and hydrogen bonds or twisted away from the negatively charged cotton fiber surface. As a result of such a film-formation, RCAS provided the treated fabric with not only a good wettability of about 22.96 s and a whiteness of 88.44°, but also an improved softness as well as thickening handle.     

A level set projection model of lipid vesicles in general flows

A new numerical method to model the dynamic behavior of lipid vesicles under general flows is presented. A gradient-augmented level set method is used to model the membrane motion. To enforce the volume- and surface-incompressibility constraints a four-step projection method is developed to integrate the full Navier–Stokes equations. This scheme is implemented on an adaptive non-graded Cartesian grid. Convergence results are presented, along with sample two-dimensional results of vesicles under various flow conditions.