A New Sodium Borate: Na[B6O8(OH)3]·6H2O·H3BO3

The structure of [B₆H₉NaO₁₄, H₃BO₃, 6H₂O] was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and further analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy and differential thermal/thermogravimetric analysis. The asymmetric unit contains Na–O polyhedra (distorted octahedron), [B₆O₈(OH)₃]^– fundamental building blocks, one free water molecule and one free H₃BO₃ molecule. In the hexaborate anion, three B₃O₃ rings are linked by a common oxygen atom with five trigonal and one tetrahedral boron atoms. The hexaborate group is also linked to the oxygenated environment of the sodium atom by three other six‐membered rings, each of which involve two boron atoms, three oxygen atoms, and sodium as the joint atom.     

Boron-doped carbon prepared from PFO as a lithium-ion battery anode

A petroleum-based Li-ion battery anode was prepared by thermal condensation of pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) and a subsequent carbonization process. H₃BO₃ was used as a catalyst for efficient thermal condensation, carbonization and battery performance. The influence of the carbonization temperature on the carbon structure and battery performance was also investigated. Notably, H₃BO₃ promoted thermal condensation and formation of a graphitic carbon structure and acted as a boron doping agent. Boron-doping attenuated the highly active sites in carbon and effectively controlled formation of the SEI layer, which resulted in an increase in the initial efficiency of the anode. For the sample carbonized at 900 °C, a reversible capacity of 301 mAh/g and an initial efficiency of 78.6% were obtained. In addition, the samples obtained at different carbonization temperatures were all highly stable over 50 cycles, with capacity retentions greater than 90%.     

Tris(dimethylamido)bis(dimethylamine)titanium(IV) chloridobis(dimethylamine)[tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron–amido][tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron–nitrido]titanate(IV) toluene solvate

The title ionic solid, [Ti(C₂H₆N)₃(C₂H₇N)₂][Ti(C₁₈BF₁₅N)(C₁₈H₂BF₁₅N)Cl(C₂H₇N)₂]·C₇H₈, (I), comprises a cation with three dimethylamide ligands in the equatorial plane and two dimethylamine ligands positioned axially in a trigonal–bipyramidal geometry about the central Ti^IV atom. The anion has a highly distorted octahedral structure. The two dimethylamine ligands are coordinated mutually trans. The chloride is trans to the tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron–amide, while the sixth coordination site is occupied by an ortho‐F atom of the tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron–amide group in a trans disposition with respect to the tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron–nitride ligand. The most significant feature of the anion is the presence of an unprecedented terminal Ti[triple‐bond]N moiety [1.665 (2) Å], stabilized by coordination to B(C₆F₅)₃, with a Ti[triple‐bond]N—B angle of 169.50 (19)°.     

Facile Green Synthesis of BCN Nanosheets as High‐Performance Electrode Material for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Two‐dimensional hexagonal boron carbon nitride (BCN) nanosheets (NSs) were synthesized by new approach in which a mixture of glucose and an adduct of boric acid (H₃BO₃) and urea (NH₂CONH₂) is heated at 900 °C. The method is green, scalable and gives a high yield of BCN NSs with average size of about 1 μm and thickness of about 13 nm. Structural characterization of the as‐synthesized material was carried out by several techniques, and its energy‐storage properties were evaluated electrochemically. The material showed excellent capacitive behaviour with a specific capacitance as high as 244 F g^?1 at a current density of 1 A g^?1. The material retains up to 96 % of its initial capacity after 3000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g^?1.     

11B NMR study of the tautomeric transformations of the 7,8-dicarba-nido-und ecaborane(11) adducts with pyridine derivatives

The tautomeric transformations of o-carborane(12) 7,8-C₂B₉H₁₁-Py(X), where Py(X) = 4-picoline (4-CH₃-C₅H₄N), 3-picoline (3-CH₃-C₅H₄N 4-stilbazole (4-C₆H_5-C₂H₂-C₅H₄N, or 3-bromopyridine (3-Br-C₅H₄N), and the iodo derivative 7,8-C₂B₉H₁₀I C₅H₅N were studied by¹¹B NMR spectroscopy in solution. The tautomeric transformations found are caused by migration of the bridging hydrogen cluster C₂B₉H₁₁ which is present in the structures. In the¹¹B NMR spectra, the boron signal is observed in the high-field region of the spectrum if the nearest two boron atoms are additionally bound by the bridging hydrogen. This enables the recording of the dynamic structural transformations of the adducts. It was found that the tautomeric equilibrium depends on the nature of substituents introduced in the heterocyclic ligand and the carborane cluster. Substituents with greater electron-accepting ability induce a shift of equilibrium toward the tautomer in which the bridging hydrogen is farther from the boron atom bonded to the substituent.     

Defluoroalkylation of sp3 C−F Bonds of Industrially Relevant Hydrofluoroolefins

A simple, one-pot procedure is reported for the selective defluoroalkylation of trifluoromethyl alkene derivatives with aldehydes and ketones. The reaction sequence allows construction of a new C−C bond in a highly selective manner from a single sp³ C−F bond of a CF₃ group in the presence of sp² C−F bonds. The scope incorporates industrially relevant fluorocarbons including HFO-1234yf and HFO-1234ze. No catalyst, additives or transition metals are required, rather the methodology relies on a recently developed boron reagent. Remarkably, the boron site of this reagent plays a dual role in the reaction sequence, being nucleophilic at boron in the C−F cleavage step (S_N2’) but electrophilic at boron en route to the carbon–carbon bond-forming step (S_E2’). The duplicitous behaviour is underpinned by a hydrogen atom migration from boron to the carbon atom of a carbene ligand.     

Tetrametallomethanes containing one,two, or three group IV metal atoms and boron

The propanediol methanetetraboronic ester, C(BO₂C₃H₆)₄, provides much better properties than the previously used methyl ester, C[B(OMe)₂]₄, for the synthesis of new tetrametallomethanes. Treatment with butyllithium yields the lithium salt LiC(BO₂C₃H₆)₃, which reacts with Ph₃MCl to form Ph₃MC(BO₂C₃H₆)₃, where M is Ge, Sn, or Pb. Repetition of these processes leads to (Ph₃M)₂C(BO₂C₃H₆)₂, where the Group IV metals M may be the same of different. The series was extended to (Ph₃Sn)₃CBO₂C₃H₆, but the last boron atom resisted removal. Iodination of the appropriate lithium salt intermediates yielded Ph₃SnCl(BO₂C₃H₆)₂ and (Ph₃Sn)₂CIBO₂C₃H₆.     

Aza‐nido‐dodecaboranes and ‐borates from Aza‐closo‐dodecaboranes by the Addition of Neutral or Anionic Bases: Mechanism

The addition of neutral (L = py, NEt₃, NHEt₂, NH₂tBu) and anionic Lewis bases (X^‐ = OH^‐, Br^‐, N₃^‐, Me^‐, NHBu ^‐, NHtBu^‐, [FeCp(CO)₂]^‐) to aza‐closo‐dodecaboranes RNB₁₁H₁₁ ( 1 ) or to derivatives thereof with boron bound non‐hydrogen ligands yields nido‐clusters RNB₁₁H₁₁L or [RNB₁₁H₁₁X]^‐ or derivatives thereof, respectively, the non‐planar pentagonal aperture N—B4—B9—B8—B5 of which hosts a B8—B9 hydrogen bridge. The base is either bound to B8 ( 3 )or B4 ( 5 )or B2( 7 ). The structures of these adducts are concluded from ¹H and ¹¹B NMR including 2D‐NMR spectra, and in the case of MeNB₁₁H₁₁(NHEt₂) (type 3 ) also by a crystal structure analysis. With two of the adducts MeNB₁₁H₁₁L (L = py, NHEt₂), isomers of the type 3 , 5 , and 7 , and with two of the adducts, MeNB₁₁H₁₁(NH₂tBu) and {MeNB₁₁H₁₁[FeCp(CO)₂]}^‐, isomers of the type 3 and 7 could be identified. The position of boron‐bound ligands during the addition of bases to 1 shows, that only vertices of the ortho‐belt of 1 are involved in the opening process. A mechanism is made plausible that starts by the attack of the base at B2 of 1 and opening of the N‐B2 bond, denoted as a [3c, 1c]‐collocation, to give 2 with an endo‐H atom, whose migration into an adjacent bridge position and opening of a second B—N bond, denoted as a [3c, 2c]‐translocation, gives 3 ; this isomer can be transformed into 7 by a sequence of [3c, 2c]‐translocations via the isomers 4 , 5 , and 6 . The chiral type 3 species MeNB₁₁H₁₁L with L = NHEt₂, NH₂tBu undergo a rapid enantiomerization, for whose mechanism the exchange of the bridging and the amine‐H atom has been made plausible.     

A zwitterion produced by a strong intramolecular N→B interaction in 1‐hydroxy‐2‐(pyridin‐2‐ylcarbonyl)benzo[d][1,2,3]diazaborinine

2‐Acylated 2,3,1‐benzodiazaborines can display unusual structures and reactivities. The crystal structure analysis of the boron heterocycle obtained by condensing 2‐formylphenylboronic acid and picolinohydrazide reveals it to be an N→B‐chelated zwitterionic tetracycle (systematic name: 1‐hydroxy‐11‐oxo‐9,10,17λ⁵‐triaza‐1λ⁴‐boratetracyclo[8.7.0.0^2,7.0^12,17]heptadeca‐3,5,7,12,14,16‐hexaen‐17‐ylium‐1‐uide), C₁₃H₁₀BN₃O₂, produced by the intramolecular addition of the Lewis basic picolinoyl N atom of 1‐hydroxy‐2‐(pyridin‐2‐ylcarbonyl)benzo[d][1,2,3]diazaborinine to the boron heterocycle B atom acting as a Lewis acid. Neither of the other two pyridinylcarbonyl isomers (viz. nicotinoyl and isonicotinoyl) are able to adopt such a structure for geometric reasons. A favored yet reversible chelation equilibrium provides an explanation for the slow D₂O exchange observed for the OH resonance in the ¹H NMR spectrum, as well as for its unusual upfield chemical shift. Deuterium exchange may take place solely in the minor open (unchelated) species present in solution.     

The structure of a new isomer of dicarba-nido-undecaborane(13)

The intramolecular rearrangement involved in the electrophilic methylation of 7,8-B₉C₂H₁₁^2? leads after protonation to the methyl derivative of a new isomer of dicarba-nido-undecaborane(13). By an X-ray structure analysis the latter compound is shown to be 11-methyl-2,7-dicarba-nido-undecaborane(12). It has the structure of an icosahedron with one missing vertex, with the carbon atoms adjacent, one in the open face of the polyhedron and the other in its closed part. The methyl group is attached to the boron atom of the open face bonded to both carbon atoms. The open face has two BHB-bridges which are symmetric relative to its carbon atom. The main interatomic distances are: av. BB 1.794(8), av. BC 1.685(7), CC 1.606(6), BMe 1.551(8), av. BH (terminal) 1.08(3), av. BH (bridging) 1.26(4), av. CH 0.92(4) Å.     

过渡金属硼酸盐K7{(BO3)Zn[B12O18(OH)6]}·H2O的合成与量子化学研究

通过水热的方法合成了一例新的过渡金属硼酸盐K7{(BO3)Zn[B12O18(OH)6]}·H2O(1),并对其进行了红外,热重,能谱以及X-射线单晶衍射和粉末衍射分析。晶体学测试结果表明,化合物1属于正交晶系,Pmn21空间群,晶胞参数a=1.236 51(4)nm,b=0.909 61(3)nm,c=1.304 05(5)nm,V=1.466 72(9)nm3,Z=2,R1=0.049 7,wR2=0.146 8。对{(BO3)Zn[B12O18(OH)6]}7-阴离子簇的量化分析显示此簇中的端基BO3基团对前线分子轨道的贡献最大。除端O原子外,BO3端基的原子电荷较其它B和O原子电荷低。     

Equilibrium study on the reactions of boric acid with some cis -diaqua CrIII-complexes

Substitution inertcis-diaqua Cr^III complexes: cis-[(L^x−)Cr^III(H₂O)₂]^(3−x)+ derived from N-donor ligands (L^x−) viz., bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline (x = 0) and N,O-donor ligands viz., nitrilotriacetate and anthranilate N,N-diacetate (x = 3) titrate as diprotic acids in aqueous solution and enhance the acidity of otherwise weakly acidic boric acid (H₃BO₃) producing mononuclear and binuclear mixed ligand Cr^III-borate complexes: [(L)Cr(H₂BO₄)]^x− and [(L)Cr(BO₄)Cr(L)]^(1−2x)+ respectively through coordination of the H₂O and/or OH⁻ ligands, cis-coordinated in the Cr^III-complexes on the electron deficient B^III-atom in H₃BO₃ with release of protons. Deprotonation of the parent Cr^III-complexes and their reactions with H₃BO₃ have been investigated by potentiometric method in aqueous solution,I = 0.1 mol dm⁻³ (NaNO₃) at 25 ±0.1°C. The equilibrium constants have been evaluated by computerized methods and the tentative stoichiometry of the reactions have been worked out on the basis of the speciation curves     

热处理温度对沥青基硼氮共掺杂多孔炭结构与电化学性能的影响

以煤液化沥青质为碳源、硝酸为氮源、硼酸为硼源和造孔剂制备硼氮共掺杂多孔炭,研究了热处理温度对其孔结构和表面性质的影响,测试了产品作为超级电容器电极材料的性能.用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、N2吸附、元素分析、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、电化学工作站等对材料的结构、组成及电化学性能进行了表征.结果表明:随着热处理温度的升高,产品的石墨化程度逐渐升高;比表面积、总孔容呈先增加后减小的趋势;氮含量随着热处理温度的升高逐渐降低,而硼含量则随着热处理温度的升高逐渐增加;材料的比电容随着热处理温度的升高先逐渐增加后减小.其中900°C热处理的样品比表面积达到1103 m2·g-1,总孔容为0.921 cm3·g-1,氮含量为5.256%(w),硼含量为1.703%(w),在6 mol·L-1KOH电解液中当电流密度为100 mA·g-1时质量比电容为349 F·g-1;而经过1000°C热处理的样品表现出最好的倍率特性,电流密度从100 mA·g-1增加到10A·g-1时比电容保持率为75%.     

(2‐Amino­ethoxy)­bis(2‐thienyl)­boron

In the five‐membered ring in the title compound, (2‐amino­ethoxy)­bis(2‐thienyl)­boron, C₁₀H₁₂BNOS_2, the B atom is four‐coordinate with dimensions N—B 1.654 (3), O—B 1.479 (3), and C—B 1.606 (3) and 1.609 (3) Å. An intermolecular hydrogen bond between an amino H atom and the ethoxy O atom links the mol­ecules into infinite chains along the a axis. Only one of the two amino H atoms is involved in hydrogen bonding because there is only the one acceptor atom, the ethoxy O atom, and the molecular geometry precludes formation of a second hydrogen bond by the second amino H atom.     

Rational Design of Microporous MOFs with Anionic Boron Cluster Functionality and Cooperative Dihydrogen Binding Sites for Highly Selective Capture of Acetylene

Separation of acetylene (C₂H₂) from carbon dioxide (CO₂) or ethylene (C₂H₄) is important in industry but limited by the low capacity and selectivity owing to their similar molecular sizes and physical properties. Herein, we report two novel dodecaborate‐hybrid metal–organic frameworks, MB₁₂H₁₂(dpb)₂ (termed as BSF‐3 and BSF‐3‐Co for M=Cu and Co), for highly selective capture of C₂H₂. The high C₂H₂ capacity and remarkable C₂H₂/CO₂ selectivity resulted from the unique anionic boron cluster functionality as well as the suitable pore size with cooperative proton‐hydride dihydrogen bonding sites (B?H^δ????H^δ+?C≡C?H^δ+???H^δ??B). This new type of C₂H₂‐specific functional sites represents a fresh paradigm distinct from those in previous leading materials based on open metal sites, strong electrostatics, or hydrogen bonding.     

B‐MWW Zeolite: The Case Against Single‐Site Catalysis

Boron‐containing materials have recently been identified as highly selective catalysts for the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of alkanes to olefins. It has previously been demonstrated by several spectroscopic characterization techniques that the surface of these boron‐containing ODH catalysts oxidize and hydrolyze under reaction conditions, forming an amorphous B₂(OH)_xO_(3?x/2) (x=0–6) layer. Yet, the precise nature of the active site(s) remains elusive. In this Communication, we provide a detailed characterization of zeolite MCM‐22 isomorphously substituted with boron (B‐MWW). Using ¹¹B solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, we show that the majority of boron species in B‐MWW exist as isolated BO₃ units, fully incorporated into the zeolite framework. However, this material shows no catalytic activity for ODH of propane to propene. The catalytic inactivity of B‐MWW for ODH of propane falsifies the hypothesis that site‐isolated BO₃ units are the active site in boron‐based catalysts. This observation is at odds with other traditionally studied catalysts like vanadium‐based catalysts and provides an important piece of the mechanistic puzzle.     

B,N Co-Doped Three-Dimensional Carbon Aerogels with Excellent Electrochemical Performance for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Herein, an ordinary and mass-production approach is reported to synthesize boron (B) and nitrogen (N) co-doped three-dimensional (3D) carbon aerogels (CA) by using glucose and borax as the raw materials by a simple hydrothermal method and then carbonization in NH₃ atmosphere. The porous material (BN-CA-900) possesses a large specific surface area (1032 m² g⁻¹) and high contents of doped pyridinic N and graphitic N. The onset potential (0.91 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE), half-wave potential (0.77 V vs. RHE), and current density (5.70 mA cm⁻² at 0.2 V vs. RHE) of BN-CA-900 for ORR are similar to those of commercial Pt/C, indicating that BN-CA-900 has a comparable catalytic activity with Pt/C in alkaline media. The number of electron transfer is 3.86–3.99 and the yield of hydrogen peroxide is less than 6.8 %. BN-CA-900 also presents decent catalytic performance in acidic medium. Moreover, the stability and methanol tolerance of BN-CA-900 are superior to commercial Pt/C in both alkaline and acidic media. The prepared BN-CA-900 is a promising candidate that may be applied in other areas, such as the adsorption of pollution, porous conductive electrodes, and lithium-ion batteries.     

Direct Potentiometric Measurement of NH4H2BO3 Following a Kjeldahl Distillation

Abstract

A method is described for the direct potentiometric measurement of NH₄H₂BO₃, following a Kjeldahl distillation. The NH₃ is distilled into a H₃BO₃ solution, and the activity of the NH₄H₂BO₃ is measured using a cation electrode sensitive to NH₄ ⁺ and an anion electrode sensitive to H₂BO₃. The method has been used to determine nitrogen in dried blood samples with assigned N values, and the potentiometric values agreed with the titrimetric results.     

Oxonium Ions Substituting Cesium Ions in the Structure of the New High‐Pressure Borate HP‐Cs1−x(H3O)xB3O5 (x=0.5–0.7)

The new high‐pressure borate HP‐Cs_1?x(H₃O)_xB₃O₅ (x=0.5–0.7) was synthesized under high‐pressure/high‐temperature conditions of 6 GPa/900 °C in a Walker‐type multianvil apparatus. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c (Z=8) with the parameters a=1000.6(2), b=887.8(2), c=926.3(2) pm, β=103.1(1)°, V=0.8016(3) nm³, R1=0.0452, and wR2=0.0721 (all data). The boron–oxygen network is analogous to those of the compounds HP‐MB₃O₅, (M=K, Rb) and exhibits all three structural motifs of borates—BO₃ groups, corner‐sharing BO₄ tetrahedra, and edge‐sharing BO₄ tetrahedra—at the same time. Channels inside the boron–oxygen framework contain the cesium and oxonium ions, which are disordered on a specific site. Estimating the amount of hydrogen by solid‐state NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction led to the composition HP‐Cs_1?x(H₃O)_xB₃O₅ (x=0.5–0.7), which implies a nonzero phase width.     

N,O-coupling towards the selectively electrochemical production of H2O2

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) synthesis generally involves the energy-intensive anthraquinone process. Alternatively, electrochemical synthesis provides a green, economical, and environmentally friendly route to prepare H₂O₂ via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction, but this process requires efficient catalysts with high activity and selectivity simultaneously. Here, we report an N, O co-doped carbon xerogel-based electrocatalyst (NO-CX) prepared by a simple and economical method. The NO-CX catalyst exhibits a high H₂O₂ selectivity over 90% in a potential range of 0.2–0.6 V and a high H₂O₂ production rate of 1410 mmol g_cat^?1 h^?1. The density functional theory calculations demonstrate that the coupling effect between N and O can effectively induce the redistribution of surface charge and the edge carbon atom adjacent to an ether group and a graphite nitrogen atom is the active site. This work provides a straightforward and low-cost process to produce highly selective H₂O₂ catalysts, which is in place for the expansion of electrocatalytic synthesis of useful chemicals.