共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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离子液体作为潜在的“绿色”溶剂,具有许多传统溶剂无法比拟的优异性能,在有机合成、催化、液液分离和萃取等领域引起了广泛的研究。而在离子液体领域无机材料的制备是一个较新的发展分支,现已利用其合成出多种具有独特结构和性能的无机材料。本文就离子液体在无机材料制备方面的应用及发展趋势进行了综述。目前,对于制备无机材料,离子液体主要是作为电解液、表面活性剂或溶剂,本文介绍了其在应用中的优缺点,并指出该领域未来的发展趋势是离子热合成和集模板-溶剂-反应物于一身的离子液体反应。 相似文献
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Fabio Zappa Dr. Manuel Beikircher Andreas Mauracher Stephan Denifl Dr. Michael Probst Prof. Dr. Natcha Injan Jumras Limtrakul Arntraud Bacher Dr. Olof Echt Prof. Dr. Tilmann D. Märk Prof. Dr. Paul Scheier Prof. Dr. Thomas A. Field Prof. Dr. Karola Graupner 《Chemphyschem》2008,9(4):607-611
A comprehensive analysis of metastable dissociation of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT) parent anions formed by attachment of electrons of controlled energy is presented. We characterize the energy dependence and kinetic energy release of the reaction which competes with autodetachment. A surprising finding is a highly exothermic metastable reaction triggered by the attachment of thermal electrons which we relate to the well‐known electrostatic ignition hazards of DNT and other explosives. Quantum chemical calculations are performed for dinitrobenzene in order to elucidate the process of NO abstraction. 相似文献
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无机合成与制备化学研究进展 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
本文从极端条件合成、软化学合成、特殊凝聚态和聚集态制备、形貌与尺寸修饰、缺陷与价态控制、组合化学合成、计算机辅助合成、理想合成与生物模拟合成等几个侧面, 阐述近年来无机合成与制备化学研究的进展。 相似文献
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Adedoyin N. Adeyemi Rae Ann Earnest Tori Cox Oleg I. Lebedev Julia V. Zaikina 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(6)
The intergrowth of stable and metastable AgInS2 polymorphs was synthesized using a microwave-assisted synthesis. The samples were synthesized in water and in a deep eutectic solvent (DES) consisting of choline chloride and thiourea. An increase in the metal precursor concentration improved the crystallinity of the synthesized samples and affected the particle size. AgInS2 cannot be synthesized from crystalline binary Ag2S or In2S3 via this route. The solution synthesis reported here results in the intergrowth of the thermodynamically stable polymorph (space group I2d, chalcopyrite structure) and the high-temperature polymorph (space group Pna21, wurtzite-like structure) that is metastable at room temperature. A scanning transmission microscopy (STEM) study revealed the intergrowth of tetragonal and orthorhombic polymorphs in a single particle and unambiguously established that the long-thought hexagonal wurtzite polymorph has pseudo-hexagonal symmetry and is best described with the orthorhombic unit cell. The solution-synthesized AgInS2 polymorphs intergrowth has slightly lower bandgap values in the range of 1.73 eV–1.91 eV compared to the previously reported values for tetragonal I2d (1.86 eV) and orthorhombic Pna21 (1.98 eV) polymorphs. 相似文献
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无机纳米材料的合成是纳米科学发展的前提和基础之一。区别于传统的高温湿化学合成法,光化学方法在无机纳米材料的合成中表现出许多优点,并在近年来受到了广泛关注。本文分三个部分综述了近年来光化学方法在无机纳米材料合成中的应用,具体包括贵金属纳米材料的光化学合成与负载,半导体纳米材料的光化学合成以及表面等离子体共振诱导的各向异性金属纳米晶合成。最后,在总结光化学方法在无机纳米材料合成中体现出的优势及目前研究仍存在不足的基础上,我们对其未来可能的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Hui Shen Elli Selenius Pengpeng Ruan Xihua Li Peng Yuan Omar Lopez-Estrada Dr. Sami Malola Dr. Shuichao Lin Prof. Boon K. Teo Prof. Hannu Häkkinen Prof. Nanfeng Zheng 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(38):8465-8470
The conventional synthetic methodology for atomically precise gold nanoclusters by using reduction in solution offers only the thermodynamically most stable nanoclusters. Herein, a solubility-driven isolation strategy is reported to access a metastable gold cluster. The cluster, with the composition of [Au9(PPh3)8]+ ( 1 ), displays an unusual, nearly perfect body-centered cubic (bcc) structure. As revealed by ESI-MS and UV/Vis measurements, the cluster is metastable in solution and converts to the well-known [Au11(PPh3)8Cl2]+ ( 2 ) within just 90 min. DFT calculations revealed that although both 1 and 2 are eight-electron superatoms, there is a driving force to convert 1 to 2 as shown by the increased cohesion and larger HOMO–LUMO energy gap of 2 . The isolation and crystallization of the metastable gold cluster were achieved in a biphasic reaction system in which reduction of gold precursors and crystallization of 1 took place concurrently. This synthetic protocol represents a successful strategy for investigations of other metastable species in metal nanocluster chemistry. 相似文献
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本文以新型无机聚合物的合理合成和物理性能研究为主线, 总结3个系列具有新颖结构聚合物的组装与结构化学规律: (1)通过化学自组装法设计合成出系列金属-有机纳米笼、金属-有机纳米管和金属-有机纳米线.研究了合成金属-有机纳米分子的规律,开辟了一条合成金属-有机纳米分子的新途经.(2)通过结构调控、金属与桥联基元作用,把团簇单元活化后合成一维新型无机聚合物.在研究反应机理过程中分离和表征了大量的中间态产物,从而得到了这类聚合物合理合成的规律.(3)设计合成出二维层状(石墨型)、三维大孔(分子筛型)、金属聚硫及稀土与过渡金属混合4个系列新型的无机聚合物,总结了它们的结构规律和反应规律.在制备合成中既有结构单元自组装的反应又有设计合成的方法.通过系列化合物的结构表征和光、电或磁性能的研究, 探索出系列聚合物具有半导体性能和非线性光学性能,总结出聚合物的结构规律与基本结构单元组装的关系以及结构与性能的关系. 相似文献
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Jos Miranda de Carvalho Cssio Cardoso Santos Pedroso Matheus Salgado de Nichile Saula Maria Claudia Frana Cunha Felinto Hermi Felinto de Brito 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(10)
Luminescent inorganic materials are used in several technological applications such as light-emitting displays, white LEDs for illumination, bioimaging, and photodynamic therapy. Usually, inorganic phosphors (e.g., complex oxides, silicates) need high temperatures and, in some cases, specific atmospheres to be formed or to obtain a homogeneous composition. Low ionic diffusion and high melting points of the precursors lead to long processing times in these solid-state syntheses with a cost in energy consumption when conventional heating methods are applied. Microwave-assisted synthesis relies on selective, volumetric heating attributed to the electromagnetic radiation interaction with the matter. The microwave heating allows for rapid heating rates and small temperature gradients yielding homogeneous, well-formed materials swiftly. Luminescent inorganic materials can benefit significantly from the microwave-assisted synthesis for high homogeneity, diverse morphology, and rapid screening of different compositions. The rapid screening allows for fast material investigation, whereas the benefits of enhanced homogeneity include improvement in the optical properties such as quantum yields and storage capacity. 相似文献
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Dr. Lyle M. Gordon Jessica K. Román Dr. R. Michael Everly Michael J. Cohen Dr. Jonathan J. Wilker Dr. Derk Joester 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(43):11506-11509
Metastable precursors are thought to play a major role in the ability of organisms to create mineralized tissues. Of particular interest are the hard and abrasion‐resistant teeth formed by chitons, a class of rock‐grazing mollusks. The formation of chiton teeth relies on the precipitation of metastable ferrihydrite (Fh) in an organic scaffold as a precursor to magnetite. In vitro synthesis of Fh under physiological conditions has been challenging. Using a combination of X‐ray absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that, prior to Fh formation in the chiton tooth, iron ions are complexed by the organic matrix. In vitro experiments demonstrate that such complexes facilitate the formation of Fh under physiological conditions. These results indicate that acidic molecules may be integral to controlling Fh formation in the chiton tooth. This biological approach to polymorph selection is not limited to specialized proteins and can be expropriated using simple chemistry. 相似文献
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无机材料电子迁移率高、光谱响应范围与太阳光谱匹配,而有机材料价格低廉、合成方法简单、容易制作在基底上,因此在太阳能电池中具有更广阔的应用前景。 目前,阻碍有机太阳能电池发展的主要原因是材料的载流子迁移率低、器件稳定性差、吸收光谱与太阳光谱不匹配,导致光电转换效率较低。 若能将有机、无机材料二者的优点相结合,将可提高有机太阳能电池的能量转换效率。 目前的研究已经取得了一定进展,无机材料在受体层、阴极缓冲层、阳极缓冲层中的应用均不同程度地提高了有机太阳能电池的能量转换效率。 本文综述了目前该领域的研究现状,并对今后的研究提出了展望。 相似文献
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Feng Jia Prof. Shu Zhang Xiaokun Zhang Xiaoli Peng Haitao Zhang Prof. Yong Xiang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(48):15941-15946
Control over phase stabilities during synthesis processes is of great importance for both fundamental studies and practical applications. We describe herein a facile strategy for the synthesis of Cu2Se with phase selectivity through a simple solvothermal method. In the presence and absence of SbCl3, monoclinic α‐Cu2Se and cubic β‐Cu2Se can be synthesized, respectively. The formation of α‐Cu2Se requires optimization of the Cu/Se molar ratio in the starting reagents, the reaction temperature, as well as the timing for the addition of SbCl3. Differential scanning calorimetry of the synthesized α‐Cu2Se has shown that a part of it undergoes a phase transition to β‐Cu2Se at 135 °C, and that this phase transition is irreversible on cooling to ambient temperature. Kinetic studies have revealed that in the presence of Sb species the kinetically favored β‐Cu2Se transforms to the thermodynamically favored α‐Cu2Se. In this β‐to‐α phase transition process, the distribution of Cu ions in β‐Cu2Se, as determined by the Cu/Se ratio and temperature, is likely to play a crucial role. 相似文献