托卡马克删削层与偏滤器中等离子体输运的解析研究

研究了托卡马克删削层和部分偏滤器等离子体的输运问题.利用粒子数守恒和“两点模型”,计算了在有摩擦的情况下,删削层中等离子体的密度分布、温度分布和杂质辐射的功率损失关键词：偏滤器区域删削层等离子体输运     

偏滤器运行模式对托卡马克边缘区等离子体平行流的影响

我们使用一维流体模型,根据在不同偏滤器运行模式下静压强沿着磁力线方向的分布变化,讨论了偏滤器运行模式对托卡马克边缘区等离子体平行流的影响.低再循环模式下,静压强从X点 (X-point)附近的刮削层区域开始明显下降,变化趋势与密度变化趋势一致;等离子体平行流的马赫数在偏滤器区域逐步变大,变化从平缓到迅速.高再循环模式下,静压强在靶板附近的区域迅速下降,在其他区域变化非常小;等离子体平行流的马赫数仅在靠近靶板附近的区域迅速变大,在其他区域变化平缓.在弱脱靶模式下的静压强变化与高再循环模式下类似,不过静压强在X-point附近的刮削层区域开始出现下降的趋势,导致等离子体平行流的马赫数在X-point处的值比在高再循环模式下大.强脱靶模式下,静压强在刮削层区域开始明显下降,在远离靶板的偏滤器区域,静压强迅速下降的地方,观察到高马赫数等离子体平行流.静压强迅速下降引起动压强迅速上升来维持总的压强守恒是在强脱靶状态 下产生高马赫数平行流的一种可能驱动机理.     

Role of poloidal E × B drift in divertor heat transport in DIII-D

Simulations for DIII-D high confinement mode plasmas with the multifluid code UEDGE show a strong role of poloidal E × B drifts on divertor heat transport, challenging the paradigm of conduction-limited scrape-off layer (SOL) transport. While simulations with reduced drift magnitude are well aligned with the assumption that electron heat conduction dominates the SOL heat transport, simulations with drifts predict that the poloidal convective E × B heat transport dominates over electron heat conduction in both attached and detached conditions. As poloidal E × B flow propagates across magnetic field lines, poloidal transport with shallow magnetic pitch angles can reach values that are of the same order as would be provided by sonic flows parallel to the field lines. These flows can lead to strong convection-dominated divertor heat transport, increasing the poloidal volume of radiative power front, consistent with previous measurements at DIII-D. Due to these convective flows, the Lengyel integral approach, assuming zero convective fraction, is expected to provide a pessimistic estimate for the radiative capability of impurities in the divertor. For the DIII-D simulations shown here, the Lengyel integral approach underestimates the radiated power by a factor of 6, indicating that, for reliable DIII-D divertor power exhaust predictions, full two-dimensional (2D) calculations, including drifts, would be necessary.     

The observation of field-aligned current during type-III ELM in EAST

Measurements of current-carrying filaments associated with Type-III edge localized mode (ELM) have recently been made in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak by direct probing of the edge plasma using an advanced, fast-moving electrostatic and magnetic probe system. Contrary to expectations, no current filaments were detected near the separatrix. However, a clear signature of current filament has been observed in the far scrape-off layer (SOL) where the difference of the voltage between the divertor plates connecting a filament is sufficiently large, thus strongly suggesting that the current-carrying filaments form in the SOL, rather than being ejected from the plasma inside the separatrix. These findings provide, for the first time, information on the formation and sustainment of current filaments during type-III ELMy H-modes.     

Transport of meso-scale structures in tokamak edge plasmas

We review possible mechanisms of blobby transport in fusion-related plasmas. The models dealing with the effective plasma gravity and caused by both T _e and parallel shear of E × B drift instabilities are considered.Presented at the Workshop Electric Fields Structures and Relaxation in Edge Plasmas, Nice, France, October 26–27, 2004.     

压力修正算法对刮削层等离子体输运方程数值求解性能的影响

基于C++撰写测试程序,研究SIMPLE(Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations)、SIMPLEC(SIMPLE Consistent)、SIMPLER(SIMPLE Revised)、SIMPLEX(SIMPLE Extrapolation)以及PISO(Pressure-Implicit with Splitting of Operators)等压力修正算法对刮削层等离子体Braginskii输运方程数值求解性能的影响。测试程序采用SOLPS(Scrape-Off Layer Plasma Simulation)的等离子体模型方程,数值计算针对简化平板模型开展。结果表明: 5种压力修正算法均能使程序收敛至正确的结果,其中PISO算法的收敛速度最快,SIMPLE、SIMPLEC、SIMPLER、SIMPLEX的收敛速度无明显差异。     

Power Analysis and Experimental Study of the Fiber Null Coupler with an Acousto-optic Device

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单层光学薄膜中薄膜－衬底体系的双重干涉效应及其应用

提出了单层光学薄膜中薄膜与衬底反射光之间的双重干涉效应的理论，实验结果证实了理论分析的正确性。双重干涉效应使薄膜－衬底体系的热致反射调制度高达８０％，这一效应可望有极广泛的应用     

石墨烯对ZnO微米棒光学特性的影响

采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法制备了具有良好结晶质量和(002)择优取向的ZnO微米棒。在此基础上,选取单根ZnO微米棒,将其部分搁置于单层石墨烯表面。光致发光(PL)谱结果表明,石墨烯不仅增强了ZnO微米棒的紫外发光强度,同时也对光场在ZnO微米棒中的分布有很大的限域作用。分析认为这是由于石墨烯的表面等离子效应引起了ZnO微米棒与石墨烯之间的光-物质相互作用导致的。在拉曼(Raman)光谱中,石墨烯对ZnO微米棒的E₂(L)声子振动模和E₂(H)声子振动模的强度具有明显的减弱效应,这进一步证明二者之间存在光子的传输和电荷的转移,从而导致其晶格振动受到抑制。

     

High efficiency rubrene based inverted top-emission organic light emitting devices with a mixed single layer

Inverted top-emission organic light emitting devices (TEOLEDs) with a mixed single layer by mixing of electron transport materials (PyPySPyPy and Alq₃), hole transport material (α-NPD) and dope material (rubrene) were investigated. Maximum power efficiency of 3.5 lm/W and maximum luminance of 7000 cd/m² were obtained by optimizing the mixing ratio of PyPySPyPy:Alq₃:α-NPD:rubrene=25:50:25:1. Luminance and power efficiency of mixed single layer device were two times improved compared to bi-layer heterojunction device and tri-layer heterojunction device. Lifetime test also shows that the mixed single layer device exhibits longer operational lifetimes of 343 h, which is three times longer than the 109 h for tri-layer device, and two times longer than the 158 h for bi-layer device. In addition, the maximum luminance and power efficiency were obtained at 20,000 cd/m² and 7.5 lm/W, respectively, when a TPD layer of 45 nm was capped onto the top metal electrode.     

载流子迁移率对单层有机发光二极管复合效率的影响

建立了在单层有机发光二极管中电场强度不太大(E≤104Vcm)的情况下,载流子注入、传输和复合的理论模型.通过求解非线性Painleve方程得出了电场强度随坐标变化的解析函数关系式以及电流密度随电压变化关系,给出了电流密度以及器件的复合效率在不同的载流子迁移率情况下随电压变化关系图像.结果表明,复合效率受载流子迁移率影响较大,在器件中多数载流子应具有较低的迁移率,而少数载流子应具有较高的迁移率,这样有利于载流子的注入和传输,从而可提高发光效率.并且得出当空穴迁移率大于电子迁移率时,复合区域偏向阴极,反之亦关键词：单层有机发光二极管复合效率迁移率     

非欧姆注入单层有机发光器件低场下电流传导温度特性的数值研究

温度是影响有机发光器件特性的一个重要因素,考虑了电流的注入限制和体限制之后,运用数值方法,研究了在低电场下温度对单层有机发光器件的J-V特性以及电场和载流子在有机层中的分布的影响。结果表明,在一定电压下,温度升高时,器件电流增大,有机层中载流子及其梯度分布增大,电场强度分布梯度也增大。并且当温度逐渐升高时,器件的电流传导将趋向于体限制,而当温度逐渐降低时,器件电流传导将趋向于注入限制,此时有机层内各处电场强度趋于均匀。并且结果表明,数值结果与实验结果符合得比较好。