首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
The new ternary rhodium borides Mg3Rh5B2 and Sc3Rh5B2 (P4/mbm, Z = 2; a = 943.4(1) pm, c = 292.2(1) pm and a = 943.2(1) pm, c = 308.7(1) pm, respectively) crystallize with the Ti3Co5B2 type structure. Mg and Sc may in part be substituted by a variety of elements M. For M = Si and Fe, homogeneity ranges were found according to A3–xMxRh5B2 with 0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0 for A = Sc and with x up to 1.5 for A = Mg. Quaternary compounds with x = 1 (A2MRh5B2: A/M in short) were prepared with M = Be, Al, Si, P, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Sn (Co, Ni only with A = Mg; Sn only with A = Sc; P, As with deficiencies). Single crystal X‐ray investigations show an ordered substitutional variant of the Ti3Co5B2 type in which the M atoms are arranged in chains along [001] with intrachain and interchain M–M distances of about 300 pm and 660 pm, respectively. Measuring the magnetisation (1.7 K–800 K) of the phases Mg/Mn, Sc/Mn, Mg/Fe, and Sc/Fe reveals antiferromagnetic interactions in the first and dominating ferromagnetic intrachain interactions in the remaining ones. Interchain interactions of antiferromagnetic nature are evident in Sc/Mn and Mg/Fe leading to metamagnetism below TN = 130 K, while Sc/Fe behaves ferromagnetically below TC = 450 K. The overall trend towards stronger ferromagnetic interactions with increasing valence electron concentration is obvious.  相似文献   

2.
Zusammenfassung In den Dreistoffen: Hf–{Mo, W}–B werden ternäre Boride Hf9Mo3B2-x und (Hf, W)12B2-x aufgefunden und strukturell charakterisiert. Gitterparameter und Atomparameter der K (Kappa)-Carbid-ähnlichen Phasen werden bestimmt. Die Schmelzgleichgewichte im System Hf–Mo–B werden fast vollständig ermittelt. Hafnium läßt sich in Hf9Mo3B2-x etwa zur Hälfte durch Zirkonium ersetzen.
Complex borides in the systems hafnium —(molybdenum, tungsten)—boron
Complex borides of formula Hf9Mo3B2-x and (Hf, W)12B2-x have been detected within the ternary systems: Hf–{Mo, W}–B. The lattice and atomic parameters of the K (Kappa) carbide like phases have been determined. Most of the reaction equilibria of the ternary system: Hf–Mo–B have been derived. Hafnium can be substituted by zirconium within Hf9Mo3B2-x up to (Hf0.5Zr0.5)9Mo3B2-x .


Mit 3 Abbildungen  相似文献   

3.
The two isomorphous compounds LaCrOS2 and LaCrOSe2 are ferromagnetic (Tc = 35 and 51 K, respectively). This implies ferromagnetic super-superexchange interactions. NdCrOS2 is antiferromagnetic (TN = 72 K) and undergoes a spin-flop transition (Hc = 54 KOe at 20 K). The study of the thermal variation of Cr3+ and Nd3+ magnetic moments below TN allows a rough estimate of the Cr---Nd and Cr---Cr exchange fields ratio (0.1).  相似文献   

4.
Zusammenfassung Legierungen in den Systemen: {Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta}-{Ni, Cu, Ag, Au}-{Zn, Al, Ga, Sn, Pb} werden aus den Komponenten vorzugsweise im Verhältnis 50–60 At%T-, 10–30 At% 8a-und 1b-Metall und 15–40 At% 2b–4b-Metall hergestellt. Die Phasen Zr3Cu2Zn, Zr3Ag2Zn, Zr3Au2Al, Hf3Cu2Zn, Hf3Au2Al kristallisieren im Ti2Ni-Typ bzw. in einer Variante desselben. Hf5Sn4 ist mit Ti5Ga4 isotyp, dagegen lassen sich homogene Legierungen mit fast gleicher Struktur wie Zr5Pb3Cu, Hf5Sn3Ni, Hf5Sn3Cu und Hf5Pb3Cu ebensogut zum aufgefüllten Mn5Si3-Typ zählen. Die kleinen Ni- und Cu-Atome übernehmen dabei die Rolle von Nichtmetallen. V3(Au,Ga)2Nx, Nb3(Au,Ga)2Nx und Ta3(Au,Ga)2Nx besitzen ein metallisches Wirtgitter vom -Mangan-Typ; bei Nb3Au2 scheint die Anwesenheit von Stickstoff (Sauerstoff) zur Stabilisierung des -Mn-Carbid-Typs erforderlich. Die in der Literatur1 angegebene Phase Nb55Au45 mit -Mn-Typ konnte in stickstoff-freien (binären) Legierungen nicht erhalten werden.
Alloys within the ternary systems: {Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta}-{Ni, Cu, Ag, Au}-{Zn, Al, Ga, Sn, Pb} have been prepared mainly in the domain of 50–60 a/oT, 10–30 a/o 8a- and 1b-metal and 15–40 a/o 2b–4b-metal. The phases Zr3Cu2Zn, Zr3Ag2Zn, Zr3Au2Al, Hf3Cu2Zn, Hf3Au2Al are found to be isostructural with the Ti2Ni-type. Hf5Sn4 crystallizes with Ti5Ga4-type, while homogenous samples having almost the same crystal structure such as Zr5Pb3Cu, Hf5Sn3Ni, Hf5Sn3Cu and Hf5Pb3Cu can also be considered as a filled Mn5Si3-structure. The small Ni- and Cu-atoms do play the same role as non metal atoms. V3(Au, Ga)2Nx, Nb3(Au, Ga)2Nx and Ta3(Au, Ga)2Nx possess a partially ordered parent lattice of the -manganese-type.It appears however that for stabilization of Nb3Au2 non metals, such as oxygen, nitrogen or carbon have to be present. The phase of formula Nb55Au45 having -Mn-structure reported in the literature cannot be observed in purely binary Nb-Au-alloys.
  相似文献   

5.
Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, daß die Oktaederlücken des Re3B-Typs in obigen Systemen teilweise durch Sauerstoff aufgefüllt werden. Die Auffüllungsbereichex der Phasen Zr3CoO x , Zr3NiO x , Hf3CoO x und Hf3NiO x werden studiert.
On the filled upRe 3 B-type in the systems(Zr, Hf)–(Fe, Co, Ni)–O
It is shown that the octahedral voids of the Re3B-type are partially filled up by oxygen in the above systems. The homogenous ranges ofx of the phases Zr3CoO x , Zr3NiO x , Hf3CoO x , and Hf3NiO x are studied.


Mit 2 Abbildungen  相似文献   

6.
Zusammenfassung In den Dreistoffen: Ti{Zr, Hf, Nb}–(Cu, Ag)–(Al, Ga) werden aus den Komponenten im Bereich von 50 At%T, 20–40 At% (Cu, Ag) und 10–30 At% (Al, Ga) Legierungen hergestellt und röntgenographisch untersucht. Es werden ternäre Phasen mit der ungefähren Zusammensetzung Ti(Cu, Al)2, Zr3Cu2Al, Zr3Ag2Al, Hf3Cu2Al, Hf3Ag2Al und Nb3Cu2Ga aufgefunden. Die erstgenannte Kristallart gehört zum MgZn2-Typ, während die übrigen mit der E 93-Struktur isotyp sind. Die Phasen mit E 93-Typ können geringe Mengen an Nichtmetall (N, O) enthalten.
The ternary compounds Ti(Cu, Al)2, Zr3Cu2Al, Zr3Ag2Al, Hf3Cu2Al, Hf3Ag2Al and Nb3Cu2Ga have been prepared and examined. It has been shown that Ti(Cu, Al)2 possesses the MgZn2 structure, while the other compounds crystallize in the E 93-type. The latter phases presumably contain a small amount of non-metals (N, O).


T = Übergangsmetall.  相似文献   

7.
Abstract. Twenty five ternary phosphides crystallizing with four different but closely related structure types were prepared using elemental tin as a flux. Their lattice constants are reported. New compounds include Sc2Fe12P7, Sc3.6Fe10.4P7, Y2Co12P7, and Hf2T12P7 with T = Fe, Co, Ni. They crystallize with the hexagonal Zr2Fe12P7 type structure, which was refined from single‐crystal X‐ray data of Sc3.6Fe10.4P7: a = 944.1(1) pm, c = 363.4(1) pm, R = 0.041 for 719 unique structure factors and 23 variable parameters. The excess scandium atoms occupy one of the four iron sites of the Zr2Fe12P7 type structure which has a higher coordination number than the other three iron sites. The two isotypic phosphides Sc2Fe12P7 and Sc3.6Fe10.4P7 do not form a continuous series of solid solutions. The new compounds Sc2Co4P3 and Sc2Ni4P3 are isotypic with Hf2Co4P3. This hexagonal structure was refined for Sc2Co4P3 from single crystal data: a = 1211.5(2) pm, c = 363.7(1) pm, R = 0.025 for 500 Fo and 38 variables. Other new compounds reported are Sc5Ni19P12, Zr5Fe19P12, Hf5Fe19P12, and Hf5Co19P12 which crystallize with Sc5Co19P12 type structure, and the Yb6Co30P19 type phosphides Sc6Co30P19, Zr6Co30P19, and Hf6Co30P19. The structural relationships of these ternary phosphides are discussed with special attention to the environments of the transition metal atoms.  相似文献   

8.
We perform a systematic study on the geometry, stability, nature of bonding, and potential energy surface of low‐lying isomers of planar and cyclic BnN2 (n = 1?6) at the CCSD(T)/6‐311+G(d)//B3LYP/6‐311+G(d) level. BnN2 (n = 2?4) clusters are structurally similar to pure boron clusters. The evolution of the binding energy per atom, incremental binding energy, and second‐order difference of total energy with the size of BnN2 reveals that the lowest energy isomer of B3N2 has high stability. B5N2 and B6N2 possess π‐aromaticity according to Hückel (4n + 2) rule. The aromaticity of some isomers of B4N2 and B6N2 is examined based on their valence molecular orbitals. At the CCSD(T)/6‐311+G(d)//B3LYP/6‐311+G(d) level, several B2N2, B3N2, B4N2, and B5N2 isomers are predicted to be stable both thermodynamically and kinetically, and detectable in future experiments. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

9.
Polycrystalline samples of two complex intermetallic borides Zr2Fe1−δRu5+δB2 and Zr2Fe1−δ(Ru1−xRhx)5+δB2 (δ=ca. 0.10; x=0.20) were synthesized by high-temperature methods and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and magnetization measurements. Both structures are variants of Sc2Fe(Ru1−xRhx)5B2 and crystallize in the space group P4/mbm (no. 127) with the Ti3Co5B2-type structure. These structures contain single-atom, Fe-rich Fe/Ru or Fe/Ru/Rh chains along the c-axis with an interatomic metal-metal distance of 3.078(1) Å, a feature which makes them viable for possible low-dimensional temperature-dependent magnetic behavior. Magnetization measurements indicated weak ferrimagnetic ordering with ordering temperatures ca. 230 K for both specimens. Tight-binding electronic structure calculations on a model “Zr2FeRu5B2” using LDA yielded a narrow peak at the Fermi level assigned to Fe-Fe antibonding interactions along the c-axis, a result that indicates an electronic instability toward ferromagnetic coupling along these chains. Spin-polarized calculations of various magnetic models were examined to identify possible magnetic ordering within and between the single-atom, Fe-rich chains.  相似文献   

10.
Novel hydride phases with H/M > 1 based on Zr2Pd, Hf2Pd, and Hf2Cu (structures of the MoSi2, type) have been synthesized at high H2 pressures. The X-ray diffraction investigations of the resulting hydrides have been carried out. Some factors determining the maximum hydrogen content in the hydrides of intermetallic compounds are discussed. A model structure of the hydrides obtained is proposed, which assumes the possibility of direct H-H interactions when the interatomic distances are less than 1 Å.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 843–845, May, 1993.  相似文献   

11.
The phases Zr3Fe, Zr3CoO x (x=0,35;1);Zr3NiO x (x=0,2; 1); Hf3NiO are measured magnetically in the range between 1300°K and 90°K. Whereas Zr3Fe is ferromagnetic, the other isotypical structures are paramagnetic.

Mit 2 Abbildungen  相似文献   

12.
Fifteen new ternary antimonides T5T' 1‐xSb2+x were synthesized by reaction of the elemental components in an arc‐melting furnace. They crystallize with a tetragonal structure first reported for Nb5SiSn2 (space group I4/mcm, Z = 4.) A structure refinement from four‐circle X‐ray diffractometer data of Hf5Fe1‐xSb2+x (a = 1086.0(1) pm, c = 550.1(1) pm, R = 0.033 for 270 structure factors and 18 variable parameters) showed deviations from the ideal occupancy for two atomic sites, resulting in the composition Hf4.929(3)Fe0.67(1)Sb2.33(1). Structure refinements from X‐ray powder data resulted in the formula Ti5Ni0.45(2)Sb2.55(2), while no deviation from the ideal composition was observed for Ti5RhSb2. The crystal structures of these compounds are discussed together with those of related binary and ternary compounds.  相似文献   

13.
First-principles, density-functional studies of several intermetallic borides of the general type M2M′Ru5−nRhnB2 (n=0-5; M=Sc, Ti, Nb; M′=Fe, Co) show that the variation in saturation magnetic moment with valence-electron count follows a Slater-Pauling curve, with a maximum moment occurring typically at 66 valence electrons. The magnetic moments in these compounds occur primarily from the 3d electrons of the magnetically active M′ sites, with some contribution from the Ru/Rh sites via magnetic polarization. Electronic DOS curves reveal that a rigid-band approach is a reasonable approximation for the estimation of saturation moments and the analysis of orbital interactions in this family of complex borides. COHP analyses of the M′−M′ orbital interactions indicate optimized interactions in the minority spin states for Co-containing phases, but strong bonding interactions remaining in Fe-containing phases.  相似文献   

14.
In order to reveal electronic properties of a plutonium-gallium intermetallic compound (Pu3Ga), and its potential implication for microscopic mechanisms for effects of Ga doping on the electronic and structural properties, as well as the phase stability of delta-phase Pu Ga alloy, a first principles calculation on the magnetic properties of this system is implemented by using density functional theory (DFT) plus on-site Coulomb repulsion U with nonmagnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic (AFM) orders, while the intermediate correlation effect, which is beyond the scope of pure itinerant and localized electronic model, is investigated by using a many-body technique combining DFT and dynamical mean-field theory considering the dynamical correlation effect due to the incompletely filled Pu 5f orbitals and the relativistic effect by inclusion of spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Our findings show that Pu3Ga is a bad metal with AFM order, which is in good agreement with the experimental magnetic measurement. SOC further splitting Pu 5f states into j = 5/2 and j = 7/2 manifolds, the former exhibits metallic character, while the latter insulating feature. Occupation analysis establishes that an average occupancy of Pu 5f electrons in Pu3Ga is nf = 4.9598, this result together with the spectrum function indicates that 5f electrons in this system might be a localized state with strong valence fluctuation. Additionally, optimization of lattice parameter, density of state, and momentum-resolved electronic spectrum function are also presented.  相似文献   

15.
EuPdGe was prepared from the elements by reaction in a sealed tantalum tube in a high-frequency furnace. Magnetic susceptibility measurements show Curie-Weiss behavior above 60 K with an experimental magnetic moment of 8.0(1)μB/Eu indicating divalent europium. At low external fields antiferromagnetic ordering is observed at TN=8.5(5) K. Magnetization measurements indicate a metamagnetic transition at a critical field of 1.5(2) T and a saturation magnetization of 6.4(1)μB/Eu at 5 K and 5.5 T. EuPdGe is a metallic conductor with a room-temperature value of 5000±500 μΩ cm for the specific resistivity. 151Eu Mössbauer spectroscopic experiments show a single europium site with an isomer shift of δ=−9.7(1) mm/s at 78 K. At 4.2 K full magnetic hyperfine field splitting with a hyperfine field of B=20.7(5) T is observed. Density functional calculations show the similarity of the electronic structures of EuPdGe and EuPtGe. T-Ge interactions (T=Pd, Pt) exist in both compounds. An ionic formula splitting Eu2+T0Ge2− seems more appropriate than Eu2+T2+Ge4− accounting for the bonding in both compounds. Geometry optimizations of EuTGe (T=Ni, Pt, Pd) show weak energy differences between the two structural types.  相似文献   

16.
Zusammenfassung Im Zweistoff: Zr–Al bzw. Hf–Al werden zwei neue Kristallarten Zr2Al und Hf2Al mit CuAl2-Struktur nachgewiesen; die Parameter sind:a=6,840 bzw. 6,762 undc=5,490 bzw. 5,374 kX·E. In den Dreistoffen: Zr–Al–Si und Hf–Al–Si besteht jeweils ein lückenloser Übergang zwischen den isotypen Phasen Zr2Al und Zr2Si bzw. Hf2Al und Hf2Si.  相似文献   

17.
Because of the low absorption cross‐section for thermal neutrons of zirconium (Zr) as opposed to hafnium (Hf), Zr‐metal must essentially be Hf‐free (<100 ppm Hf) to be suitable for use in nuclear reactors. However, Zr and Hf always occur together in nature, and due to very similar chemical and physical properties, their separation is particularly difficult. Separation can be achieved by traditional liquid–liquid extraction or extractive distillation processes, using Zr(Hf)Cl4 as feedstock. However, the production of K2Zr(Hf)F6 via the plasma dissociation route, developed by the South African Nuclear Energy Corporation Limited (Necsa), could facilitate the development of an alternative separation process. In this theoretical study, the results of density‐functional theory (DFT) simulations of K2Zr(1‐z)HfzF6 solid solutions [using Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package (CASTEP)] are presented, for which the supercell approach was applied in an attempt to determine whether solid solution formation during crystallization from aqueous solutions (fractional crystallization) is thermodynamically possible, which would hinder the separation efficiency of this method. Consequently, the calculated thermodynamic properties of mixing were used to evaluate the separation efficiency of Zr and Hf by fractional crystallization using a thermodynamic model to calculate the relative distribution coefficients. The small mixing enthalpies that were calculated from the DFT results, indicates that lattice substitution of Zr(IV) by Hf(IV) in K2ZrF6 could occur with relative ease. This is not surprising, considering the close similarities between Zr and Hf, and it was therefore concluded that K2Zr(1‐z)HfzF6 solid solution formation might well restrict the separation efficiency of Zr and Hf by fractional crystallization of K2Zr(Hf)F6. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011  相似文献   

18.
Physical properties of NdPd2Ge2 and NdAg2Ge2, crystallizing with the tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type crystal structure, were investigated by means of magnetic, calorimetric, electrical transport as well as by neutron diffraction measurements. The specific heat studies and neutron diffraction measurements were performed down to 0.30 K and 0.47 K, respectively. Both compounds exhibit antiferromagnetic ordering below TN equal to 1.5 K for NdPd2Ge2 and 1.8 K for NdAg2Ge2. Neutron diffraction data for the latter germanide indicate antiferromagnetic collinear structure described by the propagation vector k=(0.5, 0, 0.5). The Nd magnetic moments equal to 2.24(5) μB at 0.47 K are aligned along the a-axis and have the +− sequence within the crystal unit cell. For NdPd2Ge2 only very small Bragg peaks of magnetic origin were observed in the neutron diffraction patterns measured below TN, thus hampering determination of the magnetic structure. Both compounds exhibit metallic-like electrical conduction. From the specific heat data the crystal electric field (CEF) levels schemes were determined. Difference between the overall CEF splitting in the two compounds is correlated with their structural parameters.  相似文献   

19.
Single crystals of iron(II) pyroborate, Fe2B2O5, were prepared at 1000–1050 °C under an argon atmosphere. The crystals were transparent, yellowish in color and needle-like or columnar. The crystal structure of Fe2B2O5 was analyzed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Refined triclinic unit cell parameters were a=3.2388(2), b=6.1684(5), c=9.3866(8) Å, α=104.613(3)°, β=90.799(2)° and γ=91.731(2)°. The final reliability factors of refinement were R1=0.020 and wR2=0.059 [I > 2σ(I)]. Transmittance over 50% in the visible light region from 500 to 750 nm was observed for a single crystal of Fe2B2O5 with a thickness of about 0.3 mm. The light absorption edge estimated from a diffuse reflectance spectrum was at around 350 nm (3.6 eV). Magnetic susceptibility was measured for single crystals at 4–300 K. Fe2B2O5 showed antiferromagnetic behavior below the Néel temperature, TN≈70 K, and the Weiss temperature was TW=36 K. The effective magnetic moment of Fe was 5.3μB.  相似文献   

20.
The two‐dimensional (2D) layer CuII compound [Cu3(L)2(N3)4] ( 1 ) [L = 2‐amino‐3‐(5‐tetrazole)‐methyate‐N‐pyridine] was synthesized by in‐situ hydrothermal reaction of CuCl2 · 2H2O, NaN3, and 3‐(5‐tetrazole)‐methyate‐N‐pyridine. The central Cu1 and Cu2 atoms are located in five‐coordinate and six‐coordinate arrangements, respectively. Three CuII ions are linked by mixed double EO (end‐on)‐azido‐tetrazole bridges to give trinuclear CuII clusters, which are further extended by EE (end‐to‐end) azido bridges to form 2D metal‐organic layers. The magnetic exchange interactions in complex 1 were investigated by DFT calculations, and the calculated exchange interaction (J = –849 cm–1) revealed that the double EO‐azido‐tetrazole bridges transmit antiferromagnetic coupling between CuII ions.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号