Synthesis of New 2-Aryl-4-[1,2-bis(dialkoxyphosphoryl)vinyl]-5-ethoxy-1,3-oxazoles

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - A series of new substituted phosphonylated 1,3-oxazoles, 2-aryl-4-[1,2-bis(dialkoxyphosphoryl)vinyl]-5-ethoxy-1,3-oxazoles, was obtained by the reaction of...     

New easy approach to the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted and 2,4,5-trisubstituted 1,3-oxazoles. The reaction of 1-(methylthio)acetone with nitriles

The reaction of 1-(methylthio)acetone with different nitriles in the presence of triflic anhydride led to the one-pot formation of 2-substituted 5-methyl-4-methylthio-1,3-oxazoles in good yield. 1,2- and 1,4-Bisozaxolyl-substituted benzenes were obtained when the reaction was carried out using aromatic dinitriles. The methylthio group at the C4 position of the oxazole ring was easily removed with Raney nickel to form 2-substituted 5-methyl-1,3-oxazoles in good yields. 4-Methylsulfonyl derivatives were prepared by the oxidation of the MeS group with m-CPBA. The proposed mechanism for the formation of oxazoles involves an unstable 1-(methylthio)-2-oxopropyl triflate, which was detected from the low-temperature NMR spectra.     

Synthesis and products of hydrolysis of 2-methyl-5-(β-arylacrylyl)-2-oxazolines

The condensation of 2-methyl-5-acetyl-2-oxazolines with p-R-substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of bases gave the corresponding 2-methyl-5-(-aryl-acrylyl)-2-oxazolines, the hydrolysis of which with hydrochloric acid leads to hydrochlorides of alkyl-substituted 1-(p-R-styryl)-2-acetoxy-3-aminobutan-1-ones. Treatment of the latter with bases gives 1-(p-R-styryl)-2-hydroxy-3-N-acetyl-2, 3-alkylbutan-1-ones.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1025–1027, August, 1982.     

Synthesis and hydrodynamic properties of star poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazolines) and poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazines) based on sulfochlorinated calix[4]arene initiator

New four-arm star poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazolines) and poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazines) were synthesized using sulfochlorinated calix[4]arene derivative as a multifunctional initiator. Their characteristics were investigated by gel permeation chromatography, light scattering and viscometry. The polymer stars obtained were shown to have well-defined architecture and high intramolecular density.     

Synthesis of 2-(α-Hydroxyalkyl)-2-Oxazoline under Microwave Irradiation in Bluk

Four 2-(α-hydroxyalkyl)-2-oxazolines and a 2-(α-hydroxy-α,α-diphenyl)-2-benzooxazole were synthesized from β-amimoalcohols and α-hydroxy carboxylic acids under microwave irradiation in the absence of a solvent.     

A modified approach to 2-(N-aryl)-1,3-oxazoles: application to the synthesis of the IMPDH inhibitor BMS-337197 and analogues

[structure: see text] A modified approach to the synthesis of 2-(N-aryl)-1,3-oxazoles, employing an optimized iminophosphorane/heterocumulene-mediated methodology, and its application to the synthesis of BMS-337197, a potent inhibitor of IMPDH, are described.     

Regioselective formation of 2,5-disubstituted oxazoles via copper(i)-catalyzed cycloaddition of acyl azides and 1-alkynes

The reaction of 1-alkynes with acyl azides in the presence of [Tpm(*,Br)Cu(NCMe)]BF(4) [Tpm(*,Br) = tris(3,5-dimethyl-4-bromopyrazolyl)methane] as the catalyst provides 2,5-oxazoles in moderate to high yields. This is a novel transformation of the CuAAC type that constitutes a significant variation of the commonly observed [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction to yield 1,2,3-triazoles.     

Synthesis and emulsion copolymerization of amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) macromonomer possessing a vinyl ester group

The present article describes the synthesis and emulsion copolymerization of a block-type amphiphilic poly(2-oxazoline) macromonomer possessing a polymerizable vinyl ester group. The macromonomer was synthesized by one-pot two-stage block copolymerization of 2-oxazolines using vinyl iodoacetate as initiator. 2-Methyl- and 2-n-butyl-2-oxazolines were employed for the construction of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments, respectively. The surface activities evaluated by the surface tension of the macromonomer in water were fairly good. Emulsion copolymerization of vinyl acetate with the macromonomer was carried out. The macromonomer acted as a polymeric surfactant, as well as a comonomer. The resulting copolymer latex particles were spherical and their diameter was in the sub-micron range. The effects of the composition of the macromonomer on the emulsion copolymerization and the resulting latex particles were examined. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Sulfur(iv)-mediated umpolung α-heterofunctionalization of 2-oxazolines

The α-umpolung of carbonyl compounds significantly expands the boundaries of traditional carbonyl chemistry. Despite various umpolung methods available today, reversing the inherent reactivity of carbonyls still remains a substantial challenge. In this article, we report the first use of sulfonium salts, in lieu of well-established hypervalent iodines, for the carbonyl umpolung event. The protocol enables the incorporation of a wide variety of heteroatom nucleophiles into the α-carbon of 2-oxazolines. The success of this investigation hinges on the following factors: (1) the use of sulfoxides, which are abundant, structurally diverse and tunable, and easily accessible, ensures the identification of a superior oxidant namely phenoxathiin sulfoxide for the umpolung reaction; (2) the “assembly/deprotonation” protocol previously developed for rearrangement reactions in our laboratory was successfully applied here for the construction of α-umpoled 2-oxazolines.

Aryl sulfonium salts serving as a new type of carbonyl umpolung reagent enable direct α-heterofunctionalization of 2-oxazolines.     

4,5-dihydroisoxazoles from arylcyclopropanes: II. Reaction of arylcyclopropanes with nitrosyl chloride activated by sulfur(VI) oxide

Arylcyclopropanes react with nitrosyl chloride activated by sulfur(VI) oxide to give the corresponding 5-aryl-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazoles in quantitative yields. The complex NOC1·2SO₃ is a highly efficient nitrosating agent which makes it possible to involve in the process arylcyclopropanes having both donor and acceptor substituents in the aromatic ring.     

2-芳基-3-N-乙酰基-5-(4-甲氧苯基)-1,3,4-噁唑啉类化合物的合成

4-甲氧基苯甲酰肼与芳醛反应得到相应的酰腙(2),2与乙酸酐脱水环化合成了标题化合物,其结构经1H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析表征。     

Decoration of 1,3-oxazole by alkyl substituents via CH activation (microreview)

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds - Microreview describes recent advances in the synthesis of alkyl-substituted 1,3-oxazoles via CH activation reaction. The latest selected examples...     

Chiral 2-(2-Diphenylphosphinophenyl)-oxazolines: Synthesis and Use in Pd-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation

The synthesis of 2-(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)-oxazolines from o-fluoroben-zonitrile and (-)-norephedrine or (+)-endo-2-hydroxy-endo-3-aminobornane is described. The Pa-catalyzed alkylation of (E)-1,3-diphenylallyl acetate with the sodium salt of dimethylmalonate using these chiral ligands occurs with an 82–87% yield and 88–93% ee.     

A Simple Route to New N(3)-Substituted 5-Aryl-2-(dialkylamino)-1,3-oxazolium Salts and N(1)-Substituted 4-Aryl-2-(dialkylamino)-1H-imidazoles

In the reaction of N,N-dialkyl-dichloromethaniminium chlorides 11 with 2-aminoacetophenones 12 , a general and simple route to heretofore unknown 5-aryl-substituted 2-(dialkylamino)-1,3-oxazolium salts 13 and 5-aryl-substituted 2-(dialkylamino)oxazoles 14 was found. From the 2-(dialkylamino)-1,3-oxazoles 14 , the corresponding oxazolium salts 13 were obtained after alkylation with (MeO)₂SO₂. The new oxazolium salts 13 were converted to 1-substituted 4-aryl-2-(dialkylamino)-1H-imidazoles 9 by treatment with NH₄OAc. The possible use of these 1H-imidazoles as dye educts was explored. Analytical data, as well as AM1 calculations, reveal some remarkable differences between the structures of the neutral imidazoles 9 and their positively charged oxazolium precursors 13 .     

Reaction of 2-aryl(methyl)-4-cyano-5-hydrazino-1,3-oxazoles with aryl Isothiocyanates

Accessible 2-aryl(methyl)-4-cyano-5-hydrazino-1,3-oxazoles add to aryl isothiocyanates. The resulting products undergo recyclization to form new 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives bearing an acylamino group on C² and an (acylamino)(cyano)methyl group on C⁵. The structure of the new compounds was proved by their IR and ¹H NMR spectra, as well as by conversion in other 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives.     

Oxaziridine-mediated enantioselective aminohydroxylation of styrenes catalyzed by copper(II) bis(oxazoline) complexes

We report an oxaziridine-mediated enantioselective aminohydroxylation of olefins catalyzed by a chiral copper(II) bis(oxazoline) complex. A variety of styrenic olefins undergo efficient aminohydroxylation with excellent regioselectivity and synthetically useful levels of enantioselectivity (up to 84% ee). The reaction can be conducted on multi-gram scale with as little as 2 mol % of the copper(II) catalyst. Hydrolysis of the resulting 1,3-oxazolines under acidic conditions produces N-sulfonyl amino alcohols that can be purified by recrystallization to afford very high levels of enantioselectivity.     

Synthesis, microwave-assisted polymerization, and polymer properties of fluorinated 2-phenyl-2-oxazolines: a systematic study

We present a detailed systematic study of the synthesis and ability of fluorinated 2-phenyl-2-oxazolines to undergo polymerization. The synthesis of these compounds is based on a two-step procedure that gives the desired 2-oxazolines in moderate-to-good yields. All the compounds were fully characterized by IR and NMR ((1)H, (13)C, and (19)F) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The 2-oxazolines were subsequently used as monomers for living cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP) with microwave irradiation as the heat source (T=140 degrees C), nitromethane as the solvent, and methyl tosylate as the initiator. The linear first-order kinetic plots of the polymerizations accompanied by a linear increase of the molecular weight with conversion and low polydispersity index (PDI) values (generally below 1.30) indicate a living polymerization mechanism. The resulting polymerization rates reflect a strong sensitivity to the quantity of fluorine substituents in general and the presence or absence of ortho-fluoro substituents of the phenyl ring in particular. All the polymers were isolated and characterized by size-exclusion chromatography and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Finally, a detailed investigation of selected polymer properties was performed by using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and contact-angle measurements, thus resulting in structure-property relationships. Whereas the thermal properties of the polymers are mostly influenced by the presence of ortho-fluoro substituents, the surface properties are mainly determined by the presence of para- and/or meta-fluoro substituents.     

Acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazepin-5(4H)ones

2-Phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxazepin-5(4H)ones (I) were converted into 2-(o-hydroxyaryl)-5-plienyl-2-oxazolines (II) and 3,4-diliydro-4-plienyl-8-hydroxyisoearbostyrils (III) by concentrated sulfuric acid. The ratio of II and III is dependent upon substituents present in the aromatic ring of the parent benzoxazepinones.     

The preparation of aryl 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-phenyl-4-trifluoromethyl-5-imidazolyl sulfides and sulfones

A series of aryl 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-phenyl-4-trifluoromethyl-5-imidazolyl sulfides was prepared by displacement of fluoride from the 5-position of 1-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-phenyl-4-trifluoromethyl-5-fluoroimidazole by substituted thiophenols and by benzyl mercaptan. This displacement reaction occurs much more slowly than the corresponding previously described reactions of 4-trifluoromethyl-5-fluorothiazoles and -oxazoles. Several solvent-base pairs were examined; the reaction was found to work best when dimethyl sulfoxide was used as the solvent and diazabicycloundecene as the base. The sulfides were oxidized to sulfones by treatment with hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid.     

Carbazole substituted N-acylated linear polyethylenimines (PEI). synthesis and characterization of poly[N-(9-carbazolyl)acetylethylenimine] and poly[N-(2-(9-carbazolyl))propanoylethylenimine]

The synthesis of carbazola substituted N-acylated polyethylenimines, namely, poly[N-(9-carbazolyl)acetylethylenimine] 20 and poly[N-(2-(9-carbazolyl))propanoylethylenimine] 21 by a grafting reaction onto PEI and isomerization polymerization of the carbazole substituted 2-oxazolines is reported. A complete acylation of amino groups in PEI by the 9-carbazolylacetyl groups was achieved by the p-nitrophenyl active ester method but PEI was only partially N-acylated by the 2-(9-carbazolyl)propanoyl groups under similar reaction conditions. The carbazole substituted 2-oxazolines, namely, 2-(9-carbazolyl)methyl-2-oxazoline 18 and (R,S)-2-[1-(9-carbazolyl)]ethyl-2-oxazoline 19 , were prepared by a base induced cyclization of ß-chloroamides. The ring-opening isomerization polymerization of 18 and 19 in the molten state with a cationic initiator (dimethyl sulfate, methyl triflate, or ethylene glycol ditosylate) gave 20 and 21. Gel permeation chromatography of 20 and 21 obtained with different monomerto-initiator ratios gave evidence of a chain transfer reaction with the monomer. The polymers were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, and ¹H-NMR spectroscopy.