不饱和聚酯/玻璃纤维复合材料的研究

综述了国内外近年来不饱和聚酯(UPR)/玻璃纤维复合材料的研究与开发的进展,包括不饱和聚酯用量对不饱和聚酯/玻璃纤维复合材料介电性能的影响,光和高能辐射对玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料老化性能的影响。重点介绍了不饱和聚酯组成、界面改性、防收缩剂和玻璃纤维分布对玻璃纤维/不饱和聚酯树脂复合材料性能的影响。     

聚乳酸-木粉-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝乙烯辛烯共聚物复合材料的制备及性能

选用甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝乙烯辛烯共聚物(POE-GMA)和聚乳酸、木粉在Haake转矩流变仪中熔融共混.通过拉伸、冲击、差示扫描量热、扫描电镜等测试方法对共混复合材料的性能进行了研究.结果表明:聚乳酸木塑复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲性能随POE-GMA添加量的增加而减小；POE-GMA的加入使聚乳酸木塑复合材料的结晶温度下降,结晶度升高；当m(PLA)∶m(WF)∶m(POE-GMA)=80∶20∶20时,复合材料的表面自由能最低,接触角最大,吸水性最低；随着木粉含量的增加,复合材料的起始热降解温度降低,POE-GMA的含量增加对聚乳酸木塑复合材料的起始热降解温度影响不大.     

填充改性聚甲醛复合材料增容体系研究进展

本文综述了国内外近几年通过接枝处理、偶联处理、插层处理、酸碱活化、有机填充等不同增容方法在纳米颗粒填充改性聚甲醛复合材料中的应用与研究进展,并对增容填充改性聚甲醛复合材料的研究前景进行了展望.     

石墨烯改性硅橡胶研究进展

依据硅橡胶优异的热稳定性,有望应用于航天航空领域,但由于其自身的力学性能较差限制了它的应用。本文综述了力学性能、电性能和热稳定性优异的石墨烯改性硅橡胶的应用研究。介绍了石墨烯改性硅橡胶复合材料的四种制备方法——乳液共混法、溶液共混法、熔融共混法和机械共混法,重点综述了机械共混法制备石墨烯改性硅橡胶复合材料,比较并分析了石墨烯改性硅橡胶复合材料性能影响因素及其研究现状,发现国内外研究石墨烯改性硅橡胶主要用于硅橡胶的电性能研究,最后,对石墨烯改性硅橡胶复合材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

碳纤维表面改性研究进展

碳纤维因其优异的综合性能常被用作树脂基体的增强材料.然而由于碳纤维与树脂基体之间的界面结合性能较差,其增强的复合材料的力学性能往往与理论值相差甚远,因此必须对碳纤维进行表面改性,以提高其与聚合物基体的界面粘结性能.本文作者综述了国内外关于碳纤维表面改性技术的研究进展,概述了涂层法、氧化法、高能辐射法等改性方法对碳纤维增强复合材料界面强度的改性效果.     

硬脂酸/异氰酸酯摩尔比对聚丙烯/木粉复合材料性能的影响

用甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯（TDI）和硬脂酸（SA）复合改性木粉,在双螺杆挤出机中制备了聚丙烯（PP）基的木塑复合材料（WPC）,研究了SA/TDI摩尔比对木粉表面性能、复合材料力学性能和加工性能的影响。 结果表明,随着SA/TDI摩尔比的增大,改性木粉的表面张力逐渐减小,与PP的界面张力先减小后增大;与未改性的WPC相比,SA/TDI复合改性剂对WPC的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度影响不明显,但对无缺口冲击强度提升较大;当SA/TDI摩尔比为1.07时,复合材料的无缺口冲击强度和熔体质量流动速率分别达到9.74 kJ/m2和13.12 g/10 min,分别比未改性WPC提高了77%和22%。     

玉米秸秆改性废胶粉复合材料研究进展

废轮胎橡胶经粉碎和机械剪切制得废胶粉,属于热固性聚合物很难降解,回收利用成本高,而且在加工胶粉过程中其结构受到破坏力学性能较差,这些因素限制了它的应用。然而它仍具有一定弹性、耐磨性和抗滑性,仍然保留一些橡胶优异的性能,对其进行适当的改性还能够应用,有望替代目前短缺的橡胶及制备板材及路面材料。本文综述了国内外废胶粉的应用领域和国内外研究现状,尤其对玉米秸秆改性废胶粉复合材料的应用及研究现状进行了综述和分析,并在此基础上,对玉米秸秆改性废胶粉复合材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料力学性能研究进展

树脂基复合材料具有比强度高、比模量大、耐高温、耐腐蚀、质轻等诸多优点,在航天军工、生物医疗、电子封装、体育器材等众多领域得到广泛应用。石墨烯作为一种典型的二维纳米材料,凭借其独特结构以及优异的物理化学性能而备受关注。近年来的研究表明石墨烯可以通过对增强纤维改性和对基体树脂改性的方法来提高树脂基复合材料的力学性能。本文介绍了石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料的增强增韧机理,对石墨烯改性纤维(碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维)增强复合材料以及树脂的改性方法进行了综述;着重阐述了石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料力学性能的研究进展,分析了石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料研究中依旧存在的两大问题,即石墨烯的分散性和界面结合问题,并对石墨烯改性树脂基复合材料的未来发展前景进行了展望。     

竹纤维增强可生物降解复合材料研究进展

天然植物纤维增强可生物降解复合材料是一类性能优良、环境友好、可自然降解的绿色环保复合材料。众多天然植物纤维中,竹纤维不仅资源丰富、有优异的力学性能,还具有天然抗菌、除臭、吸湿放湿、抗紫外线等优点,广泛应用于复合材料的制备。本文对竹纤维增强可生物降解复合材料的增强体材料和基体材料特性、改性预处理方法、成型工艺和生物降解特性等性能评价的国内外研究现状进行了综述,同时还对竹纤维增强可生物降解复合材料的未来研究和发展趋势进行了展望。     

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/层状硅酸盐复合材料的研究

本文对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/层状硅酸盐纳米复合材料的国内外研究进展,层状硅酸盐的结构及有机化改性做了详细的综述.同时,对PMMA/层状硅酸盐粘土复合材料的结构及表征手段、制备原理及方法、物理和化学性能及应用前景做了系统的总结.最后,在我们研究工作的基础上对此领域的研究方向进行了预测.     

特利霉素的合成研究进展

特利霉素是酮内酯抗生素的重要代表,它对很多耐药菌有活性且不易引起耐药性.作者对特利霉素的合成做了综述.     

毛细管电色谱整体柱制备新进展

毛细管电色谱整体柱以其制备相对简单,渗透性好,柱效高等优点,成为电色谱领域中的一个研究热点.主要包括有机聚合物型和硅基整体柱两种类型.其制备方法还不十分成熟,有待完善.     

Recent advances in photothermal and RNA interfering synergistic therapy

As a new treatment technique,photothermal therapy(PTT) has aroused worldwide attention in cancer treatment,mainly due to its excellent absorption ability,easy regulation,and biodegradability.Photothermal conversion materials with enhanced permeability and retention effect can be targeted easily to tumor tissue.They can accumulate efficiently to tumor tissues and allow normal tissues and organs not to be affected by temperature,thus significantly helping to reduce the systemic toxicity and improve the antitumor effect.However,PTT alo ne often suffers from the rapeutic resistance and reduced therapeutic efficacy,due to photothermal nanomaterial-mediated fundamental cellular defense mechanism of heat shock response,which could be inhibited by small interfering RNA(siRNA).Nevertheless,photothermal conversion materials as an excellent siRNA delivery carrier may conside rably enhance the delivery efficiency of siRNA.Therefore,photothermal and RNA interfering(RNAi) synergistic therapy has recently aroused extensive attention in tumor treatment.In this review,we mainly summarize the recent advances of photothermal and RNAi synergistic therapy,including some synergistic therapeutic nanoplatforms of inorganic and organic photothermal materials and other combined therapies such as combining with small molecular antitumor agents or PDT/imaging.The combination of various treatment techniques may considerably improve the synergistic therapeutic effect of PTT and RNAi in the treatment of cancers.     

Electrospinning of a functional perfluorinated block copolymer as a powerful route for imparting superhydrophobicity and corrosion resistance to aluminum substrates

Superhydrophobic aluminum surfaces with excellent corrosion resistance were successfully prepared by electrospinning of a novel fluorinated diblock copolymer solution. Micro- and nanostructuration of the diblock copolymer coating was obtained by electrospinning which proved to be an easy and cheap electrospinning technology to fabricate superhydrophobic coating. The diblock copolymer is made of poly(heptadecafluorodecylacrylate-co-acrylic acid) (PFDA-co-AA) random copolymer as the first block and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as the second one. The fluorinated block promotes hydrophobicity to the surface by reducing the surface tension, while its carboxylic acid functions anchor the polymer film onto the aluminum surface after annealing at 130 °C. The PAN block of this copolymer insures the stability of the structuration of the surface during annealing, thanks to the infusible character of PAN. It is also demonstrated that the so-formed superhydrophobic coating shows good adhesion to aluminum surfaces, resulting in excellent corrosion resistance.     

硅橡胶、聚氨酯医用材料

聚氨酯具有良好的生物相容性、优异的力学性能、易成型加工、性能可控等优点;硅橡胶具有生理惰性和生物相容性好等优点,这使他们在医学方面有着广泛的应用。本文主要是在介绍了硅橡胶和聚氨酯的结构、特性的同时,又分别介绍了它们在医学方面的发展情况及根据不同用途制成的制品,并对它们在将来医疗中的发展进行了展望。     

A highly diastereoselective [3+3] annulation reaction of aza-oxyallyl cations and nitrones

An efficient synthesis of 1,2,4-oxadiazinan-5-ones via [3+3] cycloaddition of in situ generated aza-oxyallyl cations with nitrones has been developed. The protocol features easy operation, excellent yields, excellent diastereo-control, broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.     

Sulfamic Acid Catalysed Acetylation of Alcohols and Phenols with Acetic Anhydride

An easy acetylation of alcohols and phenols with acetic anhydride has been carried out in excellent yield under catalysis of sulfamic acid.     

Montmorillonite Clay Catalysis. Part 31: A New Ready and High Yield Procedure for the Cleavage of Acetals Catalysed by Montmorillonite K 10

An easy cleavage of acetals has been carried out in excellent yield under catalysis of montmorillonite K 10 in refluxing wet acetone.     

A Facile Preparation of Methoxymethyl Ethers of Primary and Secondary Alcohols with Dimethoxymethane Catalysed by Expansive Graphite

An easy preparation of methoxymethyl ethers of primary and secondary alcohols with dimethoxymethane has been carried out in excellent yield under catalysis of expansive graphite.     

Gold-catalyzed efficient preparation of linear alpha-iodoenones from propargylic acetates

Only 2 mol % of Au(PPh3)NTf2 is needed to convert readily accessible propargylic acetates into versatile linear alpha-iodoenones in good to excellent yields. This reaction is easy to execute and has broad substrate scope. Good to excellent Z-selectivities are observed in the cases of aliphatic propargylic acetates derived from aldehydes.