聚吡咯导电复合膜的研制

吡咯（Ｐｙ）在含有聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＰＭＭＡ）的乙酸乙酯溶液中以三氯化铁（ＦｅＣｌ３）作为氧化剂进行原位化学氧化聚合，制备了可溶性的聚吡咯（ＰＰｙ）／ＰＭＭＡ导电复合材料，利用浇铸成膜的方法制得了导电复合薄膜材料，该薄膜（含Ｐｙ４０ｗｔ％）的电导率可达３２７ｓ．ｍ＾－１（标准四电极法）并且在室温下的空气中有良好的稳定性，对影响聚合反应的诸因素（温度，时间，反应体系等）进行了探讨，确定了最佳的聚合反     

气相氧化聚合制备聚合物／聚吡咯表面复合导电材料

将填充有ＦｅＣｌ３的苯乙烯－丙烯腈共聚物，用ＦｅＣｌ３的乙醇溶液浸泡处理后，置于吡咯气氛中，制得聚合物／聚吡咯表面复合导电材料。研究了苯乙烯－丙烯腈中ＦｅＣｌ３含量，ＦｅＣｌ３／乙醇溶液浓度，浸泡时间，聚合反应时间对材料电导率的影响。用扫描电镜观察了导电层的表面结构并测定了导电性的稳定性。导电材料最高电导率达４．８×１０３Ｓ·ｍ－１，在干燥气氛下可稳定１８个月以上。     

纳米聚吡咯的合成

分别以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,十二烷基苯磺酸钠,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,十二烷基硫酸钠形成的有序聚集体为模板,在0℃-5℃引发吡咯氧化聚合(过硫酸铵为氧化剂)制备了纳米聚吡咯(PPy).探讨了表面活性剂对PPy形貌的影响.     

电聚合导电聚吡咯的合成研究

用电化学法将吡咯单体聚合在电极上，于不同支持电解质的水溶液中得到聚吡啶薄膜。研究了电解质浓度、电解质阴离子种类及聚合时间对聚吡咯薄膜导电性能的影响。     

导电聚吡咯的研究

介绍了1995年获国家自然科学二等奖项目“导电聚吡咯的研究”（ 主要完成人：钱人元、李永舫、毕先同、裴启兵、鄢宝珍）的主要研究成果以及获奖后的研究新进展,涉及的研究内容包括导电聚吡咯的电化学聚合过程和机理、导电聚吡咯的结构、稳定性、电化学性质以及导电聚吡咯复合材料的制备等。     

聚吡咯(PPY)/聚己内酰胺(Nylon 6)——导电复合材料的研究

本文用电化学氧化聚合的方法制备出了既具有优良的导电性能又具有良好机械性能的聚吡咯(PPY)/聚己内酰胺(Nylon 6)的复合材料,该复合材料的导电率可达119s/cm,并对聚吡咯/聚己内酰胺导电复合材料进行了扫描电子显微镜、电导率及机械性能的测试及表征。     

壳层可控导电聚吡咯/聚苯乙烯复合微球及聚吡咯中空微胶囊的制备

在导电聚合物含量较小时,含核壳结构的导电聚合物复合粒子就可以具有和本体相当的导电率,且加工性好,近年来这种核壳结构微粒的制备已引起了科学家们的广泛关注．Armes等[制备了导电聚吡咯、导电聚苯胺包覆聚苯乙烯的核壳结构胶体粒子及聚苯胺和二氧化硅的纳米复合物．刘正平等用改进的方法在粒径为116nm的单分散聚苯乙烯乳胶粒子上包覆聚吡咯,     

聚乙烯醇/聚吡咯复合导电水凝胶应变传感器的制备及性能

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料, 植酸(PA)和氨基-聚倍半硅氧烷(NH₂-POSS, NP)为交联剂, 通过冻融循环法制得PVA/PA/NP复合水凝胶, 再以其为模板, 通过吡咯的原位聚合制得PVA/PA/NP-PPy复合导电水凝胶, 克服了聚吡咯材料易脆、 疏水的特性, 进一步改善了水凝胶的导电性和灵敏性. 循环拉伸实验结果表明该水凝胶具有良好的自回复能力, 电导率高达7.53 S/m, 从I-V曲线可知其作为柔性可穿戴应变传感器的最高检测电流可达 9.029 mA, 灵敏度因子可达6.796, I-T曲线表明该传感器可以准确地通过电流信号变化来监测人体的各种微小运动.     

取代聚吡咯自掺杂导电机理的理论研究

TrendMD:     

超临界二氧化碳流体环境中导电聚吡咯复合材料的制备

以聚苯乙烯(PS)和锌盐中和的磺化聚苯乙烯(Zn-SPS)膜为基体, 在超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO₂)环境中用化学氧化法原位制备了聚吡咯(PPy)导电复合材料. 由于SC-CO₂对聚合物基体的强溶胀作用, 吡咯分子高效地扩散到基体内部进行聚合而形成导电通路, 得到比传统的水溶液法更高的电导率. 聚合物基体的性质对复合材料的导电性和形貌产生重要影响. 在相同条件下, Zn-SPS/PPy的电导率比PS/PPy高3~4个数量级, 而它们的体积逾渗阈值分别为2.7%和6.2%, 远远低于理论预测值(16%).     

Effects of Reaction Sequence on the Colloidal Polypyrrole Nanostructures and Conductivity

The relationship between nanoscaled morphology and macroscopic electrical conductivity of polypyrrole (PPy) nanostructures was qualitatively investigated. The PPy nanostructures were prepared via microemulsion polymerization using ionic surfactants. The morphology of PPy was influenced by both the type of ionic surfactants and reaction sequences; specifically, the PPy structures were highly influenced by the reaction sequence when anionic surfactant of SDS was used. By changing reaction sequence, a gel-like PPy was formed influencing on the macroscopic electrical conductivity. The results indicate that the macroscopic conductivity of PPy is affected by its nanoscaled structures as determined by the reaction conditions.     

Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Electroactive Conducting Polypyrrole Polymers

Conducting/electroactive polypyrrole polymers are synthesized electrochemically on glassy carbon in various electrolytes (counterions). The polymers' electroactivity is measured using cyclic voltammetry. The electrolytes are chloride, nitrate, p-toluene sulfonate, dodecyl sulfate, and dodecylbenzenesulfonate of sodium and potassium ferrocyanide. It is found that the electrolyte (dopant) markedly affects the redox behavior of the polypyrrole films.     

疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺与阳离子双子表面活性剂的相互作用

通过表面张力法和电导率法分别考察了阳离子双子表面活性剂(12-2-12)与非离子疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺(HMPAM)和普通聚丙烯酰胺(PAM),传统表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基溴化铵(DTAB)与HMPAM和PAM之间的相互作用。结果表明,12-2-12 HMPAM复合体系与12-2-12水溶液体系相比,在w(聚合物含量)CMC时,复合体系的电导率(κ)具有下降的趋势,且κ随着w的增大下降的趋势越明显,说明12-2-12与HMPAM之间存在相互作用。     

“Noodle-like” Mesoporous Silica Templated by Polyelectrolyte／Surfactant Complex

“Noodle-like” mesoporous silica with a diameter of about 180 nm and a length of ca. 10μm was prepared through sol-gel process by using poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS)/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) complex as template. Parallel oriented regular mesopores with a diameter of around 2-4 nm are distributed along the wall of the particles, while the “worm-like” disordered mesopores can be found in the fringe part. This approach provides a new series of templates and a novel route to prepare inorganic mesoporous materials with special morphology.     

Photoactive Nanostructures of Polypyrrole

The creation of nanostructures of the photoactive polymer polypyrrole (PPy) on glass substrates with the spin‐coating method is described. No additional post‐production treatment is necessary to obtain uniformly distributed photoactive nanostructures on macroscopically scaled substrates. Based on X‐ray reflectivity measurements, the critical solution concentration of PPy below which these nanostructures develop is determined. The PPy nanostructures are displayed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements, which prove that the nanostructures form directly on the substrate. With UV/Vis spectroscopy the absorption behavior of the nanostructures is probed in comparison to PPy films and PPy solutions. A linear dependence of the absorption of the nanostructure on the surface coverage measured with AFM is detected. The influence of confinement on the conjugation length results in a modified absorption behavior of the nanostructures.     

Effect of Electrolytes on Redox Reactivity of Polypyrrole

Doping and dedoping characteristics of polypyrrole (PPy) formed electrochemically have been examined by means of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Dodecylsulfate ions (DS⁻) and perchlorate ions (ClO⁻₄) were embedded simultaneously in PPy when both ions were present on the polymerization of pyrrole. Sequential formation of PPy in the single dopant system allowed PPy/ClO₄ to grow in the bulk of PPy/DS but not vice versa. DS⁻ was embedded not to leave the polymer on reduction but ClO⁻₄ moved in and out of the polymer on redox reaction. Cyclic voltammetry was employed to determine the redox reactivity of PPy in different electrolyte systems. NaClO₄ was a better electrolyte for cyclic redox reaction than LiClO₄ or KClO₄. NaCl was a good electrolyte for cyclic redox reaction but Cl⁻ failed to penetrate in the PPy/DS bulk on reoxidation. The cyclic redox reactivity lasted longest when PPy/DS was redox-cycled sequentially in the NaCl electrolyte system and then in the NaClO₄ system. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

掺杂磷钼酸根离子聚吡咯膜电极对磷钼酸根离子电位响应的研究

用循环伏安法研究了制备掺杂磷钼根离子聚吡咯化学修饰电极的条件，对其性能进行了电化学表征，电极对磷钼酸根（ＰＭｏ１２Ｏ＾３－４０）离子具有选择性电位响应，线性范围为１．０×１０＾－６～１．０×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。斜率约为５０ｍＶ，测定了电极的有关性能参数。电极可用于无机磷含量的检测。     

Chemical preparation of conductive elastomeric blends: Polypyrrole/EPDM. I. Oxidant particle-size effect

This work describes the preparation of polypyrrole and EPDM rubber blends, PPy/EPDM, by the sorption of pyrrole (vapor phase) in an EPDM matrix containing CuCl₂. We investigated the effect of the oxidant particle-size on the sorption and polymerization equilibrium, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of the blends. Independently of the CuCl₂ concentration and polymerization time, the polypyrrole weight fraction in the blend, X_ppy, increases when the oxidant particle-size in changed from 150–250 μm to smaller than 106 μm. For blends containing 50 phr of CuCl₂, obtained following 72 h of exposure to pyrrole, an increase in the Young's Modulus (from 2.2 ± 0.2 to 3.9 ± 0.6 MPa) and an increase in the electrical conductivity (from 10^?9 to 10^?7 S cm^?1) was observed when the oxidant particle-size was decreased. Infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning differential calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy were used in sample characterization. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Synthesis and Properties of a Sulfonic Acid-Containing Gemini Surfactant

A novel sulfonic acid-containing gemini surfactant, 6,6′-(butane-1,4-diylbis(oxy)) bis(3-nonylbenzenesulfonic acid), 9BA-4-9BA, was synthesized in high purity and high yield using a facile preparation pathway, and characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, and elemental analysis. The content of two sulfonic acid groups was measured by the acid-base titration. DSC and TGA were used to reveal the thermal properties and the product purity. The surface properties of 9BA-4-9BA were evaluated by equilibrium surface tension measurement. It shows that its CMC was 0.65 mmol/L, while the C₂₀ of 0.018 mmol/L was above two orders of magnitude lower than that of traditional monomeric surfactants such as SDS and SDBS, indicating excellent efficiency of micelle formation and reduced surface tension.     

Preparation and Properties of Composite Polypyrrole/Pt Catalyst Systems

Three different methods for the preparation and modification of conducting polymer/noble metal catalyst systems consisting of polypyrrole (PPy) and platinum (Pt) are described for the anodic oxidation of methanol. The first method consists of the electrochemical deposition of a thin PPy film on glassy carbon substrate, which is modified with Pt either by electroreduction of hexachloroplatinate, codeposition from a nanodispersed Pt solution, or incorporation of tetrachloroplatinate as counterion followed by cathodic reduction. A second method is based on the preparation of nanoscale PPy(PSS) particles by chemical polymerization with polystyrenesulfonate PSS^– as the counterion. This material is a favorable catalyst support for nanodispersed Pt due to its mixed electronic and cationic conductivity. To study the electrochemical properties, the particulate system PPy(PSS)/Pt is fixed in a carbon fiber electrode. A third method was developed which brings the polypyrrole in close contact to a proton exchanger membrane (Nafion) using a special chemical deposition procedure. This method is useful for preparing a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) consisting of Nafion/PPy/Pt. The structural, morphological, and electrocatalytic properties for methanol oxidation were studied depending on the preparation method applied using surface analytical techniques (TEM, SEM, and EDX) and electrochemical measurements (cyclic voltammetry and transient techniques).