新型含磷无机离子交换剂研究(Ⅻ)——焦磷钒酸钛的合成及性质

合成了一种新的无机离子交换剂—焦磷钒酸钛。通过物理-化学性能测试表明它是一种离子交换容量较大(2.32mmol/g),热和化学性能较好的多功能基阳离子交换剂。对Rb(Ⅰ),Cs(Ⅰ),Ag(Ⅰ),Pb(Ⅱ),Bi(Ⅲ),RE(Ⅲ),和Zr(Ⅳ),具有高的选择性。     

高效液相色谱法测定禽蛋产品中苏丹红类染料

采用高效液相色谱法测定了禽蛋产品中苏丹红类染料,包括苏丹红Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ及对位红的残留量。试样中苏丹红类染料用丙酮萃取,用固相萃取法将萃取液通过MAX柱达到进一步的分离和提纯。MAX柱经过用甲醇、氢氧化钠及乙酸乙酯先后淋洗后,最终用由乙酸乙酯、甲醇及甲酸组成的淋洗剂淋洗。用氮气吹干洗出液,残渣用乙腈浸取,所得溶液经滤膜过滤后供HPLC测定。方法的检出限为0.1 mg.L-1,以咸蛋样品为基体分别加入0.25和1.0 mg.kg-1的5种苏丹红类染料的标准作了回收试验,所得回收率结果在76%~92%之间,也作了方法的精密度试验,所得相对标准偏差(n=5)均小于4.5%。     

钢中碳的非水滴定

本文报导应用乙醇-丙酮体系快速测定钢铁中碳的条件,对体系稳定性的控制及滴定误差等方面作了初步探讨。比较了乙醇(以下简称Ⅰ)十丙酮(简称Ⅱ)十三乙醇胺(简称Ⅲ);Ⅰ+Ⅲ:Ⅰ+Ⅱ;Ⅰ+Ⅱ+二甲基甲Ⅰ+Ⅱ+二氧六圈:Ⅰ+Ⅱ+丙三醇;Ⅰ+1,2二氯乙烷;Ⅰ+Ⅱ+二氯乙烷;Ⅰ+四氯化碳(简称Ⅳ);Ⅰ+Ⅱ+Ⅳ:Ⅰ+Ⅱ+正丁醇(简称Ⅴ):Ⅰ+Ⅴ,Ⅱ十Ⅴ等吸收体系在某些配比条件下的色变情况和体系的稳定情况。试验表明,Ⅰ:Ⅱ≤80:20时,吸收液中指示剂变化有明显的阶段性,极易掌握二氧化碳的吸收情况。加入适量丙三醇可使体系稳定。操作步骤:当炉温达1250-1300℃     

新型含磷无机离子交换剂的研究(Ⅱ)——焦磷亚硒酸锡的合成及性质

通过合成、化学组成、离子交换容量、热分析、分配系数及红外、X射线衍射、激光拉曼光谱分析,表明焦磷亚硒酸锡是一种交换容量大、热稳定及化学稳定性好的新型无机阳离子交换剂。对Ag(Ⅰ)、Pb(Ⅱ)、Ba(Ⅱ)、Bi(Ⅲ)及Zr(Ⅳ)具有高选择性。     

容量法测定氧化钒中的各种价态钒

用NaOH溶液处理样品，分离V（V）然后以Fe(Ⅱ）滴定测定之。定量加入过量的V（V）到上述残渣中并用H2SO4溶解，用Fe(Ⅱ）滴定，计算出V（Ⅱ），V（Ⅲ）的含量。V（Ⅳ）的测定是通过从总钒量中扣除V（Ⅱ）、V（Ⅲ）、V（Ⅴ）的含量得到。V（Ⅱ）、V（Ⅲ）和V（Ⅴ）的回收率均大于96％，其8次测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为：9．8％、0．4％、1．2％；本法快速、简便，在实际应用中效果良好。     

皱叶香茶菜化学成分的研究

从采自西藏的皱叶香茶菜中分离鉴定了3对B-闭联对映贝壳杉烯型二萜化合物:二萜化合物皱叶香茶菜素(Ⅰ)和二氢皱叶香茶菜素(Ⅱ);isodocarpin(Ⅲ)和dihydroisodocarpin(Ⅳ)及Carpalasionin(Ⅴ)和dihydrocarpalasionin(Ⅵ)。(Ⅰ)、(Ⅲ)和(Ⅴ)分别与对应的二氢化合物(Ⅱ)、(Ⅳ)和(Ⅵ)以混合物的形式被分离和鉴定。化合物(Ⅱ)为新化合物,(Ⅰ)、(Ⅳ)和(Ⅵ)首次在自然界发现,(Ⅲ)和(Ⅴ)为已知化合物。     

新型无机离子交换剂的研究——Ⅰ.锑酸锌的合成及性能

本文首次合成了新型无机离子交换剂——锑酸锌。对交换剂的合成条件、化学组成、离子交换容量、稳定性和结构等进行了系统的探讨。在pH为3、0.5和2N硝酸介质中测定了22种金属离子的分配系数,并用锑酸锌为柱填料,成功地分离了Mn(Ⅱ)-Al(Ⅲ)、Mn(Ⅱ)-La(Ⅲ)、Mn(Ⅱ)-Fe(Ⅲ)、Mn(Ⅱ)-Cu(Ⅱ)和Mg(Ⅱ)-Fe(Ⅲ)等离子混合物。     

高频燃烧-红外分析仪测定海洋沉积物的总碳含量

应用高频红外分析仪测定海洋沉积物的总碳含量。于坩埚中预置纯铁屑0.2g,准确称取沉积物样品50.0 mg置于坩埚中,再加入纯铁屑0.2g,使其与样品充分混匀,再加入钨粒1.6g,使其均匀覆盖在样品上面。加入的铁屑与钨粒起了助熔剂的作用。以下按仪器工作条件进行通氧燃烧和测定。按所提出的分析条件测定了两种标准物质(GBW 07364和GBW 07366)中的总碳量,测定结果与认定值相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)分别为2.3%,1.8%。该方法的检出限(3s)为0.000 4%。应用此方法测定了18种海洋沉积物样品中的总碳量,并用元素分析仪对这些样品进行了校对试验,结果表明两方法的测定结果基本相符。     

高效低毒除草剂氟嘧磺隆的合成

以硫脲和丙二酸二乙酯为起始原料,通过环化、甲基化、双氟甲氧基化、氧化、氨解、缩合6步单元反应,合成氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron,Ⅵ)及中间体Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ,反应总收率达30%. 在甲醇钠作用下,硫脲和丙二酸二乙酯环化得到中间体Ⅰ,再经巯基与硫酸二甲酯反应得到中间体Ⅱ,再经羟基与二氟一氯甲烷反应得到中间体Ⅲ,再经S原子被H2O2氧化得中间体Ⅳ,其甲基砜基团被氨基取代得中间体Ⅴ,目标产物Ⅳ由中间体Ⅴ与邻甲氧羰基苯磺酰异氰酸酯反应得到. 化合物Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ的结构通过1H NMR、MS进行确证,其纯度通过HPLC进行检测.     

硝基环氧化合物的单体结构对其聚合活性和聚合物性能的影响

研究了一些环氧化合物:[R=H(Ⅰ),NO_2(Ⅱ),NO_3(Ⅲ),OCH_2CH_2NO_2(Ⅳ),OCH_2CH_2NO_3(Ⅴ)]的单体结构对其阳离子开环聚合活性及其聚合物性能的影响。在催化系统下,其聚合活性大小有如下顺序:(Ⅰ)>(Ⅳ)≥(Ⅴ)>(Ⅲ)>(Ⅱ)。着重研究了上述硝基环氧化合物与四氢呋喃的共聚物的热稳定性、化学稳定性、玻璃化温度以及其胶片的力学性能。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.