阵列调制随机共振在微弱信号特征提取方面的应用

论述了阵列调制随机共振方法在强噪声背景下多频微弱信号特征提取中的工作原理和实现步骤;采用预先设定系统参数的多个并联非耦合随机共振单元形成阵列,将被测强噪声背景下的多频微弱信号分别与不同频率的载波进行调制,生成多个差频均为0.01Hz的信号作为各对应随机共振单元的激励信号,采用龙格-库塔算法求取各单元输出并进行频谱分析,根据0.01Hz处的信噪比判断在微弱信号中是否存在载波频率与差频值之和大小的频率分量,最后综合各个随机共振单元的检测结果生成微弱信号的频率特征向量;仿真结果表明,阵列调制随机共振在微弱信号特征提取方面效果明显,具有很好的应用前景。     

相干多普勒测风激光雷达低信噪比区域回波信号的估计方法

相干多普勒测风激光雷达通常会采用周期图最大值法（PM）提取不同距离门信号的多普勒频移（对应风速）信息。由于噪声和相干效率的影响,个别距离门信号会出现信噪比（SNR）突然降低的情况,从而导致系统的探测概率降低,影响系统整体的探测性能。为了解决个别距离门信号多普勒频移的错误估计问题,提出了一种新的非线性自适应多普勒频移估计方法。该方法利用风速的连续性,标定错误距离门,并自适应地利用强信噪比区域的多普勒频移统计数据来弥补信噪比变差而出现的估计错误。分别利用了仿真模型和一套1.54μm全光纤相干激光雷达系统获得了风场测量数据,对比了使用该技术前后反演得到的风速趋势,证明该方法能够有效地解决上述问题。     

0.14 THz过模表面波振荡器初步实验研究

为获得大功率太赫兹源,对基于表面波振荡器的相对论太赫兹源进行了初步的实验研究。为便于机械加工和实验装配,器件采用过模矩形波导慢波结构。利用理论分析和数值模拟得到的参数,在CKP1000加速器上进行了实验。功率测量采用辐射场功率密度积分方法,频率测量采用截止波导滤波法。在电子束压为320 kV、电子束流强度为2.1 kA、引导磁场为5 T条件下,实验获得频率0.136 THz以上、脉冲宽度为1.5 ns和辐射功率约2 MW的太赫兹信号输出。     

0.14 THz过模表面波振荡器初步实验研究

为获得大功率太赫兹源,对基于表面波振荡器的相对论太赫兹源进行了初步的实验研究。为便于机械加工和实验装配,器件采用过模矩形波导慢波结构。利用理论分析和数值模拟得到的参数,在CKP1000加速器上进行了实验。功率测量采用辐射场功率密度积分方法,频率测量采用截止波导滤波法。在电子束压为320 kV、电子束流强度为2.1 kA、引导磁场为5 T条件下,实验获得频率0.136 THz以上、脉冲宽度为1.5 ns和辐射功率约2 MW的太赫兹信号输出。     

基于频率梳的太赫兹频率精密测量方法研究

利用光纤飞秒激光器与光纤耦合型太赫兹光电导天线,构建了一套全光纤太赫兹频率梳系统。基于锁相技术实现了对频率梳重复频率信号的高稳定度锁定,在取样时间为100 s时锁定精度达到3.3×10-13,并获得了信噪比优于50 d B的太赫兹拍频信号。基于频率梳测试方法实现了太赫兹频率的高精度测量,测量不确定度为5×10~(-11)。     

具有频率噪声的单模激光线性模型随机共振

将频率有涨落的周期信号输入单模激光增益模型,计算出输出光强的相关函数及功率谱,对信噪比随噪声强度和系统参数的变化进行了研究. 结果表明:信噪比随频率噪声强度的变化、抽运噪声强度的变化、量子噪声强度的变化均出现随机共振;信噪比随增益系数和损失系数的变化也出现随机共振. 关键词： 频率噪声 功率谱 随机共振     

基于激光拍频高准确度相位式测距方法

介绍一种基于相位式激光测距的高动态、高准确度测距系统.系统引入光频调制技术实现激光拍频产生高频调制信号并完成信号的高速变测尺调制.在对回波信号进行鉴相时,为降低鉴相偏差采用无窗全相位谱分析并实现对测量信号的相位计算.计算表明,该方法可以有效抑制频谱泄露,减小噪声对测量结果的影响,提高鉴相准确度.实验表明该测距系统可以有效地解决相位法测距中存在的抗干扰能力差、距离模糊较难抑制等问题,调制信号频率为100 MHz、信噪比为30dB时测距准确度优于0.5mm.     

一种基于选择性测量的自适应压缩感知方法

针对低信噪比条件下现有压缩感知系统重构性能严重恶化的问题,提出了一种基于选择性测量的自适应压缩感知结构.首先推导并分析了经过压缩测量的噪声的统计特性及其对重构性能的影响;然后基于输出能量最小化准则,设计了一种压缩域投影滤波联合噪声检测的自适应感知器,感知获得噪声子空间的位置信息;进一步利用该信息构造选择性压缩测量矩阵,智能选择测量信号,同时"屏蔽"噪声分量,极大提高了压缩测量值的信噪比.仿真结果表明,相对于现有压缩感知结构,选择性测量的压缩感知结构明显改善了含噪稀疏信号的重构性能,可更好地应用于吸波材料的前端特性分析、认知无线电的频谱感知等领域.     

利用随机共振在强噪声下提取信息信号

已有利用随机共振在强噪声下提取单一频率信号的若干报道，但单一频率信号所携带的信息量为零.本实验研究表明：在调幅波和白噪声的协同作用下，非线性双稳系统的输出不仅可以呈现随机共振现象，而且经检波、滤波后能提取出调制信号(信息信号)；与直接经电子学系统检波、线性滤波后所提取的调制信号相比，前者所获调制信号的信噪比更高.给出了绝热近似条件下，调制信号信噪比的解析表达式. 关键词： 随机共振 信噪比 调制信号 噪声     

太赫兹时域频谱信噪比分析与规范性研究

基于飞秒激光的太赫兹脉冲时域光谱技术,已经成为诸多科学领域研究中有效的新手段。文章分析了太赫兹时域系统频谱采集方式的特点,提出标准信噪比的概念,使不同的太赫兹时域频谱仪可以在同一标准下进行量化评价。在研究了信噪比特点的基础上,给出了太赫兹时域频谱信噪比的简单获取方法。并采用这种方法对几个著名太赫兹研究小组的时域频谱系统的信噪比进行了比对。该方法让使用者只须获取单次测量数据就能换算出系统的标准信噪比,给用户评价太赫兹时域频谱系统带来了极大便利。     

Detection of multi-frequency weak signals with adaptive stochastic resonance system

Aiming at the poor detection rate of multi-frequency weak signals under a strong background of noise, a novel method based on adaptive stochastic resonance (SR) theory is proposed in this paper. The optimal parameters can be obtained automatically via measurement by establishing an adaptive SR system model and using the reverse location method. After passing through the adaptive SR system, the spectrum values of all eight signals greatly improve, the largest spectrum value gain increases from 12.41 to 2033 when the frequency is 0.01?Hz, which is an improvement of a factor of 162.8, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain of the whole system is 10.3134?dB. Under the condition of different input noise intensities and signal amplitudes, the mean SNR of the system increases from –13.1136 to –2.7614?dB, which is a 78.9% increase, and the largest SNR gain is 13.4702?dB when the noise intensity D?=?1.2 and signal amplitude A?=?0.11. Compared to the single optimal spectrum value, when defining multiple optimum spectrum values as the SNR criterion, the detection sensitivity is less than 0.35 when the input noise intensity is between 0.5 and 2.5, and the sensitivity value is 6.29 times higher when D?=?2.5. The system successfully realizes the adaptive detection of twelve weak signals, and the SNR gain is 7.9743?dB, which improves the channel capacity of signal detection. The experimental results demonstrate the high efficiency and strong applicability of the system, improving the signal processing efficiency and speed of signal transmission.     

Effect of inertia mass on the stochastic resonance driven by a multiplicative dichotomous noise

A stochastic system driven by dichotomous noise and periodic signal is investigated in the under-damped case.The exact expressions of output signal amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of the system are derived.Numerical results indicate that the inertial mass greatly affects the output signal amplitude and the SNR.Regardless of whether the noise is symmetric or asymmetric,the inertial mass can influence the phenomenon of stochastic resonance(SR) of the system,leading to two types of resonance phenomenon:one is coherence-resonance-like of the SNR with inertial mass,the other is the SR of the SNR with noise intensity.     

A novel parameter-induced adaptive stochastic resonance system based on composite multi-stable potential model

Stochastic resonance (SR) is used widely as a weak signal detection method by using noise in many fields. In order to improve the weak signal processing capability of SR, a novel composite multi-stable model is proposed, which is constructed by the joint of the tristable model and the Gaussian Potential (GP) model. The SR system based on this model is constructed and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is regarded as the index to measure the SR effect. The differential brain storm optimization (DBSO) algorithm is used to optimize the system parameters collaboratively to achieve parameter-induced adaptive SR. The influences of the system parameters V and R and the noise intensity D on the output response of SR system are analyzed under Gaussian white noise and α stable noise environments, and the advantages of the composite multi-stable SR system over the traditional tristable system are verified. For different levels of weak signals, the output performances of SR systems based on composite multi-stable model, traditional tristable model, composite tristable model are compared and analyzed. The results prove that the proposed model has better performance. Meanwhile, the adaptive detection of the multiple high-frequency weak signal is realized using the composite multi-stable SR system. The simulation results show that the proposed system has strong weak signal processing capability and good immunity to noise types, which widens the application range of SR in practical engineering.     

光学双稳系统中的随机共振

运用绝热近似理论，研究了由加性噪声和乘性噪声及周期信号驱动的光学双稳系统的随机共振现象. 发现该模型中输出信噪比R～随着加性噪声强度D_a的变化曲线中会出现随机共振现象，而信噪比R～随着乘性噪声强度D_m的变化曲线是单调减小的，信噪比曲线中没有出现随机共振现象. 因此，加性噪声和乘性噪声对输出信噪比的影响是不同的. 关键词： 随机共振 信噪比 乘性噪声 加性噪声     

Parameter-induced stochastic resonance in an over-damped linear system

Stochastic resonance (SR) in an over-damped linear system subjected to an excitation of bias signal modulated noise with multiplicative and additive noises is investigated. We obtain the exact expressions of the first two moments and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the output by using linear-response theory. The SNR depends non-monotonically on the intensity and the correlation time of multiplicative noise, the correlation time of additive noise, the intensity of the cross noise between multiplicative and additive noise, as well as the external field frequency. The conventional SR, the SR in a broad sense and the bona fide SR are found in the system. The influences of the asymmetries of multiplicative and additive noise, the correlation rate of the cross noise, the intensity of additive noise, the amplitude of signal and the bias on the SNR are analyzed. Moreover, we pointed out that SR can be realized by tuning the system parameter with fixed noise, i.e., parameter-induced stochastic resonance (PSR) exists.     

基于可调谐准高斯波束太赫兹源的成像系统研究

报道了一种基于频率可调谐准高斯太赫兹波束的透射成像系统.研究表明,在这种成像系统中太赫兹波束具有良好的空间分布特性,其波束质量因子M²_x＝1.15,M²_z＝1.25,波束传输特性和聚焦特性良好.实验结果反映出成像系统的空间分辨能力与典型太赫兹波长(250μm)相接近.在太赫兹波输出1.0—2.5THz范围内,成像系统信噪比大于1000dB;在1.8THz处,信噪比 关键词： 太赫兹波 太赫兹成像 太赫兹探测     

Effects of time delay on stochastic resonance of a periodically driven linear system with multiplicative and periodically modulated additive white noises

Stochastic resonance (SR) of a periodically driven time-delayed linear system with multiplicative white noise and periodically modulated additive white noise is investigated. In the condition of small delay time, an approximate analytical expression of output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is obtained. The analytical results indicate that (1) there exists a resonance peak in the curve for SNR versus time delay; (2) the time delay will suspend the SR dramatically for SNR versus other parameters of the system, such as noise intensity, correlation intensity, and signal frequency, once a certain value is reached, the SR phenomenon disappears.     

Stochastic resonance for signal-modulated pump noise in a single-mode laser

By adopting the gain-noise model of the single-mode laser in which with bias and periodical signals serve as inputs, combining with the effect of coloured pump noise, we use the linear approximation method to calculate the power spectrum and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the laser intensity under the condition of pump noise and quantum noise cross-related in the form of δ function. It is found that with the change of pump noise correlation time, both SNR and the output power will occur stochastic resonance (SR). If the bias signal α is very small, changing the intensities of pump noise and quantum noise respectively does not lead to the appearance of SR in the SNR; while α increases to a certain number, SR appears.     

星间微波光子链路调制方式的优化

针对外调制星间微波光子链路输出信噪比优化问题,建立了基于双电极马赫 曾德尔调制器的强度调制直接探测星间微波光子链路模型,通过优化调制器调制方式来提高链路性能。用数值模拟方法得到了单边带、双边带和推挽式3种调制方式下链路输出信噪比,利用曲面投影法求得了最优调制方式时一定信噪比要求下发射端所需最小光放大器增益和对应的调制器直流偏置相位。结果表明:相同输入射频信号功率和发射光功率情况下,双边带调制输出信噪比比单边带调制高3 dB,低直流偏置相位推挽调制可以进一步优化输出信噪比。输入射频信号功率为-20 dBm,输出信噪比为17.3 dB时,所需最小光放大器增益为43.9 dB,对应的直流偏置相位为0.87。