共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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通过对比表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)对石墨烯的分散能力,发现SDS可有效避免石墨烯片层之间的团聚,使得石墨烯在水溶液中分散得更加均匀.将浓度分别为0.39和0.30 mg/m L的石墨烯(G)和石墨烯片(GF)的SDS分散液旋涂在ITO电极表面制备出G膜和GF膜.透射电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观测结果表明,两类石墨烯膜均呈现出纱状透明的片状结构,同时具有石墨烯特有的褶皱.在石墨烯膜上继续进行钌配合物分子膜的自组装实验,得到G/Ru复合膜和GF/Ru复合膜.采用循环伏安法及紫外-可见吸收光谱法对石墨烯复合膜进行光电化学分析,结果表明石墨烯膜与钌配合物分子膜的复合可有效加强薄膜对太阳光的吸收. 相似文献
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石墨烯及氧化石墨烯由于其独有的性质在分离膜领域引起广泛关注。本文综合分析了石墨烯及氧化石墨烯在分离膜改性方面的几种典型应用,即共混膜、多孔石墨烯膜和层状排列氧化石墨烯膜,并结合其制备方法、效能和作用机理进行阐述。结果表明,相转化法制备的共混膜可以提高膜通量和截留率、增加膜的亲水性并有效抑制膜污染,但是其并不能充分发挥氧化石墨烯独有的结构和性能优势,具有一定的局限性;层薄和机械性能强的完美结合使石墨烯可以通过打孔形成分离性能较好的多孔石墨烯膜,但是制备大片石墨烯的难度和不成熟的打孔技术限制了其进一步发展;而层状排列的氧化石墨烯膜可充分发挥氧化石墨烯材料的特性,以层间间距作为主要运输通道有利于充分发挥氧化石墨烯高输运速率的优点和高选择性的特性,为开创下一代高通量、高选择性、强抗污染性的高性能分离膜提供了重要思路。 相似文献
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采用元素分析、红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射(XRD)、固体13C核磁共振波谱(13C MAS NMR)、热失重分析(TGA)、导电率测试以及原子力显微镜(AFM)等手段对正丁基氯化镁还原的氧化石墨烯进行了系统的表征. 结果表明, 正丁基氯化镁可以有效还原氧化石墨烯, 随着其用量的增加, 氧化石墨烯还原程度增加, 碳/氧摩尔比升高, 片层间距减小, 热稳定性增强, 导电率增大(可达3.6×102 S/m). 还原后部分氧化石墨烯片层发生聚集. 相似文献
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石墨烯的功能化及其在储能材料领域中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
石墨烯是由sp~2杂化的碳原子紧密堆积成的单原子层二维碳材料,由于其优异的物理和化学性质被视为最有前景的新型材料之一。但由于石墨烯片层之间在范德华力的作用下易发生不可逆团聚,丧失其单层二维纳米片的结构特性,以及石墨烯表面呈现惰性状态,致使其与其他介质的相互作用较弱,难以均匀分散在极性或非极性的溶剂中,因而石墨烯的应用受到限制。对石墨烯进行功能化可以调控其分子结构、电子能级和化学性质,不仅可以有效抑制石墨烯的团聚而且能够改善其在溶剂中的分散性和稳定性,从而实现石墨烯基材料的多元化应用。本文综述了近年来共价键和非共价键功能化石墨烯以及其复合材料在储能领域的研究进展,并对功能化石墨烯的发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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在离子液体氯化-1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑(AmimCl)存在的条件下,利用水合肼对氧化石墨烯进行同步还原,制备了一种可稳定分散在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)和乙酸丁酯等有机溶剂中的离子液体改性石墨烯(IL-G)。运用红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、热失重分析(TGA)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、X射线电子衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对制备的改性石墨烯进行结构性能测试,结果表明离子液体AmimCl与石墨烯之间存在π-π和阳离子-π的相互作用,能较好的吸附在石墨烯表面。TGA测试表明IL-G中离子液体的比例约为7.20wt%。同时,AFM结果显示改性石墨烯剥离在DMF中的平均厚度是0.962 nm。由于非共价改性石墨烯可再分散于DMF和乙酸丁酯中,通过紫外可见吸收光谱测得其最大分散浓度分别是1.69 mg·mL-1和1.12 mg·mL-1。 相似文献
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赵宁 钱振超 Yang Q Su Y Chi C Cherian C T Huang K Kravets V G Wang F C Zhang J C Pratt A Grigorenko A N Guinea F Geim A K Nair R R 《高分子通报》2018,(1)
正氧化石墨烯簿膜作为快速渗透分子筛的研究受到广泛关注,但其仅对水溶液能够有效筛分,对有机溶剂不具有渗透性,这一现象还未能得到深入理解。来自曼彻斯特大学的Su和Nair等利用大尺寸氧化石墨烯片(10μm~20μm)构筑氧化石墨烯超薄膜,厚度仅为10nm。该超薄膜中包含平滑的二维毛细管和宽度仅为1nm的小孔,可将99.9%以上的有机染料从甲 相似文献
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Chemistry is a central, practical and creative discipline. The development of chemistry plays an important role in the progress of science and society, as well as the improvement of the quality of human life. This paper introduces the chemical knowledge of stone, concrete, glass and other inorganic nonmetallic building materials by the anthropomorphically story. Taking nanomaterials as an example, the prospect of building materials development in the future is put forward. 相似文献
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The syntheses of 3β-hydroxy-5β-carda-14, 20:22-dienolide (= «β»-anhydro-), 3β-hydroxy-5β-carda-8:14, 20:22-dienolide (= «α»-anhydro-) and «δ»-anhydro-digitoxigenin (= probably 3β-hydroxy-5β, 14β-carda-8, 20:22-dienolide) by the best ways known to date, have been described. «δ»-Anhydro-digitoxigenin represents the thermodynamically most stable isomer. In this isomer the double bond in position 8 is unaffected by hydrogenation with Pt in acetic acid; with perbenzoic acid an epoxide results from which, on hydrogenation, the double bond can be regenerated in its original position. Analogous reactions are known to occur in the 8:14-epoxides. 相似文献
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Scott RT Milios CJ Vinslava A Lifford D Parsons S Wernsdorfer W Christou G Brechin EK 《Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)》2006,(26):3161-3163
[Mn(IV)Mn(II)3] triangular units directed by the presence of tripodal alcohols self-assemble in the presence of azide and acetate ligands to form either a [Mn24] "wheel" or a [Mn32] "cube". 相似文献
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Chemical probes are valuable tools for the investigation of biochemical processes, diagnosis of disease markers, detection of hazardous compounds, and other purposes. Therefore, the development of chemical probes continues to grow through various approaches with different disciplines and design strategies. Fluorescent probes have received much attention because they are sensitive and easy-to-operate, in general. To realize desired selectivity toward a given analyte, the recognition site of a fluorescent probe is designed in such a way to maximize the binding interactions, usually through weak molecular forces such as hydrogen bonding, toward the analyte over other competing ones. In addition to such a supramolecular approach, the development of fluorescent probes that sense analytes through chemical reactions has witnessed its usefulness for achieving high selectivity, in many cases, superior to that obtainable by the supramolecular approach. Creative incorporations of the reactive groups to latent fluorophores have provided novel chemical probes for various analytes. In this feature article, we overview the recent progress in the development of turn-on fluorescent probes that are operating through chemical reactions triggered by target analytes. Various chemical reactions have been implemented in the development of many reactive probes with very high selectivity and sensitivity toward target analytes. A major emphasis has been focused on the type of chemical reactions utilized, with the hope that further explorations can be made with new chemical reactions to develop reactive probes useful for various applications. 相似文献
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Opsteen JA Brinkhuis RP Teeuwen RL Löwik DW van Hest JC 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2007,(30):3136-3138
Polymersomes, composed of amphiphilic polystyrene-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA), with the periphery being covered with azide groups, were used for further functionalization using "click" chemistry. 相似文献
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