共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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自1889年以来,千克的国际原器作为国际单位制(SI)质量单位的定义。这是SI定义基本单位最后一个人工制造的基准,它的重新定义必将影响着几个其他基本单位。文章介绍了瓦特天平的工作原理以及普朗克常数的实验测定。这些结果对物理学和计量学具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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自1889年以来,千克的国际原器作为国际单位制(SI)质量单位的定义。这是SI定义基本单位最后一个人工制造的基准,它的重新定义必将影响着几个其他基本单位。文章介绍了瓦特天平的工作原理以及普朗克常数的实验测定。这些结果对物理学和计量学具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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千克的定义从米制公约起发展到国际千克原器,到现今基于普朗克常量的新定义,经历了200多年.新定义的最大特点是改变依赖实物的定义方式,基于自然常数,这是由于以实物定义具有不稳定性和不可靠性以及量值传递的不便性,且千克的重新定义使SI体系协调统一,并潜移默化地更新质量测量观.千克定义的演变无论对质量测量相关领域还是对大众对科学精神的不断认识都有着重要的意义. 相似文献
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1990年1月1日,为了建立电压和电阻及其他电学量在测量中的国际一致性,国际计量委员会引入了分别基于约瑟夫森效应和量子霍尔效应的伏特V和欧姆Ω新的实际表示,以及KJ和RK的约定值(即采用值)。本文给出了由国际科技数据委员会推荐的2014年电学量基本常数自洽组的最新数值。 相似文献
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研究晶格常数对左手材料的能量透射率、负折射率以及品质因素(FOM)的影响.结果表明,随着晶格常数的减小,左手材料的低阶透射峰出现异常增大,其物理机制为阻抗匹配;左手材料的负折射的中心频率随着晶格常数的减小而蓝移,与理论结果基本一致;晶格常数对左手材料的FOM有重要的影响,当晶格常数减小到一定值时,可以实现完美阻抗匹配,从而得到较高的FOM. 相似文献
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计算拟合了26种块体材料的能量损失函数,包括18种单质材料(Ag、Al、Au、C、Co、Cs、Cu、Er、Fe、Ge、Mg、Mo、Nb、Ni、Pd、Pt、Si、Te)和8种化合物(AgCl、Al2O3、AlAs、CdS、SiO2、ZnS、ZnSe、ZnTe).基于Drude-Lindhard模型,将实验测得的能量损失函数拟合为有限个解析函数,通过求和规则验证了拟合结果的准确性.基于拟合结果,模拟了反射电子能量损失谱,模拟结果与实验结果一致.所有材料能量损失函数的拟合参数均在线公开,地址为http://micro.ustc.edu.cn/ELF/ELF.html. 相似文献
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光电效应测普朗克常数的数据处理及误差分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在光电效应测量普朗克常数的实验中,采用零电流法测遏止电压,实验操作的可重复性好.不论是采用逐差法还是线性回归法,计算得出普朗克常数的相对误差都在2.5%之下,甚至相对误差小到0.03%,而且通过对该实验数据处理及分析,发现同一次实验数据,用不同的数据处理方法,相对误差竟相差几十倍. 相似文献
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On May 20, 2019 the values of the Planck, h, and Avogadro, NA, constants will be fixed, revising our measurement system, the International System of Units (SI), and providing a new way to get mass traceability. While the famous energy relations mc2 and hf may remind many that the Planck constant is indeed related to mass, it is less recognized how this is also true for the Avogadro constant. These concepts are reviewed in the context of the upcoming revision of the SI. How the fixed values were chosen and how mass traceability will be maintained with the smallest uncertainty are also discussed. 相似文献
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The Planck constant h is one of the most significant constants in quantum physics.Recently,the precision measurement of the value of h has been a hot issue due to its important role for the establishment of both a new SI and a revised fundamental physical constant system.Up to date,two approaches,the watt balance and counting atoms,have been employed to determine the Planck constant at a level of several parts in 108.In this paper,the principle and progress on precision measurement of the Planck constant using watt balance and counting atoms at national metrology institutes are reviewed.Further improvement in determining the Planck constant and possible developments of a revised physical constant system in future are discussed. 相似文献
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The motion of a torsion balance with five degrees of freedom has been numerically simulated. It has been shown that the oscillations along the swing degrees of freedom are excited by the random noise of the seismic origin and their amplitude varies with time. It has been shown also that the nonlinear couplings between the swing and torsion degrees of freedom result in the appearance of combination oscillations. The methods for effectively suppressing these combination oscillations have been considered. 相似文献
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Joachim Fischer 《Annalen der Physik》2019,531(5)
In November 2018, the four base units, kilogram, ampere, kelvin, and mole, of the International System of Units (SI) are redefined in terms of fundamental physical constants. The redefinition comes into force on World Metrology Day, 20 May 2019. The kelvin, the base unit of thermodynamic temperature, from then is to be founded on a fixed numerical value of the Boltzmann constant. Herein, the change in the definition of the kelvin and the consequences for practical temperature measurement are explained. The primary thermometry methods applied to determine the numerical value of the Boltzmann constant for the redefinition are reviewed. The prospects for the future application of these methods are outlined. 相似文献