液体三维晃动特征问题的有限元数值计算方法

本文采用有限元方法数值求解任意刚性容器内液体三维晃动的固有频率和模态。通过建立液体晃动特征问题的泛函极值原理，编制了四面体等参单元有限元程序，计算了平放圆柱腔内三维液体晃动的特征频率，并将矩形容器、球腔、带“十”字隔板球形容器内的液体三维晃动计算结果与解析解、实验结果和二维有限元数值解进行了比较，程序的正确性得到了验证。     

Finite Element Modeling of 3D Fluid Dynamics in Crystal Growth Systems

We describe massively parallel finite element compulations of fluid dynamics for several crystal growth systems. Examples are presented of how large-scale numerical simulations have been used to gain insights to the workings of several processes, specifically the melt growth of oxide crystals by the Czochralski process and the solution growth of nonlinear optical crystals. These systems are characterized by nonlinear interactions between field and interfacial phenomena-the transport of momentum, heat, and mass coupled with solidification kinetics. Modern finite element methods show great potential to provide the understanding needed to optimize these processes.     

结构动力学有限元模型确认方法研究

随着结构动力学求解问题的复杂化，有限元分析方法越来越起着关键作用。由于许多结构系统本身存在不确定性因素，试验数据存在随机误差，而计算的三类误差也会包含着不确定性误差，如何用有限的试验来修正和检验计算模型，最后得到具有一定置信度的有限元模型，即模型确认，在工程领域越来越得到关注。在与模型修正比较的基础上，详细讨论了模型确认的主要研究内容，并结合两个应用实例，讨论模型确认的总体思路与实现方法。     

孔型立轧过程的三维刚塑性有限元分析

采用三维刚塑性有限元法对２Ｓ－Ａｌ板孔型立轧稳态过程进行了分析和比较，所得轧件断面形状，轧制力及轧制力矩与文献「１」的实验结果吻合很好，计算精度有所提高。     

Shape sensing of 3D frame structures using an inverse Finite Element Method

A robust and efficient computational method for reconstructing the elastodynamic structural response of truss, beam, and frame structures, using measured surface-strain data, is presented. Known as “shape sensing”, this inverse problem has important implications for real-time actuation and control of smart structures, and for monitoring of structural integrity. The present formulation, based on the inverse Finite Element Method (iFEM), uses a least-squares variational principle involving section strains (also known as strain measures) of Timoshenko theory for stretching, torsion, bending, and transverse shear. The present iFEM methodology is based on strain–displacement relations only, without invoking force equilibrium. Consequently, both static and time-varying displacement fields can be reconstructed without the knowledge of material properties, applied loading, or damping characteristics. Two finite elements capable of modeling frame structures are derived using interdependent interpolations, in which interior degrees of freedom are condensed out at the element level. In addition, relationships between the order of kinematic-element interpolations and the number of required strain gauges are established. Several example problems involving cantilevered beams and three-dimensional frame structures undergoing static and dynamic response are discussed. To simulate experimentally measured strains and to establish reference displacements, high-fidelity MSC/NASTRAN finite element analyses are performed. Furthermore, numerically simulated measurement errors, based on Gaussian distribution, are also considered in order to verify the stability and robustness of the methodology. The iFEM solution accuracy is examined with respect to various levels of discretization and the number of strain gauges.     

板料三维成形过程的有限元数值模拟

基于有限变形理论建立了三维金属板料成形过程的刚塑性有限元数学模拟,该数学模型采用物质坐标系中的Ｕｐｄａｔｅ－Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ描述,等向强化假设,考虑了板料的厚向异性,对于金属板料与模具有摩擦采用近似的库仑摩擦定律以改善计算的收敛性。为简经计算采用薄膜单元,并根据此模型编制程序。     

部分共同作用框架组合梁有限元分析模型

本文提出了一种新的适用框架整体分析的组合梁有限元模型。在分析了相互作用程度对组合梁刚度影响的基础上,根据Newmark等人的一维部分相互作用理论,建立起部分共同作用组合梁平衡微分方程;结合框架组合梁受力特点引入合理的边界条件,推导出了能够考虑滑移的组合梁单元弹性刚度方程;还给出了常见非节点荷载的等效荷载公式。该组合梁单元节点自由度少,每个构件只需一个单元来模拟,方便了带组合梁钢框架的结构分析。本文的研究还为进一步地考虑混凝土开裂、压碎,钢材屈服等非线性因素,建立组合梁单元弹塑性刚度矩阵提供了理论基础。     

热机电耦合智能板结构的一类有限元模型

针对热机电压电薄板结构,提出了一种包含4个位移节点、2个电势节点和8个温度节点的有限元模型,其位移场按平板壳单元描述,而电势场和温度场则按线性插值方法描述,并基于虚功原理导出了热机电有限元方程,通过比较,表明所得有限元方程的正确性.最后以悬臂板为例,对位移响应、温度响应和输出电压进行了数值仿真,凸现了在小挠度变形下,变化幅值较大的温度对输出电压的重大影响.     

Finite Element Model Calibration for Ares I-X Flight Vehicle

Ares I-X is a flight test vehicle developed by NASA to demonstrate a new class of crew launch vehicle. For this first flight test, the first stage was a four segment solid rocket booster with mass simulators used to represent the other sections of the Ares I vehicle. Although this vehicle is significantly simpler than the Ares I, model calibration was required for the finite element model used in loads analysis and flight control evaluations before its maiden flight. The process of calibrating models involves updating parameters and reconciling predictions with test data. This work presents a probabilistic approach to the calibration process. The approach uses Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for parameter sensitivity, nonlinear optimization to minimize the error between test and analysis, and multiple FEM models to bound the system response and to assess the probability of finding a reconciling solution. To reduce the computational burden associated with ANOVA, response surface models are used in lieu of computationally intensive finite element solutions. Uncertainty in the parameters and their effect on the frequency response function is studied in terms of Principal Values of the frequency response functions. Uncertainty bounds of the principal values are established across multiple models to allow one to determine the probability of finding a solution that reconciles analysis with test results. Results from applying this model calibration process to the Ares I-X project are described. Findings presented in the paper confirmed that the baseline model used for pre-flight assessments was within the acceptable range established for guidance and control.     

二体磨料磨损犁沟及脊的三维有限元动态模拟

选用20#钢、45#钢、T8钢3种材料作为研究对象,利用三维有限元法动态模拟刚性球形磨粒在弹-线塑性平板上的压入-划动过程,所用磨粒半径为0.15mm,试样尺寸为1.2mm×1.2mm×3.0mm,划动距离1.2mm;采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对每种材料在压入深度0.01～0.10mm范围内进行10次动态模拟.为验证模拟的有效性,在改装的HX-200型显微硬度计上进行单磨粒划伤试验,用OLS-1100型非接触式三维激光共聚扫描电子显微镜分析了相应的犁沟和脊.结果表明,模拟结果与试验结果相吻合,能够重现碳钢材料在磨损过程中的塑变行为,进而通过提取犁沟脊表面的节点坐标值,对材料犁沟两边塑变脊进行量化分析,得到脊形貌尺寸随磨粒压入深度、压入宽度和材料性能变化的规律,并建立了适用于碳钢系列材料塑变脊形貌与磨粒压入深度和宽度的关系曲线.     

形状记忆合金的本构模型及其有限元实施

基于塑性力学中屈服面的概率以及Liang和Brinson提出的马氏体体积百分量和应力,温度间的关系,提出了适用于描述多信形状记忆合金的形状记忆效应和伪弹性效应的本构模型,并用T．T．法对该本构模型进行了非线性有限元实施,算例表明该本构模型与实验结果比较吻合,且只需对现有非线性有限元程度稍做修改就可得到实施,简单易行,有一定的实用价值。     

杂交元本征应力模式和应力子空间的性质研究

详细讨论了有限元本征应力模式和应力子空间的性质，并着重讨论和进一步完善了与杂交应力有限元应力子空间有关的一些定理，为提出新方法提供了理论基础，主要包括：（1）证明了杂交元特征值不大于对应位移元的特征值；（2）证明了矩阵H非奇异的充分必要条件是假设应力模式线性无关；（3）证明了杂交元所对应位移元的本征应力模式形成的杂交元与该位移元相同；（4）证明了等价假设应力模式形成相同的杂交元；（5）证明了确定杂交元本征应力模式的充分必要条件是其范数平方等于所形成杂交元的变形模态特征值；（6）证明了杂交元假设应力模式与变形模态的能量一一对应的充分必要条件是假设应力模式彼此正交且与所对应位移元的本征应力模式除了一一对应者之外都正交。     

圆形截面约束阻尼梁整体有限元建模与振动分析

为克服约束阻尼结构在工程应用中存在的由三维有限元建模造成的单元数目巨大的问题,本文提出了圆形实心截面梁附加约束阻尼层横向振动的整体有限元建模方法,并基于此模型,研究了材料的物理属性和几何因子对这类结构的固有频率的影响。通过与三维有限元解法相比较,证明了该方法的可行性与正确性,并给出了该方法的适用范围。     

3D Coupled Displacement Discontinuity and Finite Element Analysis of Reservoir Behavior during Production in Semi-infinite Domain

In this paper, we apply a DDM-FEM coupling method to reservoir simulation to evaluate the reservoir behavior over a compacting oil reservoir in half space. We use displacement discontinuity methods to account for the reservoir surroundings, and finite element methods in the fully coupled simulation of the reservoir itself.     

结构动力学有限元模型修正的目标函数及算法

结构动力学有限元模型修正是结构动力学领域的一个热点问题,回顾了结构动力学有限元模型修正研究的发展历史和现状,简要评述了结构动力学有限元模型修正所使用的设计变量,着重阐述了各种结构动力学有限元模型修正方法中所使用的目标函数及修正算法,讨论了工程结构动力学有限元模型修正的一些策略,最后对结构动力学有限元模型修正技术的发展进行了总结和展望.     

钢丝绳捻制成形的空间几何模型与有限元分析

根据钢丝绳捻制成形原理，在考虑钢丝绳空间几何形状的基础上，建立了引入自扭转系数时钢丝绳的几何结构计算模型和钢丝绳捻制成形有限元计算边界条件模型。进而编制了相应的有限元建模程序，生成可被ANSYS直接调用的数据文件。分析了钢丝绳一次捻制和二次捻制的加工应力应变变化情况，并讨论了自扭转系数对加工应力应变的影响。     

Finite Element Analysis for 3-D High Reynolds Number Flows

A Petrov-Galerkin finite element method using exponential weighting functions for the computation of three-dimensional incompressible viscous flow problems is presented. The unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are discretized by means of a semi-explicit scheme with respect to the time variable. As the time-marching scheme, the fractional step method is used effectively. Numerical results demonstrate that the present method is capable of solving the cubic cavity flow accurately and in a stable manner for Reynold numers up to 10⁴     

点式压电智能结构的模型修正与振动主动控制

提出了在点式压电智能结构中应用摄动有限元方法对结构的有限元模型进行修正 ,从而达到提高建模精度 ,改善实际结构振动主动控制效果的目的。通过对一悬臂梁在模型修正前后进行振动主动控制的不同的控制效果验证了该方法的有效性     

考虑人载的汽车多自由度3维动力学模型

在目前的汽车柔顺性分析中,通常使用的2/4/7自由度动力学模型一般都未考虑车中人载质量,而在有人载与无人载时,汽车的动力学模型是不同的,它们代表了不同的动力学系统。因此未考虑人载质量的汽车动力学模型不能全面、准确地给出汽车的动力学特性,不能准确地反映柔顺性所包含的车身垂直方向、俯仰与侧倾振动,以及车轮跳动的加速度等物理量的变化。本文提出了考虑车中人载质量-座椅附加系统的汽车振动分析的3维动力学模型,给出了系统相应的动力学方程,并以轿车为例,给出了不同模型的动力学特性与响应的仿真分析结果,说明了汽车在考虑了人载-座椅附加系统后的多自由度3维动力学模型的正确性与必要性。     

一种利用静力试验数据修正有限元模型的方法

基于代数特征值逆问题理论，提出了一种利用静力试验数据修正有限元模型方法。由于修正后的模型为满阵，根据有限元模型的力学特征对修正后的模型加以约束，使其不仅是对称的，而且还保持稀疏、带状特性，其计算过程简洁，计算结果表明该方法可靠，效果令人满意。