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During active states of the brain neurons process their afferent currents with an effective membrane time constant much shorter than its value at rest. This fact, together with the existence of several synaptic time scales, determines to which aspects of the input the neuron responds best. Here we present a solution to the response of a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron with synaptic filters when long synaptic times are present, and predict the firing rate for all values of the synaptic time constant. We also discuss under which conditions this neuron becomes a coincidence detector. 相似文献
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M. Rudolph A. Destexhe 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2006,52(1):125-132
Systems driven by Poisson-distributed quantal inputs can be described as
“shot noise” stochastic processes. This formalism can apply to neurons
which receive a large number of Poisson-distributed synaptic inputs of similar
quantal size. However, the presence of temporal correlations between these
inputs destroys their quantal nature, and such systems can no longer be
described by classical shot noise processes. Here, we show that explicit
expressions for various statistical properties, such as the amplitude
distribution and the power spectral density, can be deduced and investigated
as functions of the correlation between input channels. The monotonic behavior
of these expressions allows an one-to-one relation between temporal
correlations and the statistics of fluctuations. Multi-channel shot noise
processes, therefore, open a way to deduce correlations in input patterns by
analyzing fluctuations in experimental systems. We discuss applications such
as detecting correlations in networks of neurons from intracellular recordings
of single neurons. 相似文献
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We study the dynamics of a noisy network of spiking neurons with spike-frequency adaptation (SFA), using a mean-field approach, in terms of a two-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation for the membrane potential of the neurons and the calcium concentration gating SFA. The long time scales of SFA allow us to use an adiabatic approximation and to describe the network as an effective nonlinear two-dimensional system. The phase diagram is computed for varying levels of SFA and synaptic coupling. Two different population-bursting regimes emerge, depending on the level of SFA in networks with noisy emission rate, due to the finite number of neurons. 相似文献
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The effect of environmental temperature on neuronal spiking behaviors is investigated by numerically simulating the temperature
dependence of spiking threshold of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron subject to synaptic stimulus. We find that the spiking threshold
exhibits a global minimum in a specific temperature range where spike initiation needs weakest synaptic strength, which form
the engineering perspective indicates the occurrence of optimal use of synaptic transmission in the nervous system. We further
explore the biophysical origin of this phenomenon associated with ion channel gating kinetics and also discuss its possible
biological relevance in information processing in neuronal systems.
相似文献
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In this paper, we numerically study the effect of channel block on the spiking temporal coherence and spatial synchronization on Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neuron networks. It is found that under sodium CB the spike coherence is badly reduced, and the synchronization can, depending on the network randomness (the fraction of random shortcuts), be either enhanced or reduced, while, under potassium CB, the spike coherence can be enhanced but the synchronization is reduced. Interestingly, for certain networks of relatively large randomness, the neuron firings can achieve the best temporal coherence at an optimal potassium CB. These results show that under certain conditions channel blocking can increase and optimize the spike coherence and the synchronization on the complex HH neuron networks, whereby the neurons would exhibit a better and the best sub-threshold signal encoding. 相似文献
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In some situations of active noise control, infinite impulse response (IIR) filters are more suitable than finite impulse response (FIR) filters owing to the poles in the transfer function. A number of algorithms have been derived for applying IIR filters in active noise control; however, most of them use the direct form IIR filter structure, which faces the difficulties of checking stability and relatively slow convergence speed for noise composed of narrow-band components with large power disparity. To overcome these difficulties along with using the direct form IIR filters, a new adaptive algorithm is proposed in this paper, which uses and updates the lattice form adaptive IIR filter in an active noise control system. Full mathematical derivations of the proposed algorithm are presented, and the comparison between the proposed algorithm and the commonly used filtered-u LMS and filtered-v LMS algorithms shows the superiority of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
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One of the problems to be solved in image processing is how to eliminate image noise effectively. In this work, we brought forward a random noise filtering method based on the inter-frame registration. Firstly, we calculated the relative displacement of the adjacent frames by a registration algorithm. Then we divided the image into the overlapping area and the non-overlapping area according to the relative displacement. Finally, we do noise reduction processing for these two areas respectively. The experiments results indicate that the proposed method can reduce noise in both spatial and time domain of video images. The main advantage is that it cannot only remove noise, but also effectively protect the image edge and detail information. Besides, it not only maintains the de-noising effect of traditional inter-frame algorithm, but also is suitable for moving targets. It has better real-time performance and wider application range. 相似文献
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M. Ozer L. J. Graham 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2008,61(4):499-503
In a Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model driven just above threshold, external noise can increase both jitter and latency of the first
spike, an effect called “noise delayed decay” (NDD). This phenomenon is important when considering how neuronal information
is represented, thus by the precise timing of spikes or by their rate. We examine how NDD can be affected by network activity
by varying the model's membrane time constant, τm. We show that NDD is significant for small τm or high network activity, and decreases for large τm, or low network activity. Our results suggest that for inputs just above threshold, the activity of the network constrains
the neuronal coding strategy due to, at least in part, the NDD effect. 相似文献
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We study statistical properties, response dynamics, and information transmission in a Hodgkin-Huxley–type neuron system, modeling
peripheral electroreceptors in paddlefish. In addition to sodium and potassium currents, the neuron model includes fast calcium
and slow afterhyperpolarization (AHP) potassium currents. The synaptic transmission from sensory epithelium is modeled by
a Poission process with a rate modulated by narrow-band noise, mimicking stochastic epithelial oscillations observed experimentally.
We study how the interplay of parameters of AHP current and synaptic noise affects the statistics of spontaneous dynamics
and response properties of the system. In particular, we confirm predictions made earlier with perfect integrate and fire
and phase neuron models that epithelial oscillations enhance stimulus–response coherence and thus information transmission
in electroreceptor system. In addition, we consider a strong stimulus regime and show that coherent epithelial oscillations
may reduce variability of electroreceptor responses to time-varying stimuli. 相似文献
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A firing pattern transition is simulated in the Leech neuron model, firstly from bursting to co-existence of spiking and bursting and then to spiking. The attraction domain of spiking and bursting for three different parameter values are calculated. Synchronization transition processes of two coupled Leech neurons, one is bursting and the other the co-existing spiking, are simulated for the three parameters. The three synchronization processes appear similar as the coupling strength increases, beginning from non-synchronization to complete synchronization through a complex dynamical procedure, but their detailed processes are different depending on the parameter values. The transition procedure is complex and the complete synchronization is in bursting for larger parameter values, while the process is simple with complete synchronization of spiking for smaller values. The potential relationship between complete synchronization and the attraction domain is also discussed. The results are instructive to understanding the synchronization behaviors of the coupled neuronal system with co-existing attractors. 相似文献
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We show that a ring of unidirectionally delay-coupled spiking neurons may possess a multitude of stable spiking patterns and provide a constructive algorithm for generating a desired spiking pattern. More specifically, for a given time-periodic pattern, in which each neuron fires once within the pattern period at a predefined time moment, we provide the coupling delays and/or coupling strengths leading to this particular pattern. The considered homogeneous networks demonstrate a great multistability of various travelling time- and space-periodic waves which can propagate either along the direction of coupling or in opposite direction. Such a multistability significantly enhances the variability of possible spatio-temporal patterns and potentially increases the coding capability of oscillatory neuronal loops. We illustrate our results using FitzHugh-Nagumo neurons interacting via excitatory chemical synapses as well as limit-cycle oscillators. 相似文献
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Background
Neuropathic pain is a chronic and intractable symptom associated with nerve injury. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) is important in the endogenous pain control system and is the main site of the opioidergic analgesia. To investigate whether neuropathic pain affects the endogenous pain control system, we examined the effect of neuropathic pain induced by sacral nerve transection on presynaptic GABA release, the kinetics of postsynaptic GABA-activated Cl- currents, and the modulatory effect of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) activation in mechanically isolated PAG neurons with functioning synaptic boutons. 相似文献17.
Fulvi Mari C 《Physical review letters》2000,85(1):210-213
A large network of integrate-and-fire neurons is studied analytically when the synaptic weights are independently randomly distributed according to a Gaussian distribution with arbitrary mean and variance. The relevant order parameters are identified, and it is shown that such network is statistically equivalent to an ensemble of independent integrate-and-fire neurons with each input signal given by the sum of a self-interaction deterministic term and a Gaussian colored noise. The model is able to reproduce the quasisynchronous oscillations, and the dropout of their frequency, of the central nervous system neurons of the swimming Xenopus tadpole. Predictions from the model are proposed for future experiments. 相似文献
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以一维环形耦合的非全同FitzHugh-Nagumo神经元网络为研究对象,讨论这种异质神经元在环上的不同排列对其频率同步的影响.研究结果显示,异质神经元的排列不同,对应的神经元网络达到频率同步所需的临界耦合强度也不完全相同.在平均意义下,异质性较小的神经元在环上的距离越近,神经元网络达到频率同步所需的临界耦合强度越大;相反,异质性较大的神经元在环上的距离越近,神经元网络达到同步所需的临界耦合强度越小.通过对频率同步过程的分析,进一步给出了产生这一现象的动力学机理. 相似文献
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Optimum linear filtering of the variance of stationary Gaussian noise is extended to the case where the noise variance is
a function of an unobservable Markov control process. Discrete observations are examined.
Tomsk State University. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 4, pp. 3–7, April, 1999. 相似文献