疏水性金属卟啉的合成及催化性能研究

本文合成了一类带疏水性长链的对称卟啉及其金属配合物, 研究了该类金属卟啉在CH2Cl2/H2O两相体系中催化苯乙烯的环氧化反应性能。通过以上研究, 发现催化反应体系中水相PH值对烯烃环氧化反应有很大影响; 改变金属卟啉的疏水性对催化反应影响不大; 具不同中心金属离子的金属卟啉有不同的催化活性, 催化活性顺序为:Mn>Co>Ni>Cu。     

杯芳烃-金属卟啉仿酸酶模型化合物的合成及其电子光谱研究

本文首次报导杯芳烃-金属卟啉键联化合物作为仿细胞色素P-450酶模型的合成。对紫外-可见光谱进行了较详细的研究,将模型化合物与相应未键联杯芳烃的卟啉化合物光谱比较,发现兰移现象,从而说明杯芳烃卟啉键联物中, 杯环与卟啉环之间存在相互影响。金属离子插入后其相互作用加强。     

高分子键联金属卟啉的合成及催化性能

高分子键联金属卟啉的合成及催化性能;高分子担载金属卟啉; 环己烯; 催化氧化     

位阻型金属卟啉的合成及其催化烷烃基化的反应

本文用平衡法制备了中位-四(3,5-二叔丁基-4-甲氧基等基)卟啉(T~D~T~B~M~OPP), 并制备了该卟啉的铁、锰、钴、锌、铜、镍的金属配合物。经红外光谱、电子光谱、核磁共振谱, 元素分析等确认了这些均未见报道的金属卟啉。考察了在温和条件下, 以T~D~T~B~M~O PP Fe^III C和T~D~T~B~M~O PP Mn^III Cl为了催化剂, PhIo为氧化剂, 在CH~2Cl~2中氧化n-C~6H~1~4的反应, 并将结果与别的催化剂进行了比较。     

双（α－呋喃甲酸）氧钒的合成和抗糖尿病活性研究

设计和合成了一种新型的有机羧酸氧钒配合物双（α－呋喃甲酸）氧钒。运用 元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和核磁共振氢谱对配合物的结构进行了初步 确证。在实验性动物模型上研究了这个配合物的初步毒性和降血糖作用。结果表明 ：双（α－呋喃甲酸）氧钒具有活性高，安全性好的优点，对糖尿病的治疗显示出 潜在的开发应用前景。     

扩孔硅胶担载锰卟啉配合物的催化性能研究

通过吸附作用制备了护孔硅胶担载的阳离子锰卟啉配合物MnTMPyP/SG，运用 XPS和DR-UV/vis技术对其进行了表征。将制得的催化剂用于苯乙烯和环己烯的环氧 化反应，考察了反应方式对环氧化产率的影响，结果表明超声辐射有利于环氧产率 的提高。在两种条件下考察了轴向配体对反应的影响，同时还考察了超声辐射下催 化剂的重复使用情况。     

聚合物键联金属卟啉化合物的合成及其催化性能研究

将卟啉和金属卟啉化合物引入到高分子载体上,不仅仍然保持着卟啉化合物的催化特性,而且还有着聚合物试剂的优良性能。我们     

扩孔硅胶担载锰卟啉配合物的催化性能研究

通过吸附作用制备了护孔硅胶担载的阳离子锰卟啉配合物MnTMPyP/SG,运用 XPS和DR-UV/vis技术对其进行了表征。将制得的催化剂用于苯乙烯和环己烯的环氧 化反应,考察了反应方式对环氧化产率的影响,结果表明超声辐射有利于环氧产率 的提高。在两种条件下考察了轴向配体对反应的影响,同时还考察了超声辐射下催 化剂的重复使用情况。     

金属卟啉催化条件下有机化合物与二氧化碳的电羧化反应Ⅰ. 金属卟啉对苄基氯电羧化催化活性的研究

本文研究了系列金属卟啉对苯基氯(phCH~2Cl)和CO~2电羧化反应的催化活性.用熔点,MS,IR,UV鉴别产物为苯乙酸卟脂,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)定量分析了羧化产物,选出最佳电羧化电解电位为-1.6v(相对于饱和甘汞电极,vs.SCE,下同). 并对催化活性较高的钴卟啉系列配合物进行了深入研究. 探讨了金属卟啉具有催化活性的原因,认为能形成M(Ⅰ)中间体的金属卟啉配合物.具有较高的催化活性.     

新型手性双核Salen锰（III）配合物对咪唑、吡啶类客体的分子识别研究

合成并表征了新型手性双核Salen配体1及其锰（III）配合物2（主体2）。用 紫外-可见光谱滴定法研究了主体2与四种咪唑类、四种吡啶类客体在CHCl_3中的分 子识别行为。实验结果表明：对咪唑客体的缔合常数按K（Im） > K (2 - Melm) > K (N-MeIm) > K (EtMelm)顺序递减；吡啶类顺序为K （PyO） > K (4-PhPyO) > K (DMAP) > K(Py)，配位数n值均为2。测定了识别过程的Δ_rH_m，Δ_rS_m， 发现此类反应为放热、熵减小的过程，反应体系中存在焓熵补偿关系。与单核的 Salen锰（III）配合物3（主体3）进行比较，除EtMeIm与3的配位数为1外，其他唑 类客全的配位数均为2。就与客体的缔合能力而言，主体2比3大。用圆二色光谱（ CD）研究了主-客体的分子识别行为。     

乙酰糖基金属卟啉的合成及其对烷烃温和氧化的选择性催化作用

由吡咯和葡萄糖取代苯甲醛直接缩合制备了两种葡萄糖取代卟吩,四(邻位乙酰葡萄糖氧代苯基)卟吩和四(间位乙酰葡萄糖氧代苯基)卟吩,它们进一步金属化合成了四种葡萄糖金属卟啉,氯化四(邻位乙酰葡萄糖氧代苯基)卟吩合铁、氯化四(间位乙酰葡萄糖氧代苯基)卟吩合铁、氯化四(邻位四乙酰葡萄糖氧代苯基)卟吩合锰和氯化四(间位乙酰葡萄糖氧代苯基)卟吩合锰。它们的结构由紫外-可见光谱、元素分析和核磁共振证实。研究了这些葡萄糖取代金属卟啉对亚碘酰苯常温常压下氧化异戊烷反应的选择性催化作用。研究表明,糖基金属卟啉催化异戊烷端基碳氢键的氧化,对一级碳氢键表现出专一性催化作用。非糖基金属卟啉催化异戊烷二级和三级碳氢键的氧化。与非糖基金属卟啉比较,糖基金属卟啉对烷烃羟基化反应的催化行为更接近细胞色素P-450单充氧酶。     

Hemoabzymes different strategies for obtaining artificial hemoproteins based on antibodies

Besides existing models of chemical or biotechnological origin for hemoproteins like peroxidases and cytochromes P450, catalytic antibod ies (Abs) with a metalloporphyrin cofactor represent a promising alter native route to catalysts tailored for selective oxidation reactions. A brief overview of the literature shows that, until now, the first strategy for obtaining such artificial hemoproteins has been to produce antipor phyrin Abs, raised against various free-base, N-substituted, Sn-,Pd-,or Fe-porphyrins. Four of them exhibited, in the presence of the corre sponding Fe-porphyrin cofactor, a significant peroxidase activity, with k_cat/K_m values of 10² to 5 × 10³/M/s. This value remained low when com pared to that of peroxidases, probably because neither a proximal ligand of the Fe, nor amino acid residues participating in the catalysis of the heterolytic cleavage of the O—O bond of H₂O₂, have been induced in those Abs. This strategy has been shown to be insufficient for the elabo ration of effective models of cytochromes P450, because only one set of Abs, raised againstmeso-tetrakis(para-carboxyvinylphenyl)porphyrin, was reported to catalyze the nonstereoselective oxidation of styrene by iodosyl benzene using a Mn-porphyrin cofactor, and attempts to gener ate Abs having binding sites for both the substrate and the metallopor phyrin cofactor, using as a hapten a porphyrin covalently linked to the substrate, were not successful. A second strategy is then proposed, which involves the chemical labeling of antisubstrate Abs with a metallopor phyrin. As an example, preliminary results are presented on the covalent linkage of an Fe-porphyrin to an antiestradiol Ab, in order to obtain semisynthetic catalytic Abs able to catalyze the selective oxidation of steroids.     

Bio-inspired iron catalysts for degradation of aromatic pollutants and alkane hydroxylation

Today, more and more metalloenzymes are understood at the molecular level. The accumulated knowledge is a very rich source of inspiration for chemists to prepare new catalysts with iron, manganese or copper, which could be cheaper and lead to processes more friendily with environment. We report here two examples. First, the preparation and study with Elf of iron catalysts efficient in the degradation of aromatics by H₂O₂. In particular, we completely characterised iron hydroperoxo and peroxo intermediates that formed upon reaction of H₂O₂ with these iron catalysts. The same complexes activate catechols toward ring cleavage by dioxygen. Overall, these complexes mimic degradation of aromatics by bacteria. The second example of bio-inspired catalyst is a di-iron system able to catalyse the oxidation of alkanes by dioxygen in the presence of hydroquinone at ambient temperature and pressure. This research was done in the framework of a research program sponsored by the Japanese New Energy Development Organisation. The ultimate goal is the biomimetic oxidation of natural gas into methanol for fuel cells. Such artificial systems are still in their infancy, but large potentiality is open to them, in particular if the separation of the Fe(III) to Fe(II) reduction and the Fe(II) oxidation by dioxygen steps is achieved.     

5-(4-丙氨酸丁氧苯基)-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉及其配合物的合成和性质

本文首次合成了一种新型的单取代的丙氨酸四苯基卟啉，５－（４－丙氨酸丁氧苯基）－１０，１５，２０－三苯基卟啉（Ｈ２Ｌ），及其Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）、Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）配合物（ＣｏＬ、ＣｕＬ、ＺｎＬ），用元素分析、电子光谱、红外光谱、荧光光谱和激光拉曼光谱进行表征。研究了ＭＬ存在下，用氧气氧化芳醛的过程，测定了反应体系的吸氧动力学曲线，研究了氧化过程金属卟啉可见光谱变化以及底物和金属卟啉浓度对反应的影响。结果表明，ＣｏＬ能加速芳醛氧化反应，最大吸氧速率随ＣｏＬ浓度的增加而增大，但反应诱导期随ＣｏＬ浓度增大而延长。     

Dynamics of alkane hydroxylation at the non-heme diiron center in methane monooxygenase

Semiclassical molecular dynamics simulations have been combined with quantum chemistry calculations to provide detailed modeling of the methane and ethane hydroxylation reactions catalyzed by the hydroxylase enzymes of the soluble methane monooxygenase system. The experimental distribution of enantiomeric alcohols in the reaction of ethanes made chiral by the use of hydrogen isotopes is quantitatively reproduced and explained. The reaction dynamics involve a mixture of concerted and bound radical trajectories, and we characterize each of these reactive channels in detail. Diffusion of the bound radical intermediate at the active site core determines the global rate constant. The results also provide a qualitative rationale for the lack of ring-opened products derived from certain radical clock substrate probes and for the relative rate constants and kinetic isotope effects exhibited by a variety of substrates.     

硅钼钒和硅钨钒杂多酸的制备及其在苯直接羟基化制苯酚中的活性研究

本文采用分步反应、分步酸化法制备了硅钼钒和硅钨钒杂多酸,用等离子原子发射光谱、热重分析、红外、紫外、粉末X射线对制备的化合物进行了表征。结果表明,制备所得化合物为Keggin结构的杂多酸。同时,本文还用该杂多酸作催化剂,研究了其对由苯直接氧化羟基化合成苯酚的催化活性,结果显示,在本文条件下,用所合成的杂多酸作催化剂,可获得17.2%苯酚收率和高于90%的苯酚选择性。     

贵金属单原子催化剂的制备及其在CO、VOCs完全氧化反应中的应用北大核心CSCD

为有效提高负载型催化剂中贵金属的原子利用效率,贵金属单原子催化剂逐渐成为一个研究热点和前沿课题.我们针对单原子催化剂在催化氧化领域中的应用,综述了几种贵金属单原子催化剂的典型制备方法,包括原子层沉积法、湿法化学法、光化学辅助法、热解法等,并讨论了上述方法的优缺点.此外,对比传统贵金属负载型催化剂,我们重点讨论了贵金属基单原子催化剂在CO催化氧化、挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)催化氧化、催化机理等催化氧化过程中的最新研究进展,尤其是贵金属基单原子催化剂在低温低浓度催化氧化过程中表现出的优异催化活性、抗水性和抗毒性,表明该类催化剂具备极大的工业应用潜力.最后,进一步从大规模工业应用角度探讨了单原子催化剂目前面临的挑战和可能的解决办法,期望可以为应用于催化氧化过程的高效、稳定的单原子催化剂的设计提供思路.     

Regio-selective hydroxylation of gem-difluorinated octanes by alkane hydroxylase (AlkB)

gem-Difluoromethylene substituted molecules constitute a distinct class of fluorinated compounds. In this study, special chemistry has been developed for their preparation based on the highly selective terminal hydroxylation of these gem-difluorinated octanes by AlkB (alkane hydroxylase) from Pseudomonas putida Gpo1 to form gem-difluorinated octan-1-ols. The hydroxylation reaction is performed by whole-cell catalysis. Identification of the distal- and proximal-hydroxylation products was made by ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹⁹F NMR; GC and GC/MSD; and/or by comparison with authentic standards in GC. To the best of our knowledge, we have obtained the first synthesis of 2,2-, 3,3- and 4,4-difluorooctan-1-ols, from simple and inexpensive starting materials.