TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化合成苹果酯

以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/TiO2为多相催化剂，通过乙酰乙酸乙酯和乙二醇反应合成了苹果酯，探讨TiSiW12O40/TiO2对缩酮反应的催化活性，较系统地研究了原料量比，催化剂肜量，反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响，实验表明：TiSiW12O40/TiO2是合成苹果酯的良好催化剂，在n(乙酰乙酸乙酯）：n(乙二醇）＝1：1．5，催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1．0％，环己烷为带水剂，反应时间50min的优化条件下，苹果酯的收率可达84．1％。     

TiSiW12O40/TiO2催化合成己酸异戊酯

报道了以固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/TiO4为多相催化剂，通过己酸和异戊醇反应合成了己酸异戊酯，探讨了TiSiW12O40/TiO4对酯化反应的催化活性，较系统地研究了醇酸摩尔比，催化剂用量，反应时间诸因素对收率的影响，实验表明：TiSiW12O40/TiO4是合成己酸异戊酯的良好催化剂，在n(醇）：n(酸）＝1．6：1，催化剂用量为反应物总质量的1．5％，反应时间45min，使用环己烷为带水剂的适宜条件下，己酸异戊酯的收率可达91．9％。     

稀土固体超强酸SO4^2—／TiO2／Ce（Ⅳ）催化合成乙酸正丁酯

以SO4^2-/TiO2/Ce(Ⅳ)为催化剂，乙酸和正丁醇为原料合成了乙酸正丁酯，在n(醇)：n(酸)＝1．4，催化剂0．5g(乙酸200mmol时)，反应时间1．5h的优化反应条件下，酯化率在96％以上。     

固体超强酸ZrO2/S2O28-催化合成乙酸正己酯

以固体超强酸ZrO2／S2O8^2-为催化剂，乙酸和正己醇为原料合成了乙酸正己酯，考察了反应条件对酯化率的影响,结果表明，最佳反应条件为：醇酸摩尔比1．4，催化剂用量0．5g(当乙酸用量为0．1mol时)，带水剂苯15mL，在110-118℃反应1．5h，其酯化率达92％以上．该方法的优点是酯化率高，催化剂可重复使用且基本不腐蚀设备．     

乙烯直接氧化制乙酸催化剂Pd-H3PO4-Cu/Al2O3的研究

以浸渍法制备了一系列不同Pd担载量的Pd-H3PO4-Cu／Al2O3催化剂，采用微型固定床反应器对乙烯直接氧化合成乙酸工艺进行了活性评价．考查了Pd含量、不同助剂的添加、Cu氧化物含量等对催化剂性能的影响并采用TPR，SEM等方法进行了结构表征．实验结果表明：各组分含量为ωpd=3％，ωH3PO4=50％，ωCu=9．5％时，该催化剂具有较理想的活性与选择性．在反应温度为200℃、压力为0．8Mpa、原料气物质的量比为n(C2H4)：n(O2)：n(N2)：n(H2O)=50：6：14：30的条件下，乙烯的转化率与乙酸的选择性分别达3．8％和86．3％。在Pd-H3PO4／Al2O3催化剂中引入Cu的化合物后，不仅提高了催化剂的活性，而且催化剂的稳定性也有显提高．     

V_2O_5/TiO_2催化剂上微波对甲苯选择氧化反应条件的影响

在微波辐射条件下，考察了甲苯选择氧化过程中催化剂床层温度、O2／甲苯的比例、原料气总空速以及V2O5担载量等条件对TiO2催化剂活性的影响。实验结果表明，在微波作用下，当床层温度在250℃，O2／甲苯（摩尔比）＝6，原料气总空速：10000mLh－1时，在催化剂8％V2O5／TiO2（w）上苯甲酸的收率达到23％（w）．苯甲醛的收率达到9％（w）。与传统加热的催化过程相比．苯甲酸的收率明显提高。本文初步探讨了微波对催化剂活性的影响。     

固体超强酸ZrO2/S2O2-8催化合成肉桂酸甲酯

研究了在固体超强酸ZrO2／S2O8^2-催化下，肉桂酸与甲醇作用合成肉桂酸甲酯的工艺．考查了催化剂的用量、酸醇摩尔比、反应时间及催化剂的性能对反应的影响．最佳反应条件为：n(肉桂酸)：n(甲醇)=1：l0，m(肉桂酸)：m(催化剂)=3：1，反应温度90—95℃，反应时间5h，酯化率为95．7％．     

乙烯直接氧化制乙酸的研究Ⅱ．助剂对Pd－Se／H4SiW12O40／SiO2催化性能的影响

 研究了不同助剂促进的负载型Pd－Se／H4SiW12O40／SiO2催化剂对乙烯直接氧化制乙酸反应的影响．采用固定床微反装置评价了催化剂的性能，并采用C2H4和O2吸附量测定、吸附C2H4的TPD－MS和TPSR－MS等技术对催化剂进行了表征．结果表明，以SiO2为载体，以硅钨酸为助剂，Pd－Se－Na－Ru组成的催化剂体系其催化性能比文献报道的结果明显提高．在原料气配比n（C2H4）∶n（N2）∶n（O2）∶n（H2O）＝55∶14∶9∶22，反应物空速GHSV＝3844h－1，反应压力p＝1．4MPa，反应温度θ＝155℃条件下，乙烯的转化率和乙酸的选择性分别为8．0％和87．4％，乙酸的单程时空产率达372．0g／（L·h）．吸附量测定表明，吸附在催化剂表面上的C2H4／O2比值高对于提高乙酸的选择性是有利的．     

SO4^2-/TiO2催化合成乙酸戊酯

以Ti（OBu）4为原料，采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了固体超强酸SO4^2-/TiO2，其结构经XRD，DRS及IR表征。以SO4^2-/TiO2为催化剂，通过乙酸与戊醇反应合成了乙酸戊酯。讨论了影响酯化率的主要因素。实验结果表明，当催化剂用量为0．6g，乙酸87．3mmol，醇酸摩尔比为1．4：1．0，于115℃反应6h时，平行实验的平均酯化率可达94．2％。     

TiO2薄膜光催化臭氧化邻苯二酚

 研究了用碳黑改性的TiO2薄膜催化剂光催化氧化邻苯二酚的反应．结果表明，臭氧投加量对邻苯二酚的降解和总有机碳（TOC）的去除有重要影响，与光催化氧化（TiO2／UV／O2）、单独臭氧化（O3）和光助臭氧化（UV／O3）过程相比，邻苯二酚光催化臭氧化（TiO2／UV／O3）过程能明显增大TOC的去除率．动力学研究表明，邻苯二酚完全氧化过程遵循零级反应，TOC的降解仅取决于臭氧或氧气的浓度而与邻苯二酚的浓度无关；邻苯二酚在TiO2／UV／O3作用下完全氧化的速率常数是UV／O3作用下的1．32～1．80倍（在相同的臭氧浓度下），是TiO2／UV／O2作用下最大速率常数的2．56～5．36倍，是UV／O2作用下最大速\r\n率常数的5．47～11．4倍．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.