氢化丁苯共聚物结构的核磁共振波谱表征Ⅱ.微观结构的定量计算

在氢化丁苯共聚物¹³C-NMR谱脂肪碳部分谱带归属的基础上,根据各谱带的主要来源,推导出六个二单元浓度的计算公式。计算出二单元、一单元的相对含量,各结构单元的数均序列长度、嵌段含量和其它结构参数。加氢前后的¹H-和¹³C-NMR谱的组成计算结果基本一致。初步探讨了作为粘度指数改进剂的氢化丁苯共聚物微观结构与性能的关系,为合成提供了依据。     

用13C NMP研究环氧乙烷(EO)-环氧丙烷(PO)共聚物链结构

本文用¹³C-NMR研究EO-PO无规共聚物的序列结构,通过实验结果证明了Whipple等提出的以EO为中心的三单元组序列归属是合理的,得到一组取代参数,并在此基础上发现了EO'PO嵌段共聚物嵌段键合处特征峰,论述了无规共聚物和嵌段共聚物¹³C NMR谱的差异。     

异戊二烯与甲基丙烯酸甲酯交替共聚物及其嵌段共聚物的13C-NMR研究

本文以¹³C-NMR方法研究了异戊二烯(IP)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的交替共聚物Poly (IP-a-MMA)及其与苯乙烯(ST)和丙烯酸甲酯(MA)交替共聚物Poly (ST-a-MA)的嵌段共聚物Poly[(ST-a-MA)-b-(IP-a-MMA)-b-(ST-a-MA)]的微观结构,结果表明在完全交替的共聚物中,IP单元主要以反-1,4-结构存在。IP和MMA以"头-头"和"头-尾"两种方式共聚,而以前者为主。     

氢化丁苯共聚物结构的核磁共振波谱表征——Ⅱ.微观结构的定量计算

在氢化丁苯共聚物~(13)C-NMR谱脂肪碳部分谱带归属的基础上,根据各谱带的主要来源,推导出六个二单元浓度的计算公式。计算出二单元、一单元的相对含量,各结构单元的数均序列长度、嵌段含量和其它结构参数。加氢前后的~1H-和~(13)C-NMR谱的组成计算结果基本一致。初步探讨了作为粘度指数改进剂的氢化丁苯共聚物微观结构与性能的关系,为合成提供了依据。     

氢化丁苯共聚物结构的核磁共振波谱表征Ⅰ.13C谱带的归属

本文分别用JEOL FX-90Q和Bruker AM-300波谱仪测定了氢化聚丁二烯和氢化丁苯共聚物的¹H,¹³C-NMR谱,得到了分辨率较高的谱图和新的结构信息。借助DEPT技术确定了各谱带的CH或CH₂类型。利用Grant-Paul和Lindeman-Adams介绍的化学位移经验计算公式,考虑苯基对α、β和γ碳原子的影响,计算了各种三单元序列中有关碳原子的化学位移。对脂肪碳部分的28组谱带重新进行了归属。化学位移计算值与实测值基本相符,并得到了不同组成的模型聚合物¹³C-NMR谱的各谱带强度变化规律的验证。     

高分子共聚物组成的13C-NMR测定

用DEPT编辑谱方法确定了丙烯酸丁酯-醋酸乙烯酯-丙烯酸共聚物的¹³C-NMR谱线归属,采用门控去偶,增加延迟时间,减小脉冲翻转角的方法,用¹³C-NMR定量地测定了其主要组成。     

水解聚丙烯酰胺的13C-NMR测定

本文研究了在不同pH条件下P(AM/AA)溶液的¹³C-NMR谱,观察了谱峰的化学位移变化和分裂情况,对比了均聚物PAM和PAA的¹³C-NMR谱,对P(AM/AA)¹³C-NMR谱的各共振峰进行了归属,证实P(AM/AA)共聚物C=O碳峰的分裂只与分子链共聚序列结构相关,并得出了C=O碳分裂峰所对应的三单元序列结构。     

乙丙橡胶共聚物的13C-NMR研究

用溶剂CCl₄,在室温(22℃)条件下,对三种乙丙橡胶共聚物进行¹³C-NMR测定,得到分辨率较高的图谱,标识了各种类型C原子,确定了共聚单体组成和序列分布。结果表明,样品A、B具有嵌段丙烯和嵌段乙烯序列结构可能性较大,样品C具有交替丙烯-乙烯-丙烯序列的倾向较大。用两种统计模型对三个样品的三元组分布进行处理来推测聚合反应机理。     

氨基酸、肽-雌甾衍生物的13C-NMR研究

本文研究了八个新化合物-氨基酸、肽-雌甾衍生物的¹³C-NMR谱,讨论了谱蜂的特征,并借助于¹³C-NMR谱确证了此类新化合物的形成。     

13C及29Si核磁共振研究苯乙烯-二甲基硅氧烷嵌段共聚物的弛豫及分子运动

用¹³C及²⁹Si核磁共振研究了苯乙烯(S)及二甲基硅氧烷(Si)嵌段共聚物中硅氧烷软段的固体及溶液谱的自旋-晶格弛豫时间T₁。固态嵌段共聚物主链²⁹Si及侧甲基¹³C的T₁都与均聚物的T₁相近,但在CdCl₃溶液中各种嵌段共聚物的T₁与均聚硅氧烷相差颇大。用偶极-偶极相互作用来解释高聚物的自旋-晶格弛豫。苯乙烯-二甲基硅氧烷嵌段共聚物具两相结构,所以嵌段共聚物中软段及硬段微区中链段的运动与在均聚物分子中链段的运动模式基本相同。而CdCl₃对聚苯乙烯或聚硅氧烷都是良溶剂,软段硬段之间有相互影响。所以其链段运动与均聚物不同,从而导致链段运动的相关时间τ_c变短和T₁的增长。     

苯乙烯和马来酸酐共聚物的13C NMR谱解析和分子链结构表征

通过比较高温110 ℃下特定苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物H10和常温紫外辐照特定共聚合的苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物UV4的¹³C质子去偶谱和DEPT135谱，总结给出共聚
物链中马来酸酐环中酸酐基的取代效应参数（α=13.5、β=2.5、γ=-2）及引用苯基取代参数：α=16、β=6、γ=-2，对共聚物主链碳的化学位移进行了经验计算，对所有碳，尤其是主链碳在三单元组或四单元组水平上进行了链序列结构归属. 在进行峰面积积分的基础上，对共聚物分子链两种组份摩尔比或摩尔含量、交替度、链嵌段长度、马来酸酐环残基中顺反异构体比和共聚物数均分子量等进行了表征. 共聚物UV4比H10的交替度高许多，表明聚合温度对苯乙烯和马来酸酐共聚合交替链结构的形成有重要影响.     

由芴炔撑和苯并噻二唑组成的新型共轭聚合物的合成与光学性能

采用Pd(PPh₃)₄和CuI作为催化剂,在三乙胺和甲苯溶液中,采用2,7-二乙炔基-9,9-二辛基芴(PFE)和4,7-二溴-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑(BT),以不同配料比合成了一系列新型的聚芳炔聚合物。所有这些聚合物的数均分子质量M_n约为4000~12000,并在三氯甲烷和甲苯中都有很好的溶解性。研究了其紫外-可见吸收光谱、光致发光性能。随着共聚物中BT的增加,共聚物的光致发光的发射波长有少量红移,证明了由宽能带的2,7-二乙炔基-9,9-二辛基芴(PFE)和窄能带的4,7-二溴-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑(BT)组成的共聚物,由于激子在窄能带单元中的限制使得在宽能带单元和窄能带单元之间发生了有效的分子内的能量转移。因此在聚芴炔链中引入不同含量的窄带隙杂环单元可实现对聚芴发光颜色的调节。     

Simulation of NEXAFS spectra of a photo-reactive copolymer with considerably large monomer units: An ab initio molecular orbital study

We performed the simulation of near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectra of a photo-reactive copolymer with considerably large monomer units by ab initio molecular orbital calculation, in order to explain the spectral change induced by irradiation of the linearly polarized near ultra-violet (LPNUV) light. The “building block approach” is applied for the theoretical calculation to calculate the core-excited states of the polymer with such large monomer units; the monomer unit is divided into subunits, whose core-excited states are calculated individually, and the results are summed up to simulate the spectra of the polymer. With the result of the simulation, the peaks in the observed spectra were assigned. The spectral change after the LPNUV-irradiation is attributed to the change in the electronic structure caused by the breakdown of the π-conjugation system of chalconyl group after photo-dimerization.     

Preparation and Characterization of Poly (Acrylonitrile-co-1-Acryloylpyrrolidine- 2-Carboxylic Acid) with High Molecular Weight

1-acryloylpyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (APCA) monomer was copolymerized with acrylonitrile (AN) by aqueous suspension polymerization. High molecular weight (HMW) copolymers of AN and APCA [poly(AN-co-APCA)] with different copolymer composition were successfully prepared by employing azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as dispersant in a H₂O/N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) mixture at 60°C. The PAN homopolymer and copolymers were characterized by elemental analysis (EA), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The EA results indicated that the content of oxygen increased significantly in PAN copolymers with increasing APCA content. The APCA copolymer composition calculated from the EA was higher than that from ¹H NMR spectra. The FTIR spectra of PAN and poly(AN-co-APCA) with different monomer ratios confirmed that the contents of APCA units in the copolymer chains increased with increasing APCA content in the feed. The DSC exotherms revealed that copolymerization with APCA could slow the rate of the exothermic reactions during the heat-treatment processes. The XRD results indicated that the PAN homopolymer and copolymers poorly crystallized and the crystallinity decreased with increasing APCA contents.     

BSO晶体生长固/液边界层结构的实时观测研究

实时测量BSO晶体水平区熔法生长过程中,研究固/液边界层以及边界层两侧的晶体和熔体的显微拉曼光谱,晶体生长固/液边界层以及边界层两侧的熔体和晶体的结构特征, 生长基元结构从熔体结构经边界层过渡到晶体结构的变化过程。结果显示, BSO熔体中存在Bi₃O₄和[SiO₄]的键合结构; Bi₃O₄分子基团在固/液边界层聚合形成[BiO₇]八面体单体、多聚体,与[SiO₄]结构基团联结,在通过固／液边界层时进入格位。     

单甲氧基聚乙二醇-聚(己内酯-co-丙交酯)嵌段共聚物的NMR表征

利用溶液¹³C NMR和HMBC实验对AB型两亲性嵌段共聚物单甲氧基聚乙二醇－聚（己内酯-co-丙交酯）[MeOPEG-P(Cap-co-LL)]的嵌段结构以及聚（己内酯-co-丙交酯）[P(Cap-co-LL)]嵌段中Cap和LL的无规结构进行了表征. 研究发现,P(Cap-co-LL)中Cap、LL的组成对P(Cap-co-LL)的无规度、Cap和LL的酯交换程度以及不同组分的平均链长均有影响. 对LL中立体结构不同所产生的酯交换也进行了表征.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Terpolymers of poly(L-lactide-glycolide-ε-caprolactone)

Random terpolymers of poly(L-lactide-glycolide-ε-caprolactone) (PLLGC) was prepared by ring-opening polymerization of L-lactide, glycolide and ε-caprolactone monomers initiated with stannous octanoate. Fourier transform infrared spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography were employed to characterize the obtained PLLGC terpolymers. The effects of polymerization temperature, reaction time, the amount of initiator and the polymerization pressure on the weight average molecular mass and polydispersity index of the PLLGC were investigated. In addition, the water contact angle of the PLLGC was also tested. The characterization of chemical structure showed that the PLLGC was successfully synthesized. For instance, a PLLGC terpolymer with a weight average molecular mass of about 12.435?×?10⁴?Da and a polydispersity index of 1.28 was obtained when the polymerization was conducted with a molar ratio of monomer to initiator ([M]/[I]) of 2000, polymerization temperature of 140?°C, polymerization pressure of 5.0?Pa and reaction time of 24?h. The random incorporation of ε-CL monomer units decreased the wettability of the PLGA copolymers.