Contra Galileo: Riccioli��s ��Coriolis-Force�� Argument on the Earth��s Diurnal Rotation

In 1651 the Italian astronomer and physicist Giovanni Battista Riccioli (1598–1671) published his encyclopedic book, Almagestum novum, in which he presented seventy-seven arguments against the Copernican theory of the movement of the Earth, one of which foresaw an effect that physicists today attribute to the Coriolis force. Galileo Galilei (1564–1642), Isaac Newton (1642–1727), and Robert Hooke (1635–1703) investigated this argument, which raises significant questions about the nature of the opposition to the Copernican theory in the seventeenth century.     

��EAST��ص�Դ��ѹģʽ��̽��

针对EAST快控电源大电流快速响应的要求,EAST第二代等离子体垂直位移主动反馈电源在保留第一代主动反馈电源电流控制模式的同时,也可实施电压控制模式,实现电流上升率的最大化.为解决其带来的高电压输出时频繁过流保护而导致能量倒灌引发直流侧过压保护的现象,采用限流保护进行改进.经实验验证,电压模式可大幅提升电源对于等离子体垂直不稳定位移的抑制能力.     

Optimized�� �� expansion and triviality or non-triviality of field theories

We use a very simple version of the optimized (linear)??-expansion by scaling the free part of the Lagrangian with a variational parameter. This method is well suited to calculate the renormalized coupling constant in terms of the free one and the cutoff. One never has to calculate any new Feynman graphs but simply can modify existing results from the literature. We find that ?? ₄ ⁴ -theory as well as QED are free in the limit where the cutoff goes to infinity. In contrast to this, the structure of Yang-Mills theories enforces a special choice of the Lagrangian of the??-expansion. Together with the change in the sign of the??-function, this leads to a different behavior and allows Yang-Mills theory to become non trivial.     

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在常温常压下采用新型旋转电极等离子体反应器，对辉光等离子体作用下的甲烷偶联反应制C2烃进行了研究。结果表明，甲烷偶联反应的主要产物为C2H2，占C2烃的80%以上，能量效率在5.6%～11.2%之间；增加H2含量可以提高CH4转化率和C2烃收率；在500～2200kJ•mol−1的能量密度范围内，CH4转化率随能量密度的增大而线性增加，C2烃收率随着能量密度的增加呈峰形变化趋势。     

HTS��������ߵ����Ի�������ȫ����Ч��

介绍了高温超导(HTS)大电流引线设计的安全性与效率的相关理论以及实验研究。实验结果表明：安全性与阻性换热器(HEX)的电流密度和HTS组件的温度裕度相关,换热器的效率涉及冷却气流的流量、它与换热面积、传热系数、铜材RRR值和换热器的优化长度等相关。     

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为充分利用SUNIST球形托卡马克欧姆场的双向磁通,延长等离子体电流平顶时间,对欧姆场的电源系统进行了改造。提出了一种基于多个IGBT并联大电流低频开关的H桥双向放电电路,研发了该双向放电电路的核心元件——3kV/10kA级的IGBT并联大电流开关。对单相电容准恒流充电电路与三相桥式电容换流充电回路进行了研究,合理地确定了双向放电主回路中两组储能电容器C1和C2的充电系统。经过安装、调试以及初步试验,在欧姆场线圈中得到了从正10kA到负6kA的双向放电电流,等离子体电流波形也有明显改善。     

����EtherCAT ��ITER ���򳡵�Դ�ֳ�����ϵͳ���

According to the high real-time and high-reliability control requirements of ITER high-power poloidal field power supply, the industrial Ethernet field bus EtherCAT (Ethernet Control Automation Technology) with high real-time communication performance is selected to design the ITER poloidal field power field layer monitoring system. Due to the characteristics of large size and distributed distribution of the ITER poloidal field power supply device, as well as to ensure high reliability data transmission, the reliability of two kinds of EtherCAT ring network redundancy topologies are compared, and the EtherCAT ring network redundancy topology where the last station in slave station unit is an extension module converting E-BUS to 100BASE-TX/FX is more reliable and is adopted to design the structure of the poloidal field power supply monitoring system. The configuration software TwinCAT (The Windows Control and Automation Technology) is used to configure the system, and Human Machine Interfaces with functions such as visual display and control of live signals are drawn by this software. The experimental tests and operation demonstrate that the system can preferably realize real-time monitoring of hundreds of analog and digital signals on the field layer, and meet the high real-time and reliability control requirements of the ITER poloidal field power supply.     

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The design and implement of logical control and monitor system of the lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) system on HL-2A tokamak was present. The system was based on the SIEMENS S7-400 series PLC. The performance on anti-interference was increased by using the industrial ethernet network, optical fiber isolation, embedded controller technology. The interlocks, parameter setting and remote monitor were established. The lower hybrid wave was injected into HL-2A plasma with the logical control system. It shows the logical control system was successfully developed.     

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为了研究等离子体与自由液态锂表面相互作用的物理过程,建立了用氩气驱动的液态锂回路装置。介绍了建立的液态锂回路装置的组成部分、技术参数及运行原理。此回路主要由主回路、等离子体与液态锂相互作用试验段和单阴极高密度等离子体发生装置三部分组成。目前,此回路已取得一些初步的模拟结果和实验结果。     

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在自行设计与建造的液态锂铅合金鼓泡器实验系统上,开展了气-液接触法提取液态锂铅合金中的氢。实验结果表明,氦气比氩气更适合作填料塔的载带气;塔温越高,塔出口端氢含量越大;载气流速对出口端氢含量的影响呈锯齿状,无明显规律。实验结果虽然与文献数据有差别,但可以认为采用气-液接触法提取液态锂铅中的氢同位素是可行的,提取效率是随液态锂铅在填料塔中滞留的时间增长而增大的。     

Dick Crane��s California Days

Horace Richard Crane (1907–2007) was born and educated in California. His childhood was full of activities that helped him become an outstanding experimental physicist. As a graduate student at the California Institute of Technology (1930–1934), he had the good fortune to work with Charles C. Lauritsen (1892–1968) just as he introduced accelerator-based nuclear physics to Caltech. They shared the euphoric excitement of opening up a new field with simple, ingenious apparatus and experiments. This work prepared Crane for his career at the University of Michigan (1935–1973) where in the 1950s, after making the first measurement of the electron’s magnetic moment, he devised the g−2 technique and made the first measurement of the anomaly in the electron’s magnetic moment. A man of direct, almost laconic style, he made lasting contributions to the exposition of physics to the general public and to its teaching in high schools, community colleges, four-year colleges, and universities. I tell how he became a physicist and describe some of his early achievements.     

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介绍了基于PLC的EAST LHCD -35kV/5.6MW高压电源反馈控制系统设计。系统采用工控微机(PC)和PLC对高压电源进行控制,采用PID控制算法实现高压电源电压的反馈控制。操作系统是基于QNX实时操作系统。实验结果证明,该反馈控制系统具有良好的控制性和可靠的保护性。     

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在强度静力分析基础上,对S弯盒壁厚、加强筋间距等参数进行了优化设计和校核。在模态分析基础上,对模型进行了频谱分析和动态时程分析,获得地震动下确保结构安全运行的设计参数。     

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采用飞秒激光与薄膜靶相互作用测量了前向超热电子的分布和能谱。结果显示,前向超热电子主要集中在靶背法线方向附近区域发射,而超热电子的能谱呈双温类麦克斯韦分布。根据所测超热电子能谱和分布推算出前向超热电子总产额约1.23×108shot-1和前向超热电子的总能量约4.65×1011keV.shot-1,最后给出激光能量转化为前向超热电子能量的转化效率约5.72×10-4,这些结果与文献[17]的较好地一致。     

H��C/Be��ϲ��໥���õķ��Ӷ���ѧģ��

利用分子动力学方法研究了H原子与C/Be样品的相互作用过程,当H原子轰击C/Be样品时,发现有一些H原子渗入样品中并且滞留在样品中,H原子的滞留率随H原子的初始入射能量的升高呈线性增长,有些沉积在样品中H原子与C原子相互作用形成H-C键。溅射产物以H原子和H2分子为主。H和H2的产额率随初始入射能量的变化趋势相反,分析了不同机制下产物H和H2的产额率随初始入射能量的关系,且通过分析H原子的入射能量和样品的原子密度的关系来研究轰击后的样品,发现样品中原子分布变化很小,同时分析了化合物中的化学键分布变化较小,只是其化学键的分布峰向样品表面移动。     

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采用本征模式的数值打靶方法研究了离散阿尔芬本征模在DⅢ-D高性能运行条件下的物理特性,包括负磁剪切位形、高性能加热、正反中性束注入、内部输运垒以及高自举电流和甚高约束运行状态对这种阿尔芬模式的影响。在DⅢ-D托卡马克装置负磁剪切位形及先进运行状态实验参数下这些离散阿尔芬本征模存在于宽的径向区域,且具有广泛的本征频谱;高性能加热、同向中性束注入以及内部输运垒的存在有利于产生多个较深的气球模驱动势阱,由之得以很好地形成这种阿尔芬束缚态本征模;在高自举电流和甚高约束运行条件下这些离散阿尔芬本征模束缚态能够在更广的径向区域存在,且可具有较高的本征频率。另外,参照DⅢ-D装置放电实验数据的时间演变情况,这些离散阿尔芬本征模能在很宽的运行参数范围内出现,使之成为该类大型托卡马克实验中可能广泛存在的潜在不稳定性。     

Multiplicity distributions inb ��s gluon decays

The final states for the processb??sy have been extensively discussed in the literature. Similarly-detailed analyses for the caseb??s gluon have not been performed. Generally this process is searched for in 2-body decays such as B⁰??K⁺ ?? ^?. We present simple arguments to suggest that most of the time the quark-level process will give rise to final states with rather high multiplicities. Comments are made about the applicability of these results tob??d gluon and hadronicb??u decays.     

����EPICS ��HL-2A װ��ʵʱ���ͱ���ϵͳ

分析了HL-2A实验中可能存在的各种故障问题,设计并开发了一种基于EPICS网络的实时监测和报警系统。通过 SNMP 协议,以 EPICS 网络为基础,进行全域的消息监控及实时报警。实现了有效监控实验运行过程中整个 IT 系统、控制系统、采集主机等异常情况,并实时进行电话报警、短信报警、邮件报警,有效解决了实验中遇到的各种故障监测及可能引发的问题。     

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运用数值模拟程序B2.5-EIRENE对偏滤器进行了概念设计和优化,通过优化偏滤器靶板的几何结构影响中性粒子的再循环和热沉积面积,继而影响偏滤器靶板上沉积的热负载。通过对两种偏滤器靶板的几何结构的模拟,重点分析了偏滤器靶板上沉积的热负载,靶板上沉积的总热通量和电子、离子热沉积分布,以及真空室第一壁上电子、离子和总热沉积分布等参数。