Completion problem with partial correlation vines

This paper extends the results in [D. Kurowicka, R.M. Cooke, A parametrization of positive definite matrices in terms of partial correlation vines, Linear Algebra Appl. 372 (2003) 225-251]. We show that a partial correlation vine represents a factorization of the determinant of the correlation matrix. We show that the graph of an incompletely specified correlation matrix is chordal if and only if it can be represented as an m-saturated incomplete vine, that is, an incomplete vine for which all edges corresponding to membership-descendents (m-descendents for short) of a specified edge are specified. This enables us to find the set of completions, and also the completion with maximal determinant for matrices corresponding to chordal graphs.     

Positive definite completions of partial Hermitian matrices

The question of which partial Hermitian matrices (some entries specified, some free) may be completed to positive definite matrices is addressed. It is shown that if the diagonal entries are specified and principal minors, composed of specified entries, are positive, then, if the undirected graph of the specified entries is chordal, a positive definite completion necessarily exists. Furthermore, if this graph is not chordal, then examples exist without positive definite completions. In case a positive definite completion exists, there is a unique matrix, in the class of all positive definite completions, whose determinant is maximal, and this matrix is the unique one whose inverse has zeros in those positions corresponding to unspecified entries in the original partial Hermitian matrix. Additional observations regarding positive definite completions are made.     

Subdirect sums of P(P0)-matrices and totally nonnegative matrices

In this paper, the problem of when the sub-direct sum of two strictly diagonally dominant P-matrices is a strictly diagonally dominant P-matrix is studied. In particular, it is shown that the subdirect sum of overlapping principal submatrices of strictly diagonally dominant P-matrices is a strictly diagonally dominant P-matrix. It is also established that the 2-subdirect sum of two totally nonnegative matrices is a totally nonnegative matrix under some conditions. It is obtained that a partial totally nonnegative matrix, whose graph of the specified entries is a monotonically labeled 2-chordal graph, has a totally nonnegative completion. Finally, a positive answer to the question (IV) in Fallat and Johnson [Shaun M. Fallat, C.R. Johnson, J.R. Torregrosa, A.M. Urbano, P-matrix completions under weak symmetry assumptions, Linear Algebra Appl. 312 (2000) 73-91] is given for P₀-matrices.     

A direct proof for the matrix decomposition of chordal-structured positive semidefinite matrices

Agler, Helton, McCullough, and Rodman proved that a graph is chordal if and only if any positive semidefinite (PSD) symmetric matrix, whose nonzero entries are specified by a given graph, can be decomposed as a sum of PSD matrices corresponding to the maximal cliques. This decomposition is recently exploited to solve positive semidefinite programming efficiently. Their proof is based on a characterization for PSD matrix completion of a chordal-structured matrix due to Grone, Johnson, Sá, and Wolkowicz. This note gives a direct and simpler proof for the result of Agler et al., which leads to an alternative proof of Grone et al.     

The copositive completion problem: Unspecified diagonal entries

In [L. Hogben, C.R. Johnson, R. Reams, The copositive matrix completion problem, Linear Algebra Appl. 408 (2005) 207-211] it was shown that any partial (strictly) copositive matrix all of whose diagonal entries are specified can be completed to a (strictly) copositive matrix. In this note we show that every partial strictly copositive matrix (possibly with unspecified diagonal entries) can be completed to a strictly copositive matrix, but there is an example of a partial copositive matrix with an unspecified diagonal entry that cannot be completed to a copositive matrix.     

Positive semidefinite matrix completions on chordal graphs and constraint nondegeneracy in semidefinite programming

Let G=(V,E) be a graph. In matrix completion theory, it is known that the following two conditions are equivalent: (i) G is a chordal graph; (ii) Every G-partial positive semidefinite matrix has a positive semidefinite matrix completion. In this paper, we relate these two conditions to constraint nondegeneracy condition in semidefinite programming and prove that they are each equivalent to (iii) For any G-partial positive definite matrix that has a positive semidefinite completion, constraint nondegeneracy is satisfied at each of its positive semidefinite matrix completions.     

非负定阵元素的扰动和正定完备化

在保持非负定性不变的前提下,本文对矩阵每一元素容许多大的扰动作了进一步的研究, 将本文的结论和C．R．Johnson提出的部分正定阵的正定完备化进行比较,容易发现对已知的正定矩阵求扰动,本文的结论比用C．R.Johnson的正定完备化计算扰动形式上更简单,同时也给出了不同于C．R．Johnson的部分正定阵的正定完备化表示的另外一个公式,推出了这些正定完备化矩阵应具有的若干性质．     

Inertia possibilities for completions of partial hermitian matrices *

A partial Hermitian matrix is one in which some entries are specified and others are considered to be free (complex) variables. Assuming the undirected graph of the specified entries is chordal, it is shown that, with certain mild restrictions, a partial Hermitian matrix may be completed to a Hermitian matrix with any inertia allowed by the specified principal submatrices through the interlacing inequalities. This generalizes earlier work dealing with the existence of positive definite completions, and. as before, the chordality assumption is, in general, necessary. Further related observations dealing with Toeplitz completions and the minimum eigenvalues of completions are also made, and these raise additional questions.     

Inertia possibilities for completions of partial hermitian matrices

A partial Hermitian matrix is one in which some entries are specified and others are considered to be free (complex) variables. Assuming the undirected graph of the specified entries is chordal, it is shown that, with certain mild restrictions, a partial Hermitian matrix may be completed to a Hermitian matrix with any inertia allowed by the specified principal submatrices through the interlacing inequalities. This generalizes earlier work dealing with the existence of positive definite completions, and. as before, the chordality assumption is, in general, necessary. Further related observations dealing with Toeplitz completions and the minimum eigenvalues of completions are also made, and these raise additional questions.     

Minimum rank problems

A graph describes the zero-nonzero pattern of a family of matrices, with the type of graph (undirected or directed, simple or allowing loops) determining what type of matrices (symmetric or not necessarily symmetric, diagonal entries free or constrained) are described by the graph. The minimum rank problem of the graph is to determine the minimum among the ranks of the matrices in this family; the determination of maximum nullity is equivalent. This problem has been solved for simple trees [P.M. Nylen, Minimum-rank matrices with prescribed graph, Linear Algebra Appl. 248 (1996) 303-316, C.R. Johnson, A. Leal Duarte, The maximum multiplicity of an eigenvalue in a matrix whose graph is a tree, Linear and Multilinear Algebra 46 (1999) 139-144], trees allowing loops [L.M. DeAlba, T.L. Hardy, I.R. Hentzel, L. Hogben, A. Wangsness. Minimum rank and maximum eigenvalue multiplicity of symmetric tree sign patterns, Linear Algebra Appl. 418 (2006) 389-415], and directed trees allowing loops [F. Barioli, S. Fallat, D. Hershkowitz, H.T. Hall, L. Hogben, H. van der Holst, B. Shader, On the minimum rank of not necessarily symmetric matrices: a preliminary study, Electron. J. Linear Algebra 18 (2000) 126-145]. We survey these results from a unified perspective and solve the minimum rank problem for simple directed trees.     

The elliptic matrix completion problem

Completions of partial elliptic matrices are studied. Given an undirected graph G, it is shown that every partial elliptic matrix with graph G can be completed to an elliptic matrix if and only if the maximal cliques of G are pairwise disjoint. Further, given a partial elliptic matrix A with undirected graph G, it is proved that if G is chordal and each specified principal submatrix defined by a pair of intersecting maximal cliques is nonsingular, then A can be completed to an elliptic matrix. Conversely, if G is nonchordal or if the regularity condition is relaxed, it is shown that there exist partial elliptic matrices which are not completable to an elliptic matrix. In the process we obtain several results concerning chordal graphs that may be of independent interest.     

Matrix pencils completion problems

In this paper we give a partial solution to the challenge problem posed by Loiseau et al. in [J. Loiseau, S. Mondié, I. Zaballa, P. Zagalak, Assigning the Kronecker invariants of a matrix pencil by row or column completion, Linear Algebra Appl. 278 (1998) 327-336], i.e. we assign the Kronecker invariants of a matrix pencil obtained by row or column completion. We have solved this problem over arbitrary fields.     

Singular, nonsingular, and bounded rank completions of ACI-matrices

An affine column independent matrix is a matrix whose entries are polynomials of degree at most 1 in a number of indeterminates where no indeterminate appears with a nonzero coefficient in two different columns. A completion is a matrix obtained by giving values to each of the indeterminates. Affine column independent matrices are more general than partial matrices where each entry is either a constant or a distinct indeterminate. We determine when the rank of all completions of an affine column independent matrix is bounded by a given number, generalizing known results for partial matrices. We also characterize the square partial matrices over a field all of whose completions are nonsingular. The maximum number of free entries in such matrices of a given order is determined as well as the partial matrices with this maximum number of free entries.     

Partial matrices whose completions have ranks bounded below

A partial matrix over a field F is a matrix whose entries are either elements of F or independent indeterminates. A completion of such a partial matrix is obtained by specifying values from F for the indeterminates. We determine the maximum possible number of indeterminates in a partial m×n matrix whose completions all have rank at least equal to a particular k, and we fully describe those examples in which this maximum is attained. Our main theoretical tool, which is developed in Section 2, is a duality relationship between affine spaces of matrices in which ranks are bounded below and affine spaces of matrices in which the (left or right) nullspaces of elements possess a certain covering property.     

Superoptimal completions of triangular matrices

We construct the unique completion of a partial triangular matrix with compact operator entries that has the property that its sequence of singular values is minimal in lexicographical order among all completions. In addition some partial results regarding the singular values of this superoptimal completion are presented.The research was done while the author visited the Department of Mathematics at the George Washington University.Supported by the College of William and Mary     

On a matrix decomposition of Hartwig and Spindelböck

The main task of the paper is to demonstrate that Corollary 6 in [R.E. Hartwig, K. Spindelböck, Matrices for which A^∗ and A^† commute, Linear and Multilinear Algebra 14 (1984) 241-256] provides a powerful tool to investigate square matrices with complex entries. This aim is achieved, on the one hand, by obtaining several original results involving square matrices, and, on the other hand, by reestablishing some of the facts already known in the literature, often in extended and/or generalized forms. The particular attention is paid to the usefulness of the aforementioned corollary to characterize various classes of matrices and to explore matrix partial orderings.     

When the positivity of the leading principal minors implies the positivity of all principal minors of a matrix

An n-by-n real matrix A enjoys the “leading implies all” (LIA) property, if, whenever D   is a diagonal matrix such that A+D$A+D$ has positive leading principal minors (PMs), all PMs of A are positive. Symmetric and Z-matrices are known to have this property. We give a new class of matrices (“mixed matrices”) that both unifies and generalizes these two classes and their special diagonal equivalences by also having the LIA property. “Nested implies all” (NIA) is also enjoyed by this new class.     

On completions of symmetric and antisymmetric block diagonal partial matrices

A partial matrix is a matrix where only some of the entries are given. We determine the maximum rank of the symmetric completions of a symmetric partial matrix where only the diagonal blocks are given and the minimum rank and the maximum rank of the antisymmetric completions of an antisymmetric partial matrix where only the diagonal blocks are given.