CTS试样Ⅰ/Ⅱ混合型断裂特性数值计算研究

采用CTS试样研究Ⅰ/Ⅱ混合型断裂特性计算裂纹前缘应力强度因子时可采用解析公式,一旦裂纹发生扩展,解析公式便不再适用.文中采用有限元法研究紧凑拉伸剪切(CTS)试样在Ⅰ/Ⅱ平面混合型加载下的裂纹扩展行为.采用ANSYS建立CTS试样Ⅰ/Ⅱ混合型测试系统有限元模型,为模拟真实受力状态,在CTS试样-销-扇型夹具以及扇型夹具-销-U型夹具之间分别建立接触对进行接触力学分析.通过与解析公式结果进行对比验证了该数值方法的可靠性.采用最大环向应力准则(MTS),模拟了CTS试样不同加载角度下的裂纹扩展路径,获得了裂纹扩展路径中应力强度因子随裂纹长度的变化曲线,解释了裂纹扩展路径不与外载荷方向垂直的原因.结合文中计算结果,在CTS试样Ⅰ/Ⅱ混合型裂纹扩展速率实验测得裂纹长度与寿命的关系曲线a-N的基础上,便可得到材料Ⅰ/Ⅱ型混合型裂纹扩展速率曲线.     

CTS试件中复合型疲劳裂纹扩展

针对复合型循环载荷作用下的金属构件中的裂纹扩展问题进行了实验分析和理论建模. 首先 采用紧凑拉剪试件(CTS)和 Richard研制的复合型载荷加载装置，对承受复合型循环载荷的裂纹进行了实验研究. 实验选择了两种金属材料试件，分别承受3种形式的复合型循环载荷的作用，在裂纹尖端具 有相同的初始应力场强度的条件下考察复合型循环载荷对裂纹扩展规律的影响. 实验结果表明，疲劳裂纹的扩展速率与加载角度有关. 对于同样金属材料的试件，当裂尖处 初始应力场强度相等时，载荷越接近于II型，裂纹增长速率越快. 采用等效应力强度 因子(I型和II型应力强度因子的组合)、裂纹扩展速率及复合强度等参数，以实验数据为 基础，建立了一个疲劳裂纹扩展模型，用来预测裂纹在不同模式疲劳载荷作用下的扩展速率. 为验证其有效性，该模型被应用于钢制试件的数值模拟计算中. 实验结果与模拟计算曲线保 持一致，表明该模型可以用来估算带裂纹金属构件的寿命.     

航空结构铝合金Ⅰ/Ⅱ复合型断裂的三维弹塑性数值分析

在LC4CS铝合金三维Ⅰ/Ⅱ复合型断裂实验的基础上,对Ⅰ/Ⅱ复合型加载模型进行了细致的三维弹塑性有限元计算,系统分析了不同复合度φ和厚度B对裂纹端部应力场和起裂角的影响.结果表明,对于不同φ和B的试样,周向应力极大值和三维离面约束因子极小值出现在相同的角度;根据最大周向应力准则,在Ⅰ型载荷占主导(βeq＞65.45°)...     

An edge-cracked Mode II fracture specimen

A proposed edge-cracked Mode II fracture specimen is analyzed using an extended photoelastic-numerical procedure. It is shown that the Mode II stress-intensity factor is significantly higher for the longest edge-crack considered and the Mode I deformation is negligible, demonstrating the merits of this specimen for Mode II fracture-toughness testing.     

Effects of mixed-mode overloading on the mixed-mode I+II fatigue crack growth

In this study, the finite element modeling of the compact tension shear specimens has been used to evaluate the effects of overloading on fatigue crack growth with mixed-mode loading I+II. Element creation and modeling is done by CASCA software. FRANC2D was used for stress analysis and the determination of crack parameters. Life estimation of samples was done by using the software ETBX. To create the mixed-mode I+II, different loading angles of 0, 15, 45 and 75 degrees (with respect to normal direction to the crack surface) were used with various overloading ratios. The effects of residual stresses due to overloading with saving and restoring capabilities were considered as a separate loading. To confirm the modeling results, models were built with ABAQUS and also compared with the results of numerical and experimental data in the literature. There are good agreements in determining the path of the crack growth and life estimation. The effects of the loading direction, overloading ratio and its load ratio, combination of overloadings and their locations on the fatigue crack growth and life are investigated.     

紧凑拉剪试样中Ⅰ/Ⅱ复合型穿透裂纹的三维特性分析

进行了Ⅰ/Ⅱ复合型载荷作用下航空结构铝合金CTS试样线弹性的全场三维有限元计算,分析了复合型离面应力约束因子Tz和面内约束T应力的分布特性,研究了厚度和载荷条件对应力各分量及应力三轴性水平Rσ、应变能密度U0的影响以及这些量在实验中观察到的裂纹起裂方向上的特点。结果表明：（1）平面内约束T应力在此种试样形式下为零;（2...     

Interlaminar fracture toughness of graphite/epoxy composite under mixed-mode deformations

An antisymmetric test fixture is employed to investigate interlaminar fracture behavior in graphite/epoxy composite material under mixed-mode deformations. Finite correction factors for the graphite/epoxy fracture specimen with various crack lengths are used to determine the interlaminar fracture toughness by finite-element stress analysis. Interlaminar fracture characteristics of graphite/epoxy composite material under mode-I, mode-II and mixed-mode deformations are evaluated experimentally. A mixed-mode fracture criterion is also investigated to obtain information on mixedmode interlaminar fracture behavior of graphite/epoxy composite material.Paper was presented at the 1988 SEM Spring Conference on Experimental Mechanics held in Portland, OR on June 5–10.     

On determination of mode II fracture toughness using semi-circular bend specimen

The cracked semi-circular specimen subjected to three-point bending has been recognized as an appropriate test specimen for conducting mode I, mode II and mixed mode I/II fracture tests in brittle materials. The manufacturing and pre-cracking of the specimen are simple. No complicated loading fixture is also required for a fracture test. However, almost all of the theoretical criteria available for mixed mode brittle fracture fail to predict the experimentally determined mode II fracture toughness obtained from the semi-circular bend (SCB) specimen. In this paper, a modified maximum tangential stress criterion is used for calculating mode II fracture toughness K_IIc in terms of mode I fracture toughness K_Ic. The modified criterion is used for predicting the reported values of mode II fracture toughness for two brittle materials: a rock material (Johnstone) and a brittle polymer (PMMA). It is shown that the modified criterion provides very good predictions for experimental results.     

FEM analysis on mixed-mode fracture of CSM-GRP

A FEM analysis for studying mixed-mode fracture problem of chopped strand mat glass fibre reinforced polyester laminate is presented. The analysis is formulated on the basis of 8-node quadrilateral isoparametric element. The collapsed triangular quarter-point singular elements were used for calculating stress intensity factors K_Ι and K_Ⅱ.The crack propagation process was computed by implementing constraint release technique. Three different approaches to the solution of stress intensity factors K_Ι and K_Ⅱ were compared. The effect of constraint condition imposed upon the displacement of the three collapsed nodes of the crack tip elements on the K_Ι and K_Ⅱ results was evaluated. The mixed-mode critical stress intensity factors K_ΙC and K_ⅡC were estimated for CSM-GRP through the consideration of K_Ι and K_Ⅱ calculated and the measured failure load and critical crack length in the experiment.     

混凝土复合型裂纹扩展的非局部近场动力学建模分析

基于非局部近场动力学理论,构建了修正的能反映混凝土宏观拉压异性和断裂特征的近场动力学本构模型,开发了相应的离散、加载和时间积分算法,实现典型混凝土构件中复合型裂纹扩展过程模拟。在物质点对尺度上定义局部损伤并考虑物质点对的相对转动,通过求解时空微-积分方程实现裂纹的自然萌生与扩展,避免裂尖不连续带来的求解奇异性、网格依赖性和网格重构以及常规近场动力学本构模型的泊松比限制。通过含单边和双边初始裂纹四点剪切混凝土梁裂纹扩展破坏全过程模拟,得到破坏形态、破坏荷载以及完整的荷载-裂纹开口滑移曲线,并与试验和其他数值模拟结果对比,验证了模型的精确性和算法的稳定性。     

A unified potential-based cohesive model of mixed-mode fracture

A generalized potential-based constitutive model for mixed-mode cohesive fracture is presented in conjunction with physical parameters such as fracture energy, cohesive strength and shape of cohesive interactions. It characterizes different fracture energies in each fracture mode, and can be applied to various material failure behavior (e.g. quasi-brittle). The unified potential leads to both intrinsic (with initial slope indicators to control elastic behavior) and extrinsic cohesive zone models. Path dependence of work-of-separation is investigated with respect to proportional and non-proportional paths—this investigation demonstrates consistency of the cohesive constitutive model. The potential-based model is verified by simulating a mixed-mode bending test. The actual potential is named PPR (Park-Paulino-Roesler), after the first initials of the authors’ last names.