3,4-二氨基呋咱基氧化呋咱的合成及其晶体结构

通过3-氨基-4-氯肟基呋咱在稀碱作用下发生脱HC l,1,3-偶极反应制备了新型呋咱(氧化呋咱)类含能化合物3,4-二氨基呋咱基氧化呋咱(DAFF),产率70%。其结构经NMR,IR,四圆单晶X-射线衍射仪和元素分析表征。DAFF晶体属单斜晶系,空间群P21/c,a=0.8255(3)nm,b=0.9731(3)nm,c=1.1958(4)nm,β=91.93(3)°,Z=4,Dc=1.745 g.cm-3。DAFF分子不共面,三个环面扭曲。晶体中存在分子内和分子间氢键。     

3,4-二氨基呋咱基氧化呋咱异构体的合成与表征

将含能化合物3-氨基-4-氯肟基呋咱(ACOF)在低温下用稀碱处理后发生过渡中间体3-氨基-4-氰基呋咱氧化物(ACFO)的二聚关环反应合成了新型呋咱类含能化合物3,4-二氨基呋咱基氧化呋咱异构体(DAFF iso-m er),产率达66.3%。培养了DAFF isom er的单晶。用四圆单晶X-射线衍射仪,1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,MS及元素分析对其结构进行了表征。结果表明:DAFF isom er晶体属三斜晶系,空间群P-1,分子呈平面构型,层状晶体内存在分子内和分子间氢键,晶胞堆积层间不存在氢键。     

3-叠氮-4-氨基呋咱的合成及其晶体结构

以乙二醛和盐酸羟胺为原料,经加成,闭环和氮化反应制备了新型含能化合物3-叠氮-4-氨基呋咱(AAF),其结构经NMR,IR,X-射线单晶衍射仪及元素分析表征。AAF晶体属单斜晶系,P21/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=0.5329(16)nm,b=1.0722(3)nm,c=0.8492(2)nm,α=90.00°,β=99.03(2)°,γ=90.00°,V=0.5046(2)nm3,Dc=1.660g.cm-3,Z=4,F(000)=256,μ(MoKα)=0.138mm-1。最终偏离因子R1=0.0768,wR2=0.1983。AAF晶体存在分子间氢键。     

3,4-双(4'-叠氮基呋咱-3'-基)氧化呋咱合成、表征与晶体结构研究

自行设计了3,4-双(4'-叠氮基呋咱-3'-基)氧化呋咱(DAZTF)的分子结构与合成方法,采用3-氨基呋咱-4-酰氯肟为原料,经重氮化、叠氮化、分子间缩合环化等反应合成目标化合物DAZTF,总收率为81%,并采用红外光谱、核磁共振光谱、质谱以及元素分析等进行了结构表征;首次培养了DAZTF单晶,X射线单晶衍射结果表明:DAZTF晶体属于单斜晶系,P2(1)/n空间群,a=1.1620(6)nm,b=0.6977(4)nm,c=1.4446(8)nm,α=90o,β=98.331(9)o,γ=90o,V=1.1589(11)nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.743g/cm3,μ=0.150mm-1,F(000)=608;同时,开展了DAZTF部分性能研究,其熔点50～52℃,分解温度204.20℃,摩擦感度86%～100%(90°摆角),撞击感度86%～100%(10kg,25cm).     

3-氨基-4-氨基肟基呋咱的合成及其晶体结构

以丙二腈为原料,用一锅法合成了呋咱类含能化合物3-氨基-4-氨基肟基呋咱(AAOF),收率72.4%。用1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,MS,元素分析和四圆单晶X-射线衍射仪对其分子和晶体结构进行了表征。结果表明:AAOF晶体属单斜晶系,空间群P21/c。主要晶体结构参数为:a=0.7651(3)nm,b=1.1702(3)nm,c=1.9216(10)nm,β=96.47(4)°,V=1.7095(12)nm3,Z=12,Dc=1.668 g.cm-3,F(000)=888。AAOF分子共面性较好,晶体中存在分子内和分子间氢键。     

3,6-双(3′-氨基呋咱-4-基)-1,4-二氧杂-2,5-二氮杂环己-2,5-二烯的合成及晶体结构

以3-氨基-4-酰胺肟基呋咱(AAOF)为原料合成出了含能化合物3-氨基-4-酰氯肟基呋咱(ACOF)。用稀碱3%~5%Na2CO3水溶液处理,ACOF脱去一分子HCl生成不稳定中间体3-氨基-4-氰基呋咱的氧化物(ACFO),随后发生歧化反应,生成3,4-二(氨基呋咱基)氧化呋咱(BAFF)及其异构体3,6-双(3′-氨基呋咱-4-基)-1,4-二氧杂-2,5-二氮杂环己-2,5-二烯(BADDD)。用IR、MS1、H NMR1、3C NMR和元素分析对ACOF的分子结构进行了表征。分子和晶体结构测试表明,BADDD是一具有新颖化学分子结构的化合物。     

氨基呋咱氧化为氨基硝基呋咱的合成研究

研究开发了将氨基呋咱转化为氨基硝基呋咱新的高收率氧化方法. 采用甲烷磺酸为介质, 以过氧化氢、碱或碱土金属和胺为基的氧化物(如钨酸钠或过硫酸铵)混合物的新氧化体系[H2O2/CH3SO3H/Na2WO4或(NH4)2S2O8]代替以硫酸为介质的过氧化氢和过硫酸铵混合物氧化体系, 分别对3,4-二氨基呋咱(DAF)、3,3’-二氨基-4,4’-氧化偶氮呋咱(DAAF)和3,3’-二氨基-4,4’-偶氮呋咱(DAAzF)进行氧化, 以高于65%的产率获得了3-氨基-4-硝基呋咱(ANF)和3-氨基-3’-硝 基-4,4’-氧化偶氮呋咱(ANAF), 并以15%的收率合成得到新化合物3-氨基-3’-硝基-4,4’-偶氮呋咱(ANAzF). 研究表明甲烷磺酸/过氧化氢/碱或碱土金属和胺为基的氧化物混合物是制备同时含有氨基和硝基基团的系列呋咱化合物非常有效的氧化体系.     

3,4-二硝基呋咱的合成

以乙二醛为起始原料,常压法制备3,4-二氨基呋咱(DAF),收率56.4%,纯度98.4%.采用"一步法"氧化工艺,以50%H2O2为氧化剂,H2SO4起始浓度56.9%,于35℃反应3.5 h,由DAF合成了3,4-二硝基呋咱(DNF),收率62.5%,纯度99.8%.DNF的结构经13C NMR,IR,MS和元素分析表征.讨论了DAF氧化成DNF的反应历程.     

3,4-双（4＇-硝基呋咱-3＇-基）氧化呋咱合成、表征与性能研究

采用丙二腈为原料,经亚硝化、重排、肟化、脱水环化、分子间缩合环化以及氧化等反应合成含能化合物3,4-双（4＇-硝基呋咱-3＇-基）氧化呋咱（DNTF）,总收率为43%,并采用红外光谱、核磁共振光谱、INADEQUATE谱、质谱和元素分析等进行了结构表征.开展了DNTF物化与爆轰性能研究,其密度1.937 g/cm3,熔点109～110℃,爆速8930 m/s（ρ=1.870 g/cm3）,摩擦感度44%～60%（90°摆角）,撞击感度80%～96%（10 kg,25 cm）,特性落高H50为38.9 cm（5 kg）,爆发点315～340℃,爆热5789 J/g（ρ=1.83 g/cm3）,威力168.4%TNT当量,真空安定性（5 g样品,100℃,40 h）放气量1.09 mL.采用DSC法和TG-DTG法测定了DNTF的热稳定性,利用真空安定法研究了DNTF同1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三氮杂环己烷（RDX）,1,3,5,7-四硝基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂环辛烷（HMX）,2,4,6-三硝基甲苯（TNT）及推进剂含能组分的相容性,结果表明：DNTF具有较好的热稳定性,其分解温度为253.56℃;良好的相容性,可与常用含能材料（RDX,HMX,TNT）相容.DNTF能量较高、熔点较低、机械感度适中,安定性好,可作为新一代熔铸混合炸药的液相载体.     

3-氨基-4-硝基呋咱和3,3’-二硝基-4,4’-偶氮呋咱的合成研究

3-氨基-4-硝基呋咱(ANF)及其衍生物是一类重要的含能材料. ANF的制备首先以乙二醛、盐酸羟胺和氢氧化钠为原料, 经过两步反应制得3,4-二氨基呋咱(DAF), 采用新的氧化体系过氧化氢/甲烷磺酸/钨酸钠混合物(H2O2/CH3SO3H/ Na2WO4)代替原氧化体系过氧化氢/硫酸/过硫酸铵混合物[H2O2/H2SO4/(NH4)2S2O8]氧化DAF以67%的产率获得了ANF. 然后在单电子氧化体系高锰酸钾/盐酸混合物作用下ANF发生氧化反应以54.7%的产率得到3,3’-二硝基- 4,4’-偶氮呋咱(DNAzF). 研究表明过氧化氢/甲烷磺酸/钨酸钠混合物是制备氨基硝基单/多呋咱非常有效的氧化体系.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 3,4—Bis（azidoacetamino）furazan

1INTRODUCTIONDuringthepastthreedecades,1,2,5-oxadiazole(furazan)hasbeenstudiedintheN.D.ZelinskyInstituteofOrganicChemistry[1,2],anditwasfoundthatthearomaticityoffurazanringusuallyincreasesthethermalstabilityofitsderivativesandtheplanarityoftheringprovidesthemwithhighdensity.TheweaknessoftheNObondsinfurazanwassuggestedbyananalysisofitsmass-spectrum[3].Itagreeswiththeresultsoftheresonanceformsoffurazan,whichiscalculatedbySaegebrath[4].Thereby,whenthechloroacetaminogroupwasintroducedintot…     

Preparation and Crystal Structure of Paeonol

1 INTRODUCTION Paeonol, 2-hydroxyl-4-methoxyacetophenone, is one ofthe main components of Moutan Cortex. It is a traditionalChinese medicine with analgesic, sedative, antiallergic,antioxidative, antinflammatory and antimicrobial proper-ties and used as a remedy for cardiovascular and femalegenital diseases[1～3]. Moreover, it is also a valuableinartificial spicery and can be widely used in domesticchemistry[4]. But the nature of water insolubility and vola-tility makes it difficult for…     

Synthesis under Microwave Irradiation and Crystal Structure of 4-（3,4-Methylenedioxylphenyl）-6-methyl- 5-ethoxycaronyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2（H）-one

1 INTRODUCTION Since Biginelli firstly reported the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones in 1893, this com- pound has been found to emerge as calcium channel blockers, antihypersive agents and a-antagonists[1]. Consequently, this Biginelli reacti…     

Preparation and Crystal Structure of Sodium Hydrogen Epoxysuccinate

1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, sodium hydrogen epoxysuccinatehas gained special attention as a raw material of po-lyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA)[1～3]. We have synthes-ized sodium hydrogen epoxysuccinate by the reac-tion of H2O2 and maleic anhydride in water ca-talyzed by tungstate and obtained its single crystal[1].Its structure was determined by X-ray Nonius CAD4diffractometer. Up to now some crystal structures oforganic carboxyl sodium have been determined[4～6].In this paper we …     

Preparation and Crystal Structure of PrNb_5O_(14)

ＰｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＣｒｙｓｔａｌＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆＰｒＮｂ_５Ｏ_（１４）￥ＭａｏＪｉａｎｇ－Ｇａｏ；ＺｈｕａｎｇＨｏｎｇ－Ｈｕｉ；ＨｕａｎｇＪｉｎ－Ｓｈｕｎ（ＳｔａｔｅＫｅｙＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｏｆＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ...     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2,5-Dimorpholinyl-3,4-di(p-chlorophenyl)thiophene

1 INTRODUCTION a-thiobenzoylthioformamides were syn- thesized in 1980[1,2]; however, there is no report concerning the properties and reaction activities of these compounds[3]. According to literature, three-valenced phosphorus reagent is easy to react with thiirane[4] and thiocarbonyl compounds[5] to form C=C double bond. Recently, we have reported the reaction of a-thiobenzoylthioformmorpholine with trimethyl phosphite in dry diethyl ether at room temperature[6], but the product wa…