一种基于领域自适应的跨工况滚动轴承故障诊断新方法

机械设备在运转时,不同状态下滚动轴承监测数据存在较大分布差异且难以获取带标签的数据,导致现有模型在跨工况条件下故障诊断准确率低.针对滚动轴承跨工况诊断难题,论文提出一种基于领域自适应的跨工况滚动轴承故障诊断方法,该方法首先提取振动信号故障敏感特征,并将其嵌入Grassmann流形空间,避免直接进行特征变换导致特征失真;...     

Modelling of gearbox dynamics under time-varying nonstationary load for distributed fault detection and diagnosis

Fault detection and diagnosis in mechanical systems during their time-varying nonstationary operation is one of the most challenging issues. In the last two decades or so researches have noticed that machines work in nonstationary load/speed conditions during their normal operation. Diagnostic features for gearboxes were found to be load dependent. This was experimentally confirmed by a smearing effect in the spectrum.In order to better understand the involved phenomena and to ensure agreement between simulation and experimental results, two models of gearboxes (a fixed-axis two-stage gearbox and a planetary gearbox) operating under varying load conditions are proposed. The models are based on two mechanical systems used in the mining industry, i.e. the belt conveyor and the bucket wheel excavator. An original transmission error function expressing changes in technical condition and load variation is presented.Energy based parameters (the signal RMS value or the arithmetic sum of the amplitudes of spectral gearmesh components) are adopted as the diagnostic features. Simulation results show a strong correlation between load values, changes in condition and the diagnostic features. The findings are key to condition monitoring. Thanks to the use of the models one can better understand the phenomena identified through an analysis of vibration signals captured from real machines.     

Extraction of exergy from solar collectors under time-varying conditions

Maximization of energy delivery is the fundamental problem in solar collector thermal design. This paper examines the trade-off between the storage and the immediate use of solar exergy, with the objective of maximising the long-term exergy output from a solar collector installation. It is demonstrated that a trade-off exists, and that for maximum exergy output the collector and the collector-user interaction must conform to a well-defined pattern. It is also shown that the practice of operating collectors at constant temperature, regardless of time of day, is responsible for a sizeable and steady exergy loss     

Permutation entropy-based 2D feature extraction for bearing fault diagnosis

Nonlinear Dynamics - In the end of 2019, a new type of coronavirus first appeared in Wuhan. Through the real-data of COVID-19 from January 23 to March 18, 2020, this paper proposes a fractional...     

Hierarchical diversity entropy for the early fault diagnosis of rolling bearing

Nonlinear Dynamics - Intelligent fault diagnosis provides great convenience for the prognostic and health management of the rotating machinery. Recently, the multiscale diversity entropy has been...     

Multi-scale morphology analysis of acoustic emission signal and quantitative diagnosis for bearing fault

Monitoring of potential bearing faults in operation is of critical importance to safe operation of high speed trains. One of the major challenges is how to differentiate relevant signals to operational conditions of bearings from noises emitted from the surrounding environment. In this work, we report a procedure for analyzing acoustic emission signals collected from rolling bearings for diagnosis of bearing health conditions by examining their morphological pattern spectrum (MPS) through a multi-scale morphology analysis procedure. The results show that acoustic emission signals resulted from a given type of bearing faults share rather similar MPS curves. Further examinations in terms of sample entropy and Lempel-Ziv complexity of MPS curves suggest that these two parameters can be utilized to determine damage modes.     

Rolling bearing fault diagnosis algorithm using overlapping group sparse-deep complex convolutional neural network

Nonlinear Dynamics - As the key component of a mechanical system, rolling bearings will cause paralysis of the entire mechanical system once they fail. In recent years, considering the high...     

北斗三频观测值强电离层条件下的周跳探测与修复

采用伪距相位组合和无几何相位组合作为周跳探测量,分析了无几何相位组合的漏探率和误探率,并给出了该组合的适用条件。针对强电离层条件下误探率较高的缺点,提出了采用RBF(Radial basis function)神经网络模型对一阶电离层延迟变化量进行预测,并根据预测残差判断周跳是否发生,采用电离层延迟改正的相位组合周跳估值进行周跳修复。利用电离层活跃期间的北斗三频观测数据验证所提出的算法,实验结果表明:该模型即使在大磁暴发生期间也能够准确地探测出所有周跳并正确修复,不存在不敏感周跳组合,同时误探率在0.3%以下。     

Non-linear oscillations of a rotor-magnetic bearing system under superharmonic resonance conditions

The effect of non-linear magnetic forces on the non-linear response of the shaft is examined for the case of superharmonic resonance in this paper. It is shown that the steady-state superharmonic periodic solutions lose their stability by either saddle-node or Hopf bifurcations. The system exhibits many typical characteristics of the behavior of non-linear dynamical systems such as multiple coexisting solutions, jump phenomenon, and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. The effects of the feedback gains and imbalance eccentricity on the non-linear response of the system are studied. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to verify the analytical predictions.     

Second-order coupled tristable stochastic resonance and its application in bearing fault detection under different noises

Bearing fault is the most likely to occur in mechanical fault, and stochastic resonance (SR), as a noise enhanced signal processing tool, can find mechanical faults as early as possible, so as to avoid larger problems. However, most of the existing research methods are based on the first-order Langevin equation. According to the previous studies of many scholars, the weak signal detection ability of the second-order system is better than that of the first-order system, and the coupled system also has better performance due to the addition of the control system. So, in order to detect the fault signal more easily, a second-order coupled tristable stochastic resonance system (SCTSR) based on the adaptive genetic algorithm (AGA) is proposed, it is an improvement on improving the first-order coupled tristable stochastic resonance system (FCTSR). First, based on the fourth-order Runge–Kutta algorithm (F-RK), the performances of monostable, bistable and tristable control systems to SCTSR are compared, it is verified that the monostable system has the best performance as SCTSR’s control system. Secondly, the equivalent potential function of SCTSR is derived, and the influences of each system parameters on it are researched. The output signal-to-noise ratio gain (SNRG) is chosen as a measure to verify that SCTSR’s performance is better than that of FCTSR, and the influences of parameters on SNRG are discussed. SCTSR and FCTSR are used to detect low-, high- and multi-frequency cosine signals combined with AGA. The simulation results are compared with the wavelet transform method, which proves the performance superiority of SR, and also prove that SCTSR is easier to detect weak signals and has a stronger de-noising ability. Finally, SCTSR and FCTSR are applied in bearing fault detection under Gaussian white noise and trichotomous noise. The results also prove that SCTSR can get larger peaks and SNRG, and it is easier to detect fault signals. This proves that SCTSR’s performance is superior that of other methods in bearing fault detection, and has better engineering application value.

     

Enhanced melt strength and stretching of linear low-density polyethylene extruded under strong slip conditions

The influence of extrusion under strong slip conditions on the extensional properties of linear low-density polyethylene was studied in this work. The material was extruded at two different temperatures under strong slip and no slip conditions, and was subsequently subjected to uniaxial elongational flow by means of a Rheotens device. Strong slip was evident through the elimination of sharkskin distortions and the stick-slip instability, as well as by the electrification of the extrudates. The extrudate swell was smaller in the presence of slip when comparing with no slip conditions at constant apparent shear rate, but it was found to be a unique function of the shear stress if comparison was performed at constant stress. The draw ratio and melt strength of the filaments obtained under slip conditions were larger compared to those without slip. In addition, draw resonance was postponed to higher draw ratios during the extrusion with strong slip at constant apparent shear rate. It is suggested that slip of the polymer at the die wall decreases the shear stress in the bulk, and therefore, restricts the disentanglement and orientation of macromolecules during flow, which subsequently produces the increase in draw ratio and melt strength during stretching.     

Effect of trash board on moldboard plough performance at low speed and under two straw conditions

Draught requirement is an important parameter for tillage tool performances. This study investigated the influence of trash board on the performance of moldboard plough and the system optimization. Draught and vertical forces acting on the plough were measured with and without a trash board under two straw conditions, i.e. with only stubbles and with dense straw cover. Field soil moisture content was kept at 30%. The study also used the finite element method (FEM) to simulate stress distribution on the plough. Results showed that draught significantly increased without trash board under dense straw cover as compared with only stubbles. The trash board attachment reduced draught significantly. Similar trend was also true for vertical force. FEM results were found to be compatible with the experiment. The simulated maximum equivalent stress acting on the mouldboard plough was 279.43 MPa, while the material’s yield stress was 250 MPa. Attaching trash board with the moldboard plough is important where straw cover was dense.     

Gear fault diagnosis under non-stationary operating mode based on EMD,TKEO, and Shock Detector

Condition monitoring of gearboxes running under non-stationary operating conditions is a very difficult task. In this study, a signal processing technique is developed for damage detection of a bevel gearbox running under variable load and speed conditions. The proposed technique is applied on simulated vibration data computed through a dynamic model of bevel gearbox. The procedure used in this technique is based on the extraction of the shock related to the defect using the Shock Detector (SD) method. Firstly, vibration signals are decomposed into IMFs using Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD). Then, the Teager–Kaiser Energy Operator (TKEO) is used to assess the instantaneous energy of the signal. Afterwards, SD is applied to examine and quantify the shock contents of the TKEO signal, which reflect the effect of the defect.     

A new approach to on-line vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis

This paper presents a finite element method by deriving the stiffness matrix of cracked element from the stress intensity factor. The method can be used to evaluate the strain response of the cantilever beam with a single edge crack. By using the method of identification in time domain, the modal parameters are identified and at the same time the effect of crack closure is taken into consideration. Analysis has also been made of the sensitivity of the strain to the faults. Test results show that the strain response is more sensitive to faults than the displacement response. Then, a distinguishing function is introduced, which is more effective than any other existing ones in failure detection. Finally a new approach to on-line vibration monitoring and fault diagnosis is given.     

大岗山高拱坝强地震作用下损伤破坏分析

采用连续损伤力学中能量等效原理和有效应力概念,将混凝土强度降低、刚度劣化即损伤作为不可逆内变量张量,并考虑应变率效应和多轴应力状态,建立率相关弹塑性损伤模型.应力本构积分采用返回映射法,给出了有限元程序主要功能流程.对强地震作用下大岗山高拱坝损伤和破坏情况进行数值模拟,评价其强震后的安全性.结果显示,大坝在强震后总体损伤不大,结构安全性较好,但应注意抗震薄弱部位;同时大坝不同部位率响应明显不同,对混凝土力学性能影响不容忽视.     

Multi-mode parametric excitation of a simply supported plate under time-varying and non-uniform edge loading

In this study, multi-mode parametric excitation of a simply supported plate under time-varying and non-uniform edge loading is modeled and the solution is found. Equations for multi-mode parametric excitation of a simply supported plate are derived using stress distributions within the plate as well as on the edges, considering both the effects of non-uniform edge loading and the non-linearity caused by the large deflection. The multi-mode equations are coupled by first-order linear terms, even in the case of simply supported boundary conditions, due to the non-uniform edge loading. The perturbation solutions of two-mode parametric excitation are examined by the method of multiple scales. For the edge loading, which consists of a uniform term as well as a non-uniform one, equations could be coupled or de-coupled by parametric excitation terms, and the numbers and values of the resonance frequencies of the parametric excitations could also differ, depending on whether the non-uniform term of the edge loading is time-varying or not. In addition to the resonant frequencies of the case when only the uniform term of the edge loading is time-varying, there are additional combination resonances at the vicinity of the sum of two natural frequencies of each mode when the non-uniform term of the non-uniform edge loading is time-varying.     

Soil failure under undrained quasi-static and high speed triaxial compression test

Experiments were conducted in unsaturated silty loam and sandy loam soils under undrained conditions. Soil failure under quasi-static and high speed triaxial compression were studied. The amount of energy used in breaking soil specimens was found to be a function of soil moisture content. During undrained quasi-static triaxial compression tests, two cases of brittle failure, a general shear failure and a fragmentation were observed. The test soil specimen broke more by fragmentation than by general shear failure. During undrained high speed triaxial compression tests, the energy use for breaking the soil specimen increased with increase in loading speed up to a certain critical speed range of 4.5–5 m/s, and then it decreased. Two types of soil failure, brittle failure and plastic flow, which were a function of the loading speed, were noticed. At lower speed, dilation of shearing along a slip plane was observed. However, at higher speed, barreling of the cylindrical specimen with top and bottom conical shaped wedges, or only a single wedge with a small crack or fluidization, was observed.