三氯化铁掺杂的稀土聚乙炔

本文报道了顺式和反式稀土聚乙炔用三氯化铁硝基甲烷溶液的掺杂,高量掺杂顺式和反式稀土聚乙炔[CH(FeCl~4)~y]~x的电导率(σ)可分别达到446Ω^-^1.cm^-^1,并且电导率随时间衰减较慢,表明三氯化铁掺杂的稀土聚乙炔较稳定,低掺杂量聚乙炔红外光谱上900cm^-^1和1400cm^-^1处出现两个掺杂特征峰,掺杂量(y)小于0.02(摩尔分数)的样品顺磁共振谱上出现一窄一宽两峰.高掺杂聚乙炔的X-衍射峰变宽平;扫描电镜显示此掺杂量聚乙炔的形貌-微纤维素集结无明显变化.     

导电高聚物的EXAFS研究(Ⅱ)FeCl_3掺杂的聚噻吩

聚噻吩是一种共轭有机高聚物,其结构如图1所示。类似于聚乙炔,经电子受体掺杂后的聚噻吩,呈现出较高的电导率。为了阐明导电高聚物的电导机制,必须搞清掺杂后掺杂剂的化学结构和高分子链与掺杂剂之间的相互作用。前文我们报道了用扩展X射线吸收精细结构(EXAFS)谱对H_2PtCl_6·6H_2O掺杂聚乙炔的研究,本文报道对FeCl_3掺杂聚噻吩的研究结果。     

炔烃与二氯硼烷-甲硫醚的硼氢化反应——偕-二硼和烯基硼化合物的合成和光谱特性

本文研究了在三氯化硼存在下,炔烃与二氯硼烷-甲硫醚(HCCl_2·SMe_2)的硼氢化反应。内炔烃和端炔烃与HBCl_2·SMe_2(摩尔比为1:2)在0℃反应,得到了高产率的双硼氢化产物——偕-双(二氯硼基)烷烃。在较低温度下,双硼氢化被显著地抑制。因此,在—20℃或—30℃下,内炔烃与HBCl_2·SMe_2(1.4:1)反应,定量地生成预期的烯基二氯硼烷。但在同样条件下,端炔烃既进行单硼氢化,也会经历硼氯化反应。当端炔烃在戊烷中与三氯化硼(1:1。1)反应时,高产率地得到硼氯化产物——2-氯-1-烯基二氯硼烷。各取代二氯硼烷易于醇解为相应的硼酸酯。所得化合物经IR,~1H,~(11)B,或~(13)C NMR表征。讨论了化合物的结构和它们的波谱特性之间的关系。基于化学位移,确证分子中的π-电子或孤对电子和硼原子的空ρ-轨道存在着明晰的(pp)π-相互作用。     

酚醛树脂热裂解产物的导电特性

近年来,无论是从理论方面还是从实验方面,人们对导电高分子材料的研究都不断深入,最近报道掺杂的聚乙炔电导率已高达10~5S·cm~(-1),但聚乙炔在空气中不稳定,应用受到限制。 一维石墨由于具有缩合芳香环结构,在空气中表现出很高的稳定性,日本K.Tanaka等人对一维石墨成员从理论上进行了详细讨论,认为具有多并苯骨架结构的一维石墨成员     

乙炔在烯烃歧化催化剂上的聚合

近年来文献中出现了一些以歧化催化剂用于炔烃聚合的尝试^[1-4],例如以WCl₆-ph₄Sn、MoCl₅-ph₄Sn体系进行炔烃聚合反应,均有活性。我们在烯烃均相催化歧化反应的研究中,试探了将此类催化剂用于乙炔聚合,结果是:(1)试验过的7种催化体系均能使乙炔聚合,生成黑色不溶的高分子,红外光谱测定表明,得到的聚乙炔是顺式和反式结构的混合物,此外,部分乙炔尚三聚环化成苯;(2)不同催化剂作用下乙炔聚合和烯烃歧化的活性和选择性没有平行关系;(3)几种催化体系对乙炔高聚和环化三聚的选择性不同(见表1)。     

钯催化下(Z)-3-碘-3-三氟甲基-1-芳基烯丙醇与末端炔 烃的偶联反应

在Pd(PPh~3)~4/CuI催化下和使用1mol的NEt~3作碱和THF作溶剂,(Z)-3-碘-3-三氟甲基-1-芳基烯丙醇(1)与末端炔烃(3)反应得到正常的偶联产物5。当以NEt~3作碱和溶剂,Pd(PPh~3)~4/CuI催化1与3的交叉偶联反应生成化合物4。4为正常偶联化合物5在NEt~3存在下双键发生重排反应的产物。     

N－3－炔丁烯基咔唑的合成及热聚合

在室温和高速搅拌下,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,往咔唑和 50％NaOH水溶液中缓慢滴加1,4－二氯－2－丁炔,反应24h后,经重结晶分离得到 无色针状晶体。IR,~1H NMR,MS,VPO等结构分析方法确定无色针状晶体为反式N －3－炔丁烯基咔唑;加热生成的聚合物为聚炔烃,分子量为1.9-10~3,聚合度为 9;通过DTA－TG分析和热聚合速率的测定,探讨了单体热聚合规律,测得热聚合活 化能为118kJ/mol。聚合物电导率小于10~(-12)S·cm~(-1),而与FeCl_3形成电荷 转移络合物则达到8*10~(-4)S·cm~(-1)。     

聚乙炔离子注入掺杂及电性能的研究

本文用Ar~+,Fe~+,Cl~+,I~+,Na~+和K~+等离子束,在15—30keV能量范围内注入聚乙炔薄膜,剂量为1×10~(13)-3×10~(17)cm~(-2).借助红外光谱、卢瑟福背散射分析及四探针等测试方法,考察了离子注入诱导聚乙炔膜的化学结构及导电性能的变化,检测了化学掺杂与离子注入杂质的深度分布和p-n结的形成,并在此基础上探讨了离子束与聚合物相互作用过程的机理.     

8,9-亚甲二氧-11-三氟甲基-2,3,5,6-四氢-11H-噁唑酮-2-并[2,3-a]异喹啉的NMR及结构的研究

本文报道了N-苯乙基甘氨酸盐酸盐(1c)用SnCl_4闭环得到8,9-亚甲二氧-11-三氟甲基-2,3,5,6-四氢-11H-噁唑酮-2-并[2,3-a]异喹啉,并用~(13)C和~1H NMR及质谱进行结构鉴定.     

α-和β-三氟萘乙烯的热二聚 阻旋异构体的生成

α-和β-三氟萘乙烯在120℃下热二聚,产物用HPLC分离。对β-三氟萘乙烯,可分离到三个纯的二聚体。而对α-三氟萘乙烯,虽然分离到的热二聚产物也是三个组分,但其中一个仍然是混合物。由~(19)F,~1HNMR,MS分析表明是环化二聚产物,即1,2-二萘六氟环丁烷的反式及顺式阻旋异构体。     

Siloxane-terminated solubilizing side chains: bringing conjugated polymer backbones closer and boosting hole mobilities in thin-film transistors

We introduce a novel siloxane-terminated solubilizing group and demonstrate its effectiveness as a side chain in an isoindigo-based conjugated polymer. An average hole mobility of 2.00 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) (with a maximum mobility of 2.48 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1)), was obtained from solution-processed thin-film transistors, one of the highest mobilities reported to date. In contrast, the reference polymer with a branched alkyl side chain gave an average hole mobility of 0.30 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) and a maximum mobility of 0.57 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). This is largely explained by the polymer packing: our new polymer exhibited a π-π stacking distance of 3.58 ?, while the reference polymer showed a distance of 3.76 ?.     

Band edge modulated conjugated polymers for oxidation prevention

The impact of electron transfer (ET) from a series of band edge modulated polymers to atmospheric oxygen is examined in connection with substrate oxidation prevention. Polymers with the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level below and above the oxygen energy level were tested and the former showed better efficiency. Furthermore, the oxidation prevention efficiency of a polymer with lower HOMO increased by two orders of magnitude, when the pores on the film were filled with spherical molecules, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester. We found that the polymer surface hydrophobicity has little or no influence on oxidation prevention. It is interesting to note that a polymer with a hole mobility of 8 × 10(-10) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) showed a two-fold increase in oxidation prevention efficiency compared to a polymer with a hole mobility of 6 × 10(-5) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1). Over all, from the concerted approach, we conclude that a polymer devoid of pores with the HOMO energy level below oxygen and low charge carrier mobility is a suitable candidate for prevention of substrate oxidation/corrosion.     

Temperature-induced nucleation of poly(p-phenylene vinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxy-m-phenylene vinylene) crystallization by HiPco single-walled carbon nanotubes

Hybrid systems of the conjugated organic polymer poly(p-phenylene vinylene-co-2,5-dioctyloxy-m-phenylene vinylene)(PmPV) and HiPco single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are explored using spectroscopic and thermal techniques to determine specific interactions. Vibrational spectroscopy indicates a weak interaction, and this is further elucidated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), confocal laser scanning microscopy, temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy, and temperature-dependent infrared spectroscopy of the raw materials and the composite. An endothermic transition is observed in the DSC of both the polymer and the 0.1% HiPco composite in the region of 50 degrees C. Also observed in the DSC of the composite is a double-peaked endotherm at -39 and -49 degrees C, which does not appear in the polymer. The Raman spectroscopy of the polymer upon increasing the temperature to 60 degrees C shows a diminished cis-vinylene mode at 1575 cm(-1), with an increase in relative intensity of the trans-vinylene mode at 1630 cm(-1). Partially irreversible change in isomerization suggests increased order in the polymer. This change in the polymer is also manifest in the Raman composite spectrum upon increase of the temperature to 60 degrees C, where the spectrum becomes abruptly dominated by nanotubes. Raman spectroscopy of the composite shows no change at -35 degrees C; however, infrared absorption measurements suggest that the transition at -35 degrees C derives from the polymer side chains. Here the composite at -35 degrees C shows a change in the absorbance of the polymer side chain aryl-oxide linkage at 1250 cm(-1) and alkyl-oxide stretch at 1050 cm(-1). Infrared spectra thus suggest that the transitions in the lower temperature region around -35 degrees C are side chain-induced, while Raman spectra suggest that the transition at 60 degrees C is backbone-induced. Furthermore, temperature cycling induces an irreversible decrease in the mean fluorescence intensity of the polymer, coupled with a further reduction in the mean fluorescence intensity of the composite. This suggests that an increase in crystallization of the composite is supported and enhanced by an increase in ordering of the polymer. Implications are discussed.     

Bromination of poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] with different microstructures and properties of bromine-containing polymers

The interaction between poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] with different microstructures and bromine has been studied in carbon tetrachloride and chlorobenzene at 25–120°C. Depending on the process conditions, polymers containing up to 26 wt % bromine are formed; that is, every other unit of the polymer chain is brominated. Polymers enriched with cis structures are brominated through trimethylsilyl groups, and the process is unaccompanied by polymer chain degradation. The bromination of samples containing predominantly trans-structures is nonselective, and the reaction is accompanied by polymer degradation. The solubility of brominated poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] in different media and the gas permeability of films made of this polymer are estimated.     

Two-dimensional rhombohedral grid coordination polymers [M(bbbt)(2)(NCS)(2)](n)(M = Co,Mn, or Cd; bbbt = 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl) bis-1H-benzotriazole): synthesis,crystal structures,and third-order nonlinear optical properties

In this paper, treatment of 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl) bis-1H-benzotriazole (bbbt) and KSCN with Co(II), Mn(II), or Cd(II) afforded three two-dimensional rhombohedral grid coordination polymers [M(bbbt)(2)(NCS)(2)](n)(M = Co, 1; Mn, 2; Cd, 3). The two-dimensional rhombohedral grids are parallel to the crystallographic ac plane. The rhombohedral grid consists of 44-membered rings of M(4)(bbbt)(4), and gives the dimensions of 12.913 x 10.764 A for polymer 1, 13.106 x 10.797 A for polymer 2, and 13.256 x 10.870 A for polymer 3. The three polymers' third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were determined by Z-scan technique in DMF solution. The results show that all three polymers show very large NLO absorption and strong NLO refraction properties. The third-order NLO absorptive coefficients alpha(2) are 5.4 x 10(-9) m W(-1) for polymer 1, 5.2 x 10(-9) m W(-1) for polymer 2, and 5.0 x 10(-9) m W(-1) for polymer 3. The alpha(2) values are larger than those of all the reported cluster compounds. The NLO refractive index values n(2) of the three polymers are 5.73 x 10(-19), 3.55 x 10(-19), and 3.07 x 10(-19) m(2) W(-1), respectively. Their hyperpolarizability gamma values are calculated to be 2.40 x 10(-30) esu for polymer 1, 1.52 x 10(-30) esu for polymer 2, and 1.50 x 10(-30) esu for polymer 3. The gamma values are comparable to those of clusters and better than those of organometallic compounds, semiconductors, and fullerene.     

原位分子印迹法制备的连续棒型模板聚合物的手性识别

使用Ｒ－１－（１－萘基）乙胺为模板分子,α－甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,采用原位分子印迹分子制备了具有手性识别环境的连续棒型模板聚合物。色谱结果表明,这种连续棒型模板聚合物对模板分子Ｒ－１－（１－萘基）乙胺比对它的对映异构体Ｓ－１－（１－萘基）乙胺及其外消旋体具有更长的保留时间,更大的容量因子,展现了一定的手性识别能力。     

Active Layer Morphology Engineering of All-polymer Solar Cells by Systematically Tuning Molecular Weights of Polymer Donors/Acceptors

In all-polymer solar cells (APSCs),number-average molecular weights (Mns) of polymer donors and polymer acceptors play an important role in active layer morphology and photovoltaic performance.In this work,based on a series of APSCs with power conversion efficiency of approaching 10％,we study the effect of Mns of both polymer donor and polymer acceptor on active layer morphology and photovoltaic performance of APSCs.We select poly[4-(5-(4,8-bis(5-((2-butyloctyl)thio)thiophen-2-yl)-6-methylbenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophen-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-5,6-difluoro-2-(2-hexyldecyl)-7-(5-methylthiophen-2-yl)-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole](CD1) as the polymer donor and poly[4-(5-(5,10-bis(2-dodecylhexadecyl)-4,4,g,9-tetrafluuoro-7-methyl-4,5,9,10-tetrahydro3a,5,8,10-tetraaza-4,g-diborapyren-2-yl)thiophen-2-yl)-7-(5-methylthiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole](PBN-14) as the polymer acceptor.The Mns of polymer donor CD1 are 14.0,35.5 and 56.1 kg/mol,respectively,and the Mns of polymer acceptor PBN-14 are 32.7,72.4 and 103.4 kg/mol,respectively.To get the desired biscontinueous fibrous network morphololgy of the polymer donor/polymer acceptor blends,at least one polymer should have high or medium Mn.Moreover,when the Mn of polymer acceptor is high,the active layer morphology and APSC device performance are insensitive to the Mn of polymer donor.The optimal APSC device performance is obtained when the Mn of both the polymer donor and the polymer acceptor are medium.These results provide a comprehensive and deep understanding on the interplay and the effect of Mn of polymer donors and polymer acceptors in high-performance APSCs.     

Nafion基氧化还原聚合物在空气中的电荷传输性能

利用三明治电池和伏安法测试了不同制备条件的Nafion基氧化还原聚合物膜在空气中的电荷传输性能. 研究结果表明, 混合适量聚乙二醇(PEG)的Nafion基金属联吡啶配合物{Nafion[M(bpy)2+3, PEG](M=Ru, Fe)}膜的表观电荷传递扩散系数(Dct)达到10-6-10-7 cm2·s-1 , 电子或空穴迁移率(μ)达到10-4-10-5 cm2·V-1·s-1. 在导电玻璃(ITO)电极与Nafion基氧化还原聚合物膜界面引入一层导电聚苯胺(PANI)后, 降低了其接触电阻, 使氧化还原聚合物膜的Dct提高至10-5-10-6 cm2·s-1, μ提高至10-3-10-4 cm2·V-1·s-1, 且工作电流提高了近两个数量级. 该固态氧化还原聚合物膜的性能比较稳定, 在空气中放置30天后其Dct和μ降低得很少.     

PHOTOINDUCED HOLOGRAPHIC PHASE GRATINGS BURIED IN AZOBENZENE SIDE-CHAIN POLYMER FILMS WITH A CHIRAL GROUP

An optically active polymer (PM1) containing azobenzene moieties with a chiral group (s-2-methyl-butyl) wassynthesized by homopolymerization of monomer, 4-[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyloxy-4'-(s-2-methyl-1-butyl oxycarbonyl)azobenzene, using the free radical polymerization method. The polymer dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF) could be easilyprocessed into high optical quality films. The optical anisotropy of the polymer films was investigated by polarizing opticalmicroscopy (POM). The experimental results showed that irradiation with a circularly polarized beam could align theorientation of the molecules in the polymer films. Moreover, the holographic phase gratings of photo-induced polymer filmswere detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and POM. In comparison with polymer containing no chiral group, it wasfound from the preliminary measurement of the photo-induced holographic phase gratings that PM1 containing a chiralgroup could form holographic phase gratings buried in the films.     

含核酸碱基的双亲聚合物纳米球的制备及性能

设计并合成了含有核酸碱基腺嘌呤的双亲聚合物, 聚[聚乙二醇600-5-氧-(6-腺嘌呤代己烷基)-异酞酸酯](PPEAHI), 研究了其在水溶液中的自组织行为, SEM观测了该聚合物在水溶液中的聚集形态, 表明PPEAHI在水溶液中自组织成纳米球. 将纳米球水溶液冻干后, 用FTIR研究了PPEAHI聚合物上的腺嘌呤与底物胸腺嘧啶间的相互作用, 结果表明受体与底物的互补基团间形成了氢键, 发生了分子识别, 并用变温红外光谱进一步证实了氢键的形成.