Synthese und Kernresonanzspektren von Methylphenyl-substituierten Trisilylphosphanen PSi3 Me n Ph 9−n

Trisilylphosphanes of the type PSi₃ Me _x Ph _9–x are formed when sodium/potassiumphosphide reacts with methylphenylchlorosilanesMe _n Ph _3–n SiCl or with mixtures of methylphenylchlorosilanes. The phosphanes (SiMe ₃) _n P (SiMe _m Ph _3–m )_3–n (n, m=0, 1, 2, 3) were separated and purified by destillation or crystallization and their²⁹Si as well as³¹P-NMR-spectra were recorded.

     

Co-hydrolysis products of tetraethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane in the presence of tetramethylammonium ions: Part 2 [1]

²⁹Si NMR peaks due to species with the double four-membered ring siloxane backbone composed of both Si(O^–)_4/2 and CH₃Si(O^–)_3/2 units, (CH₃) _n Si₈O _{20 – n} ^{/(8 – n) –} (n=1–3), formed by co-hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and methyltriethoxysilane in the presence of tetramethylammonium ions in methanol have been assigned. It has been found that ²⁹Si NMR peaks due to Si(OSi)₃(O^–) units shift to lower frequencies by replacement of the adjacent Si(O^–)_4/2 units by CH₃Si(O^–)_3/2 units, in other words, with increasing m value in Si[OSi(O^–)₃]_{3 – m} [OSi(CH₃) (O^–)₂] _m (O^–) (m=0–2). Peaks from CH₃ Si(OSi)₃ units in the species have also appeared as separated due to the kind of neighbor structural units. On the basis of the assignments, positions of CH₃Si(O^–)_3/2 units in the cubic octameric siloxane framework of (CH₃) _n Si₈O _{20 – n} ^{/(8 – n) –} (n=2, 3), for both of which three isomers are present, have been estimated.     

Luminescent properties of the potassium zinc phosphates of composition K1−xTlxZn(PO3)3

Crystalline and glassy K_1−xTl_xZn(PO₃)₃ polyphosphates have been synthesized and characterized. UV–visible spectroscopy was systematically used in order to analyze the optical properties of Tl⁺ ions both in crystalline and glassy forms with the similar compositions. The investigated polyphosphates can be considered as a model system since the spectroscopic properties of Tl⁺ ions in the glasses could be deduced by comparison with those in crystals. From structural point of view, in the crystalline forms the thallium ions are six-fold coordinated in a dissymmetrical oxygenated sites. Three luminescences (α, A_X, A_T) have been then observed and were attributed to the isolated Tl⁺ ions. In the glassy forms, an additional luminescence (D) has been detected in the low-energy range and was assigned to the Tl⁺ pairs formation. The relationship between the Tl⁺ site symmetry and its optical properties is discussed in the context of the Fukuda's model.     

Transformations of the chiral diphosphine rhodium catalyst [(1,5-COD)Rh(—)R,R-DIOP]+CF3SO3– under conditions of hydrogenation

Transformation products of the cationic rhodium complex [(1,5-COD)Rh(—)R,R-DIOP]⁺CF₃SO₃ ^– (1) (COD is cycloocta-1,5-diene and DIOP is (±)-2,3-O-isopropylidene-2,3-dihydroxy-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane), which were obtained in its reactions with molecular hydrogen, base (NEt₃), and solvents in the absence of a substrate, were investigated by ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. The solvate complexes [(Solv)₂Rh(—)R,R-DIOP]⁺CF₃SO₃ ^–, which were generated from complex 1 in its reaction with molecular hydrogen, underwent destruction of the diphosphine ligand with elimination of benzene and were subjected to oxidation by traces of moisture and oxygen to form the DIOP dioxide complex with Rh^I. In the absence of hydrogen, complex 1 in solutions produced the diphosphine dioxide rhodium(i) complex and mono- and binuclear rhodium(i) solvate complexes. The scheme of deactivation of the complex in the absence of the substrate was proposed. The catalytic activity of the solvate complexes [(ArH)Rh(—)R,R-DIOP]⁺CF₃SO₃ ^–, which contain benzene, p-xylene, and mesitylene in the coordination sphere, was studied in hydrogenation of Z--acetamidocinnamic acid.     

Products and kinetics of the thermal decomposition of (l-(−)-menthyl)[2,2′-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenyl)] phosphite ozonide

Two conformers (chair, boat) of [l-(–)-menthyl)]-[2,2-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenyl)] phosphite ozonide have been obtained by the low temperature ozonization (–80 °C) of [l-(–)-menthyl)]-[2,2-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenyl)] phosphite. It was determined that decomposition of the ozonide is first order with the rate constant logk ₀ = (10.92±1.10)–(14.02±1.25)/gq ( = 2.303RT, kcal mol^–1), leading to [l-(–)-menthyl)]-[2,2-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenyl)] phosphate and oxygen (including singlet oxygen). Conformational transitions (chair-boat) for [l-(–)-menthyl)]-[2,2-methylene-bis-(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenyl)] phosphate have been registered by³¹P NMR spectroscopy.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 1758–1761, October, 1994.This work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 93-03-532l).     

Chromium(III) Hydroxide Solubility in The Aqueous Na+-OH?-H2PO?4-HPO2?4-PO3?4-H2O System: A Thermodynamic Model

Chromium(III)-phosphate reactions are expected to be important in managing high-level radioactive wastes stored in tanks at many DOE sites. Extensive studies on the solubility of amorphous Cr(III) solids in a wide range of pH (2.8–14) and phosphate concentrations (10^–4 to 1.0 m) at room temperature (22±2)°C were carried out to obtain reliable thermodynamic data for important Cr(III)-phosphate reactions. A combination of techniques (XRD, XANES, EXAFS, Raman spectroscopy, total chemical composition, and thermodynamic analyses of solubility data) was used to characterize solid and aqueous species. Contrary to the data recently reported in the literature,⁽¹⁾ only a limited number of aqueous species [Cr(OH)₃H₂PO^–₄, Cr(OH)₃(H₂PO₄)^2–₂), and Cr(OH)₃HPO^2–₄] with up to about four orders of magnitude lower values for the formation constants of these species are required to explain Cr(III)-phosphate reactions in a wide range of pH and phosphate concentrations. The log K^o values of reactions involving these species [Cr(OH)₃(aq)+H₂PO^–₄⇌Cr(OH)₃H₂PO^–₄; Cr(OH)₃(aq)+2H₂PO^–₄⇌Cr(OH)₃(H₂PO₄)^2–₂; Cr(OH)₃(aq)+HPO^2–₄⇌Cr(OH)₃HPO^2–₄] were found to be 2.78±0.3, 3.48±0.3, and 1.97±0.3, respectively.     

IR Spectroscopic Study of Glasses Based on InF3 and AlF3

New compositions of fluoride glasses in the PbF₂–AlF₃–InF₃–BaF₂–LiF system were investigated by IR spectroscopy. It is shown that the glass nets are built from octahedral polyhedra. Isomorphous substitution takes place when aluminum trifluoride is added to the fluoroindate glass. At high contents (15 mol. %) of aluminum trifluoride, the latter forms its own net, which is close to the structural motif in crystalline Pb₃Al₂F₁₂.     

Preparation and Crystal Structure of an Acidic Long-chain Polyphosphate: CaH2(PO3)4

Preparation and crystal structure of an acidic polyphosphate of calcium is described. CaH₂(PO₃)₄: monoclinic, P2₁/c, with Z = 2, and a = 5.686(1), b = 9.676(4), c = 8,844(3) Å, β = 92.35(2)°. The crystal structure was solved using 2 321 unique reflections with a final R value of 0.017. The compound is characterized by infinite (PO₃)_n chains running along c and linked together in a three-dimensional way by Ca? O and hydrogen bonds. The two-dimensional linkage of the phosphoric chains by hydrogen bonds is compared to those already observed in ErH(PO₃)₄ and BiH(PO₃)₄.     

Silylating Agents Grafted onto Silica Derived from Leached Chrysotile

Silica from leached chrysotile fibers (SILO) was silanized with trialkoxyaminosilanes to yield inorganic–organic hybrids designated SILx (x=1–3). The greatest amounts of the immobilized agents were quantified as 2.14, 1.90, and 2.18 mmol g⁻¹ on SIL1, SIL2, and SIL3 for –(CH₂)₃NH₂,–(CH₂)₃NH(CH₂)₂NH₂, and –(CH₂)₃NH(CH₂)₂NH(CH₂)₂NH₂ groups attached to the inorganic support. The infrared spectra for all modified silicas showed the absence of the Si–OH deformation mode, originally found at 950 cm⁻¹, and the appearance of asymmetric and symmetric C–H stretching bands at 2950 and 2840 cm⁻¹. Other important bands associated with the organic moieties were assigned to ν_as(NH) at 3478 and ν_sym(NH) at 3418 cm⁻¹. The NMR spectrum of the solid precursor material suggested two different kinds of silicon atoms: silanol and siloxane groups, between −90 and 110 ppm; however, additional species of silicon that contain the organic moieties bonded to silicon at −58 and −66 ppm appeared after chemical modification. These modified silicas showed a high adsorption capacity for cobalt and copper cations in aqueous solution, in contrast to the original SILO matrix, confirming the unequivocal anchoring of silylating agents on the silica surface.     

Chemie polyfunktioneller Moleküle, 94 Chrom- und Wolfram-pentacarbonylderivate des 4-Methyl-1,2,6-triphosphatricyclo[2.2.1.02,6]heptans (P3-Nortricyclans)

The P₃-nortricyclane 4-methyl-1,2,6-triphosphatricyclo[2.2.1.0^2,6]heptane, CH₃C(CH₂P)₃, (1), is synthesized in a better yield than earlier described from P₄, a Na/K alloy, and CH₃C(CH₂Br)₃ in boiling 1,2-dimethoxyethane. It reacts withM(CO)₅ thf (M=Cr, W) in the molar ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 to form the pentacarbonylmetal complexes CH₃C(CH₂P)₃[M(CO)₅] _n [n=1, 2, 3;M=Cr (a), W (b)], (2 a, b–4 a, b).1 gives with Mo(CO)₅ thf only mixtures of CH₃C(CH₂P)₃[Mo(CO)₅] _n andcis-Mo(CO)₄ derivatives, which were identified by their infrared active A₁ v(CO) modes at 2075 and 2025 cm^–1.All the new compounds have been characterized also by their¹H{³¹P},³¹P{¹H} NMR, IR,Raman, and mass spectra.

     

Aggregation and Polymerization of PEG-Based Macromonomers with Methacryloyl Group as the Only Hydrophobic Segment

Aggregation behavior in aqueous solution of a series of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based macromonomers with methacryloyl group as the only hydrophobic segment has been investigated using surface tension, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy using pyrene as a probe, and small-angle neutron scattering techniques. The general formula of these macromonomers is CH₂=C(CH₃)–CO–O–E_m–CH₃, where E is the ethylene glycol unit and m=8 (ME₈), 18 (ME₁₈), 49 (ME₄₉), and 120 (ME₁₂₀). The results indicate that a macromonomer with 8 ethylene glycol units forms as an aggregate above a certain critical concentration, which can be defined as critical aggregation concentration. The observed high value of I₁/I₃ in pyrene emission spectra at the interface of these aggregates and the inability to scatter a neutron beam by these aggregates indicate that the hydrophobic cluster formed by this macromonomer is remarkably solvated. ME₁₈ has a tendency to aggregate but others do not form any hydrophobic cluster. The homopolymerization behaviors of these macromonomers in an aqueous medium at 70°C are consistent with these possibi- lities.     

Molar Excess Volumes and Excess Isentropic Compressibilities of Ternary Mixtures Containing <Emphasis Type="Italic">o</Emphasis>-Toluidine

Molar excess volumes, V _ijk ^E, and speeds of sound, U _ijk , of o-toluidine (i) + benzene (j) + cyclohexane or n-hexane or n-heptane (k) ternary mixtures have been measured as a function of composition at 308.15 K. The observed speed of sound data have been utilized to determine the excess isentropic compressibilities, (K _S ^E) _ijk , of the ternary (i+j+k) mixtures. The Moelywn-Huggins concept (Huggins in Polymer 12: 389–399, 1971) of connectivity between the surfaces of the binary mixture constituents has been extended to ternary mixtures (using the concept of a connectivity parameter of third degree of molecules, ³ ξ, which in turn depends on its topology) to obtain an expression that describes well the measured V _ijk ^E and (K _S ^E) _ijk data. The observed data have also been analyzed in terms of Flory’s theory.     

The d metal-sulfosalicylate complexes: Herring-bone, ladder and double-stranded chain frameworks with green luminescences

Assembly of 5-sulfosalicylic acid (H₃L) and d¹⁰ transition metal ions (Cd^II, Ag^I) with the neutral N-donor ligands produces five new complexes: [Cd₂(HL)₂(4,4′-bipy)₃]_n·2nH₂O (1), {[Cd₂(μ₂-HCO₂)₂(4,4′-bipy)₂(H₂O)₄][Cd(HL)₂(4,4′-bipy)(H₂O)₂]}_n (2), {[Cd(4,4′-bipy)(H₂O)₄][HL]·H₂O}_n (3), [Cd(HL)(dpp)₂(H₂O)]_n·4nH₂O (4), {[Ag(4,4′-bipy)][Hhbs]}_n (5) (4,4′-bipy=4,4′-bipyridine, dpp=1,3-di(pyridin-4-yl)propane, H₂hbs=4-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid, the decarboxylation product of H₃L). Complex 1 adopts a 5-connected 3D bilayer topology. Complex 2 has the herring-bone and ladder chain, which are extended to a 3D network via hydrogen bonding. In 3–4 complexes, 3 is a 3D supermolecular structure formed by polymeric chains and 2D network of HL²⁻, while 4 gives the double-stranded chains. In 5, ladder arrays are stacked with the 2D networks of Hhbs⁻ anions in an –ABAB– sequence. Complexes 1–4 display green luminescences in solid state at room temperature, while emission spectra of 3 and 4 show obvious blue-shifts at low temperature.     

Micellar properties of zwitterionic phosphobetaine amphiphiles in aqueous solution: Influence of the intercharge distance

Zwitterionic amphiphiles of the general formula H(CH₂)_y ⁺ N(CH₃)₂(CH₂)_n PO₂C₆H ₅ ^– , where the number of intercharge methylenesn is varied, were studied in dilute aqueous solution. Their critical micellar concentrations show a peculiar variation withn, first increasing asn varies from 1 to 4 and then slowly decreasing as methylenes are added up to 10. This behavior is interpreted as being the consequence of two opposite contributions. The first is the classical CMC lowering due to the increase of hydrophobic character with the total number of methylene groups in the surfactant molecule. The second contribution is the increase in the dipole moment of the zwitterionic headgroup withn, leading to stronger dipole-dipole repulsions between headgroups at the micellar surface. Experimental results suggest that the dipole moment does not increase linearly withn because of the polymethylene chain flexibility. This is supported by¹³C NMR relaxation experiments.     

19F,31P,1H NMR and X-ray crystallographic studies of (pentafluorophenyl)3−n (4-pyrazol-1-yl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl) n=1,2,3 Phosphines

New phosphines1–3 have been synthetized by reaction of pyrazolate anion with tris(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine and characterized by¹H,³¹P, and¹⁹F NMR studies.¹⁹F NMR spectral data contribute to the evidence for apara-substitution of tetrafluorophenyl rings. The crystal structure of tris(4-pyrazol-1-yl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)phosphine 1 has been determined, proving that the assignment based on spectroscopic data was correct: C₂₇H₉F₁₂N₆P,M _r = 676.37, monoclinic, space group P2_l/c,a=10.754(2) å,b=10.316(2) å,c = 23.598(5) å,=95.36(3),V=2607(1), å³,Z=4,R ₁=0.042, andwR ₂=0.122.     

Untersuchungen zur Chlorokomplexbildung des Gallium(III)-kations in wäßriger Lösung

Using aqueous GaCl₃ and chloride containing Ga(ClO₄)₃ solutions measurements have been carried out to investigate the formation of complexes with mixed ligands beside the [GaCl₄]^– ion. In contrast to the Raman spectra, which contain only the signals of the [GaCl ₄ ^– ] and the [Ga(H₂O)₆]³⁺ ion, the⁷¹Ga-NMR spectra give clear evidence for the existence of complexes with mixed ligands. Investigations at low temperatures showed their coordination to be octahedral resulting in species [GaCl_n(H₂O)_6–n ]^(3–n)+.     

Photoluminescence properties of La(PO3)3:Tb under VUV excitation

La_1−x(PO₃)₃:Tb_x³⁺ (0<x0.6) were prepared using solid-state reaction. The vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation spectrum of La_0.55(PO₃)₃:Tb_0.45³⁺ indicates that the absorption of (PO₃)₃³⁻ groups locates at about 163 and 174 nm and the absorption bands of (PO₃)₃³⁻ groups (174 nm) and La³⁺–O²⁻ (200 nm) and Tb³⁺ (213 nm) overlap each other. These results imply that the (PO₃)₃³⁻ groups can efficiently absorb the excited energy around 172 nm and transfer the energy to Tb³⁺. Under 172 nm excitation, the optimal photoluminescence (PL) intensity is obtained when Tb concentration reaches 0.45 and is about 71% of commercial phosphor Zn_1.96SiO₄:0.04 Mn²⁺ with chromaticity coordinates of (0.343, 0.578) and the decay time of about 4.47 ms.     

Preparation and characterization of lithium ion-conducting glass-ceramics in the Li1 + xCrxGe2 − x(PO4)3 system

Li₂O–Cr₂O₃–GeO₂–P₂O₅ based glasses were synthesized by a conventional melt-quenching method and successfully converted into glass-ceramics through heat treatment. Experimental results of DTA, XRD, ac impedance techniques and FESEM indicated that Li_1.4Cr_0.4Ge_1.6(PO₄)₃ glass-ceramics treated at 900 °C for 12 h in the Li_1 + xCr_xGe_2 − x(PO₄)₃ (x = 0–0.8) system exhibited the best glass stability against crystallization and the highest ambient conductivity value of 6.81 × 10⁻⁴ S/cm with an activation energy as low as 26.9 kJ/mol. In addition, the Li_1.4Cr_0.4Ge_1.6(PO₄)₃ glass-ceramics displayed good chemical stability against lithium metal at room temperature. The good thermal and chemical stability, excellent conducting property, easy preparation and low cost make it promising to be used as solid-state electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries.     

New results in the ammonolysis of hexafluoro-cyclo-triphosphazene: Crystal structure of P3N3F5–NH–P3N3F4NH2

The reaction of hexafluoro-cyclo-triphosphazene P₃N₃F₆ with ammonia in acetonitrile has been studied. New compounds, (2-imino-2,4,4,6,6-pentafluoro-2λ⁵,4λ⁵,6λ⁵-cyclo-triphosphaza-1,3,5-trienyl)-2-amino-4,4,6,6-tetrafluoro-2λ⁵,4λ⁵,6λ⁵-cyclo-triphosphaza-1,3,5-triene, P₃N₃F₅–NH–P₃N₃F₄NH₂ (2) and cis and trans isomers of non-gem-2,4-diamino-2,4,6,6-tetrafluoro-2λ⁵,4λ⁵,6λ⁵-cyclo-triphosphaza-1,3,5-triene, P₃N₃F₄(NH₂)₂ (4, 5)_, were detected by GC/MS, and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy in reaction mixtures. X-ray diffraction analysis of P₃N₃F₅–NH–P₃N₃F₄NH₂ (2) revealed two conformational polymorphs, 2A and 2B, the latter being built up of two different conformers that were further denoted as 2B_a (the same as the single conformer in 2A) and 2B_b. The compound 2 was characterized by spectroscopic methods and its 2D potential energy surface (PES) was described by density functional theory computations depending on two dihedral angles. The calculated PES spans over 30 kJ/mol in energy including 8 local minima and all first and second order saddle points. The occurrence of the two experimentally observed conformers 2B_a and 2B_b seems to be governed by crystal packing effects.     

Molybdenum-95 nuclear magnetic resonance of a series of phosphine and phosphite substituted molybdenum carbonyls Mo(CO)6−n (L) n (n=1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Molybdenum-95 NMR spectra of a series of phosphine and phosphite substituted molybdenum carbonyls Mo(CO)_6-n L _n [L=P(OCH₃)₃ n=1, 2, 3, 4, 5,L=P(OC₂H₅)₃ n=1, 2, 3,L=P(C₆H₅)₃ n=1] including isomers (cis,trans,fac,mer) are reported, A large range of chemical shifts is found for the title compounds. The coupling constants¹ J(⁹⁵Mo-³¹P) are derived either from⁹⁵Mo-NMR spectra or³¹P-NMR spectra. Syntheses of the measured compounds were performed by thermal or photochemical ligand substitution.

---

Molybdän-95 NMR einer Reihe von Phosphin- und Phosphit-substituierten Molybdäncarbonylen Mo(CO)_6–n(L) _n (n=1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Zusammenfassung Es werden die⁹⁵Mo-NMR-Spektren der im Titel genannten Verbindungen mitL=P(OCH₃)₃ n=1–5,L=P(OC₂H₅)₃ n=1–3 undL=P(C₆H₅)₃ n=1, einschließlich von Isomeren (cis, trans, fac, mer) angegeben. Für die chemischen Verschiebungen wurde ein sehr weiter Bereich beobachtet. Die Kopplungskonstanten¹ J(⁹⁵Mo-³¹P) wurden entweder von den⁹⁵Mo- oder³¹P-NMR-Spektren ermittelt. Die Synthese der Verbindungen erfolgte mittels thermischem oder photochemischem Ligandenaustausch.