Bounded Bose Fields

Examples for bounded Bose fields in two dimensions are presented.     

Quark core stars,quark stars and strange stars

A recent one flavor (zero temperature) quark matter equation of state is generalized to several flavors. It is shown that quarks undergo a first order phase transition. In addition, this equation of state depends on few parameters, one in the two flavor case, two in the three flavor case, and these parameters can be constrained by phenomenology. This equation of state is then applied to 1) the hadronquark transition in neutron stars and the determination of quark star stability, 2) the investigation of strange matter stability and possible strange star existence.     

Dilute Bose gas revised

The well-known results concerning a dilute Bose gas with the short-range repulsive interaction should be reconsidered due to a thermodynamic inconsistency of the method being basic to much of the present understanding of this subject. The aim of our paper is to propose another way of treating the dilute Bose gas with an arbitrary strong interaction. Using the reduced density matrix of the second order and a variational procedure, this way allows us to escape the inconsistency mentioned and operate with singular potentials of the Lennard-Jones type. The derived expansion of the condensate depletion in powers of the boson density n=N/V reproduces the familiar result, while the expansion for the mean energy per particle is of the form epsilon=2 pi planck(2)an/m[1+128/(15 square root of [pi]) square root of [na(3)](1-5b/8a)+...], where a is the scattering length and b> or =0 stands for one more characteristic length depending on the shape of the interaction potential (in particular, for the hard spheres a=b). All the consideration concerns the zero temperature.     

Bose condensation in biosystems

A microscopic approach to Fröhlich's theory of Bose condensation in biological systems is discussed. The conclusions from this microscopic analysis offer further support for Fröhlich's hypothesis.     

玻色气体的磁性

物质磁性一直是凝聚态物理研究的重要课题.以往对磁性的探索主要是以费米子（局域或巡游的电子）为研究对象.由于传统的玻色系统液氦没有自旋,不表现磁性,玻色系统的磁性很少被关注.碱金属原子气体玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实现,在开辟了冷原子物理研究领域的同时,也打开了研究玻色系统磁性的大门.这是因为碱金属原子通常具有超精细结构,是旋量玻色气体,能够展示磁性.文章通过对比费米气体的相关结果,介绍了旋量玻色气体磁性的研究概况和最新进展,特别是铁磁性玻色气体的磁性相变以及在低温下铁磁性凝聚体的动力学特征.     

玻色气体的磁性

物质磁性一直是凝聚态物理研究的重要课题.以往对磁性的探索主要是以费米子(局域或巡游的电子)为研究对象.由于传统的玻色系统液氦没有自旋,不表现磁性,玻色系统的磁性很少被关注.碱金属原子气体玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实现,在开辟了冷原子物理研究领域的同时,也打开了研究玻色系统磁性的大门.这是因为碱金属原子通常具有超精细结构,是旋量玻色气体,能够展示磁性.文章通过对比费米气体的相关结果,介绍了旋量玻色气体磁性的研究概况和最新进展,特别是铁磁性玻色气体的磁性相变以及在低温下铁磁性凝聚体的动力学特征.     

Relativistic charged Bose gas

The excitation spectrum of a relativistic spin-zero charged Bose gas is obtained in a dielectric response formulation. Relativity introduces a dip in the spectrum and the consequences of this dip for the thermodynamic functions are discussed.     

Quark stars

In a development of the hypothesis of quark regions within massive stars, it is shown that superconductivity may arise in these stars. An analysis is made of the properties of quark atoms.Translated from Izvestiya VUZ. Fizika, No. 8, pp. 39–44, August, 1970.     

Structure factor of Bose fluid

The structure factor which is a measure of the correlation between the positions of the atoms in a fluid is calculated for a Bose fluid. Its dependence on the propagation vectork is obtained in an effort to obtain a formula that may be valid for all values ofk.One of the authors (K. M. K.) is thankful to Professor Abdus Salam and the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy, for hospitality when the above work was initiated.     

量子阱中的玻色凝聚问题

介绍了一种新的量子阱结构中激子问题的研究方法，即输运量蒙特卡罗模拟计算，利用这种方法，我们研究了磁场下ＩＩ型量子阱中激子的状态，并进一步讨论了在一个电子－空穴分离的系统中，玻色凝聚态存在可能性问题。     

Bose gas in gravitational field

The Bose gas in an arbitrary curved space-time is considered. A method of construction of the thermodynamic potential of a quantum gas by means of a finite-temperature Green's function is proposed. On this basis the Bose and Boltzmann distributions are derived. The behavior of the chemical potential is investigated. The phenomenon of Bose-Einstein condensation is discussed.     

Radiative Corrections to Bose Condensation

The Bose condensation of the scalar field in a theory behaving in the Coleman-Weinberg mode is considered. The effective potential of the model is computed within the semiclassical approximation in a dimensional regularization scheme. Radiative corrections are shown to introduce certain μ-dependent ultraviolet divergences in the effective potential coming from the Many-Particle theory. The weight of radiative corrections in the dynamics of the system is strongly modified by the charge density.     

Hybrid stars

Recently there have been important developments in the determination of neutron star masses which put severe constraints on the composition and equation of state (EOS) of the neutron star matter. Here we study the effect of quark and nuclear matter mixed phase on mass radius relationship of neutron stars employing recent models from two classes of EOS’s and discuss their implications.     

Neutron stars

Neutron stars are laboratories for dense matter and gravitational physics. Observations of neutron stars from sources such as radio pulsars, low-mass X-ray binaries, X-ray bursts and thermally-emitting neutron stars are setting bounds to neutron star masses, radii, rotation rates, temperatures and ages. Mass measurements constrain the equation of state at the highest densities and set firm bounds to the highest possible density of cold matter. Radii constrain the equation of state in the vicinity of the nuclear saturation density and yield information about the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy. Laboratory measurements and theoretical studies of pure neutron matter are in remarkable agreement with observational bounds.