Finite rank,relatively bounded perturbations of semigroups generators

Summary This paper is motivated by, and ultimately directed to, boundary feedback partial differential equations of both parabolic and hyperbolic type, defined on a bounded domain. It is written, however, in abstract form. It centers on the (feedback) operator A_F=A+P; A the infinitesimal generator of a s.c. semigroup on H; P an Abounded, one dimensional range operator (typically nondissipative), so that P=(A·, a)b, for a, b H. While Part I studied the question of generation of a s.c. semigroup on H by A_F and lack thereof, the present Part II focuses on the following topics: (i) spectrum assignment of A_F, given A and a H, via a suitable vector b H; alternatively, given A, via a suitable pair of vectors a, b H; (ii) spectrality of A_F—and lack thereof—when A is assumed spectral (constructive counterexamples include the case where P is bounded but the eigenvalues of A have zero gap, as well as the case where P is genuinely Abounded). The main result gives a set of sufficient conditions on the eigenvalues {_n} of A, the given vector a H and a given suitable sequence {_n} of nonzero complex numbers, which guarantee the existence of a suitable vector b H such that A_F possesses the following two desirable properties: (i) the eigenvalues of A_F are precisely equal to _n+_n; (ii) the corresponding eigenvectors of A_F form a Riesz basis (a fortiori, A_F is spectral). While finitely many _ns can be preassigned arbitrarily, it must be however that _n 0 « sufficiently fast ». Applications include various types of boundary feedback stabilization problems for both parabolic and hyperbolic partial differential equations. An illustration to the damped wave equation is also included.Research partially supported by Air Force Office of Scientific Research under Grant AFOSR-84-0365.     

Representations of inverse semigroups by one-to-one partial transformations of a set

We show that each representation ϕ, say, of an inverse semigroup S, by means of transformations of a set X, determines a representation ϕ^* by means of partial one-to-one transformations of X, in such a fashion that sϕ ↦ sϕ^*, for s ∈ S, is an isomorphism of Sϕ upon Sϕ^*. An immediate corollary is the classical faithful representation of an inverse semigroup as a semigroup of partial one-to-one transformations.     

Defining relations of semigroups of all directed transformations of an ordered finite set

The semigroup of all transformations X of a finite (partially) ordered set , such that X for all , is considered. All possible generating sets of a are elucidated. Only one of those sets is irreducible. A system of defining relations is found for that generating set.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 657–662, June, 1968.     

关于反射等价关系的变换半群的注记

设TX是非空集合X上全变换半群,E是X上非平凡的等价关系,则T?(X)是TX的子半群.在赋予半群T?(X)自然偏序关系的条件下,本文刻画了它的相容元.     

Regularized semigroups of bounded semivariation

We use regularized semigroups to consider local linear and semilinear inhomogeneous abstract Cauchy problems on a Banach space in a unified way. We show that the inhomogeneous abstract Cauchy problem {fx43-1} has a unique classical solution, for allf εC([0,T], [Im(C)]),x inC(D(A)), if and only ifA generates aC-regularized semigroup of bounded semivariation, and has a strong solution for allf εL ¹ ([0,T], [Im(C)]),x εC(D(A)) if and only if theC-regularized semigroup is what we call of bounded super semivariation. This includes locally Lipschitz continuousC-regularized semigroups. We give similar simple sufficient conditions for the semilinear abstract Cauchy problem {fx43-2} to have a unique solution. Well-known results for generators of strongly continuous semigroups, as well as more recent results for Hille-Yosida operators, originally due to Da Prato and Sinestrari, regarding (0.1), are immediate corollaries of our results. Results due to Desch, Schappacher and Zhang, on (0.2), for generators of strongly continuous semigroups, are similarly generalized to Hille-Yosida operators with our approach. This article appeared in the last issue of the Forum. However, due to an error by the Journal Secetary, the Abstract was omitted, and with it the equations which are the focus of the article. We therefore are reprinting the article in its entirety. The Journal Secretary regrets the error.     

On identities of finite involution semigroups

We investigate the question of whether a finite involution semigroup is inherently nonfinitely based (INFB), which means that it is not contained in any finitely based locally finite variety. Although we fall short of a full characterization, we nevertheless clarify a number of interesting subcases.     

Decompositions of semigroups induced by identities

In this paper we consider decompositions of semigroups induced by identities. Here we give some new characterizations of a semilattice of Archimedean semigroups and, using this, we describe all identities which induce decompositions into a semilattice of Archimedean semigroups. Also, we give a solution for one problem ofШеврин andСуханов [27]. Supported by Grant 0401A of RFNS through Math. Inst. SANU     

Completely regular semigroups as semigroups of partial transformations

Communicated by G. Lallement     

Spaces ofp-vectors of bounded rank

LetV be ann-dimensional space over an infinite field of characteristic different from 2. Therank ofw ∈ Λ ^p V is the minimal dimension of a subspaceU ⊂V such thatw ∈ Λ ^p U. Extending a well-known result on linear spaces in the Grassmannian, it is shown that ifp≤k<n then the maximal dimension of a subspaceW ⊂ Λ ^p V such that rankw≤k for allω ∈W is where∈=1 ifk=p orp=2|k,∈=0 otherwise, andm satisfies . Supported by The Israel Science Foundation founded by the Academy of Sciences and Humanities.     

Invariant set criteria for CO semigroups

The purpose of this note is to describe conditions that guarantee the invariance of convex sets for strongly continuous semigroups of linear operators. The criteria is expressed in terms of subtangential properties of the semigroup and its infinitesimal generator. These ideas include various recent results of a similar nature.     

Commutative cancellative semigroups of finite rank

The rank of a commutative cancellative semigroup S is the cardinality of a maximal independent subset of S. Commutative cancellative semigroups of finite rank are subarchimedean and thus admit a Tamura-like representation. We characterize these semigroups in several ways and provide structure theorems in terms of a construction akin to the one devised by T. Tamura for N-semigroups.     

The average rank of a product of transformations

We derive an exact formula for the average rank of a product fg of transformations of an n-element set in terms of the ranks of f and g. We show that if no restrictions are placed on the ranks of f and g, this average rank asymptotically equals n(1−exp (e⁻¹−1)). We show that there exist two transformations which generate a semigroup of nⁿ−(n−1)ⁿ+(n−1) (−1)ⁿ⁺¹+n elements.