分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定中药甘草中邻苯二甲酸酯残留

建立了一种简单、快速、有效测定中药甘草中5种邻苯二甲酸酯(DBP、BBP、DCHP、DEHP、DNOP)的分散液液微萃取-气相色谱/质谱(DLLME-GC/MS)检测方法。甘草样品经甲醇浸泡提取,水分散和盐析后用100μL四氯化碳萃取浓缩,采用GC/MS法测定,标准曲线定量。5种目标物在1~5 000μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.9990,方法的检出限和定量限在0.16~0.58μg/kg和0.34~1.92μg/kg范围。在3个加标浓度水平下的平均回收率为87.80%~120.63%,相对标准偏差小于7.43%。该方法适用于不同产地中药材甘草中环境激素邻苯二甲酸酯类残留的测定。     

相转移催化水解-超分子溶剂萃取法测定食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯总量

建立了食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯总量的快速测定方法。在四丁基氯化铵的催化作用下,油样中的邻苯二甲酸酯水解为邻苯二甲酸,进一步利用辛醇、四氢呋喃和水形成的超分子溶剂萃取,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/ MS)定量分析。本方法的水解时间为10 min,目标物的线性范围为50~2000μg/ L (r>0.999),检出限( LOD)为5.1μg/ kg,定量限( LOQ)为18μg/ kg,3个水平加标回收率为84.6%~104.5%,日内及日间精密度分别为2.6%和3.7%。选择12种实际油样进行测定,邻苯二甲酸酯总含量范围为0.30~1.09 mg/ kg。     

小体积液液萃取气相色谱-质谱法测定水体中邻苯二甲酸酯

采用小体积液液萃取气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法测定水体中邻苯二甲酸酯,有效地避免了各种空白干扰。该法以正己烷为萃取剂,对6种目标化合物的富集倍数达8～321倍。在0.40～20.0μg/L范围内线性良好,6种邻苯二甲酸酯的检出限在0.01～0.10μg/L范围内,适用于实际水体中低浓度邻苯二甲酸酯的测定。     

气相色谱-质谱联用测定食品中的邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了食品中15种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的超声提取-固相萃取净化/GC-MS分析方法。考察了不同类食品的提取、净化方法,对检测的色谱条件进行优化,并通过基质加标校准曲线补偿邻苯二甲酸酯的基体效应。研究表明,净化后食品萃取液的基质去除率达到80%;15种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法线性范围为1～800μg/kg,相关系数大于0.998;加标样品的平均回收率为84%～115%,RSD(n=6)为5.3%～9.4%。含油脂食品的检出限为0.50～3.20μg/kg;不含油脂食品和液体食品的检出限为0.02～0.50μg/kg。该方法前处理过程简单、溶剂用量小、净化效果好,可用于不同种类食品中15种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的测定。     

盐析辅助液液萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定含乳饮料中12种邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了基于盐析辅助液液萃取(SALLE)/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)技术检测含乳饮料中12种邻苯二甲酸酯的分析方法。样品采用乙腈提取,硫酸铵作为盐析剂,以苯基色谱柱分离,串联质谱正离子模式扫描,多反应监测模式检测。实验考察了萃取溶剂、盐析剂对萃取效率的影响。最优条件下,12种邻苯二甲酸酯在对应质量浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数(r2)不小于0.997,检出限为0.03～0.6μg/kg,定量下限为0.1～2.0μg/kg;4种加标浓度下的回收率为70.8%～111%,相对标准偏差为0.30%～7.2%。同时考察了不同温度及光照下聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)包装材质含乳饮料中邻苯二甲酸酯的迁移量,结果表明高温(80℃)下邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)迁移最为显著。该方法操作简捷、成本低、准确度高,可以满足含乳饮料中12种邻苯二甲酸酯的分析要求。     

高效液相色谱测定牛奶中邻苯二甲酸酯的方法研究

建立了针对欧盟指令2007/19/EC中禁止与食品接触的6种邻苯二甲酸酯(BBP、DBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP和DIDP)的RP-HPLC测定方法.样品用甲醇、正己烷.甲基叔丁基醚(ⅥV=1:1)提取,经冷冻去脂、液液萃取和硅胶固相萃取净化后,用ODS柱(250×4.6mm,5μm)分离,UV 224 nm检测.结果表明,BBP和DBP在0.05～80μg/mL、DEHP和DNOP在0.1～80μg/mL、DINP和DIDP在0.5～80μg/mL的质量浓度范围内,峰面积与质量浓度呈线性关系,相关系数(r2)均大于0.998.方法检测限分别为:BBP 0.15μg/g、DBP 0.1μg/g、DEHP和DNOP 0.2μg/g、DINP和DIDP 0.6μg/g;6种PAEs的添加量在最大残留限量值的0.2、1和2倍时,其平均回收率为80.7%～102.3%,相对标准偏差为1.7%～9.0%.所建立的方法经济、准确、可靠,满足欧盟指令中6种邻苯二甲酸酯限量的检测要求.     

基质固相分散萃取-分散液相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定土壤中的邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了基质固相分散萃取-分散液相微萃取-气相色谱质谱联用法测定土壤中5种邻苯二甲酸酯的分析方法。优化了前处理条件,最佳条件为:0.2g样品与0.4g弗罗里硅土研磨8min,混合物以10mL丙酮-乙酸乙酯(1:1,V:V)洗脱,用氮气吹干并用乙腈定容至0.4mL,加入30μL四氯化碳和5mL超纯水形成乳化,离心破乳后吸取1μL沉积相进GC-MS分析。DMP在25~500μg/kg,DEP在10~500μg/kg,DBP、BBP和DNOP在5~500μg/kg范围内线性关系良好,相关系数在0.9983~0.9997,检出限为0.32~2.90μg/kg,平均加标回收率为85.5%~104%,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于8.2%。方法满足实际土壤中微量邻苯二甲酸酯分析的要求。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水产品中氟喹诺酮类药物残留的不确定度评定

建立高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定水产品中的氟罗沙星、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星3种氟喹诺酮类药物残留量的测量不确定度评定方法。构建不确定度评定的数学模型，对不确定度来源进行分析。评定结果表明，不确定来源主要为标准溶液配制及标准曲线拟合。当水产品中氟罗沙星的质量分数为5.24μg/kg时，其扩展不确定度为0.83μg/kg(k=2)；氧氟沙星含量为5.34μg/kg时，其扩展不确定度为0.49μg/kg(k=2)；诺氟沙星含量为6.35μg/kg时，其扩展不确定度为1.20μg/kg(k=2)。     

气相色谱–质谱法测定纤维板和刨花板中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂

建立气相色谱–质谱方法测定纤维板和刨花板中6种邻苯二甲酸酯的方法。样品用正己烷提取后,采用HP–5MS毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)分离,以内标法进行定量。邻苯二甲酸酯BBP,DBP,DEHP,DNOP在0.2~2μg/m L范围内线性均良好,检出限为2 mg/kg;DINP,DIDP在2.0~20μg/m L范围内线性均良好,检出限为10 mg/kg。线性相关系数均大于0.999。样品加标回收率为86.00%~95.17%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.06%~9.72%(n=6)。该方法具有较高的灵敏度,可应用于各类纤维板和刨花板产品中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的检测。     

固相微革取-气相色谱-质谱联用测定海水与沉积物中邻苯二甲酸酯类污染物

邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)是塑化剂产品中使用最广泛的一类化合物,准确分析海洋中邻苯二甲酸酯的种类、组成及浓度水平,对认识PAEs在海洋环境的迁移变化及生态效应具有重要意义.本研究建立了固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析海水与沉积物中PAEs的方法,确定了萃取时间、萃取温度等最佳实验条件.本方法测定海水与沉积物中PAEs含量的精密度为±10%,检出限分别为0.04~0.32 ng/L和0.12~1.60μg/kg;除邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)外,海水中PAEs回收率为68.0%~114.0%,沉积物中PAEs回收率为76.4%~105.0%.利用本方法测得长江口及其邻近海域水体与沉积物中PAEs的浓度分别为0.270~1.39μg/L和0.79~34.8μg/kg.实验表明,本方法操作简单,准确度高,大大缩减了海水萃取体积,能够应用于近岸海水与沉积物中PAEs含量的准确分析.     

毛细管气相色谱法测定化妆品中的酞酸酯

建立了用毛细管气相色谱配氢火焰离子化检测器测定化妆品中6种酞酸酯(邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己)酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DOP))的方法。样品用甲醇超声提取,经高速冷冻离心,清液经干燥脱水过0.5 μm滤膜过滤,直接注入气相色谱仪进行分析。然后,经过气相色谱-电子电离-质谱检测分析,确证气相色谱-氢火焰检测的阳性检出结果。用保留时间定性,外标法定量。6种酞酸酯的回收率为82.90%～     

Determination of phthalates and adipate in bottled water by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

The performance of three fibres for the headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DEHA) and eight phthalates in water was investigated systematically under different extraction conditions. Good responses on the 65 microm polydimethylsiloxane/divinylbenzene (PDMS/DVB) SPME fibre were observed for DEHA and all phthalates. The polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) SPME fibre had very poor responses for the lighter and slightly polar phthalates, dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP), while the divinylbenzene/carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (DVB/CAR/PDMS) SPME fibre had very poor responses for the heavier and non-polar adipate and phthalates. The salt (NaCl) was found to increase the partitioning of DMP, DEP, diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate, and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) from water into the headspace, while partitioning of heavier adipate and phthalates from water into headspace was suppressed when the concentration of NaCl was above 10%. The automated headspace SPME methods were developed and validated under two different salting conditions (30% NaCl for DMP, DEP and BBP, and 10% for DEHA, DiBP, DBP, di-n-hexyl phthalate (DHP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP)). Linearity with R(2) values better than 0.9949 was observed for DEHA and eight phthalates over the range from 0.1 to 20 microg L(-1). Method detection limits ranged from 0.003 microg L(-1) for DOP to 0.085 microg L(-1) for BBP. Good repeatability was observed for DEHA and most phthalates with relative standard deviation (RSD) values less than 10%. The methods were used to analyse bottled water samples for DEHA and eight phthalates. DMP, DHP, BBP, DEHA and DOP were not detected in any samples. Concentrations of the other phthalates were low (around sub-ppb) except for DBP in the water from a polycarbonate bottle at 1.72 microg L(-1).     

Simultaneous screening and determination eight phthalates in plastic products for food use by sonication-assisted extraction/GC-MS methods

Studies on determination of eight kinds of phthalates, e.g. di-ethyl phthalate (DEP), di-propyl phthalate (DPP), di-isobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di-cyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-octyl phthalate (DOP), in 25 kinds of plastic products for food use, including packaging bags, packaging film, containers, boxes for microwave oven use, sucking tubes, spoons, cups, plates, etc. by gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS) in electronic ionisation mode (EI) with selected-ion monitoring (SIM) acquisition method (GC-MS (EI-SIM)) have been carried out. Methods have been developed for both qualitative and quantitative analysis of phthalates. Extraction, clean-up and analysis procedure have been optimized. Determination of samples were performed after frozen in liquid nitrogen and sonication-assisted extraction with hexane, clean-up with LC-C18 SPE and analyzed by GC-MS methods. The base peak (m/z = 149) of all the phthalates was selected for the screening studies. The characteristic ions, 121, 177, 222 for DEP; 191, 209 for DPP; 57, 223 for DIBP; 104 for DBP; 91, 132, 206 for BBP; 55, 167 for DCHP; 113, 167, 279 for DEHP; 279 for DOP were chosen for quantitative studies. These techniques are possible to detect phthalates at the level of 10.0 μg/kg. Overall recoveries were 82-106% with R.S.D. values at 3.8-10.2%. Only one of the 25 examined samples was free from phthalates. The rest 24 samples were found to contain at least three or more of these phthalates. The predominant phthalate detected in the studied samples was DEHP.     

固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法同时测定化妆品中的邻苯二甲酸酯和对羟基苯甲酸酯

采用超声协助甲醇提取、固相萃取净化、气相色谱/选择离子质谱联用法,同时测定化妆品中8种邻苯二甲酸酯和4种对羟基苯甲酸酯。该方法线性范围广、重现性好、快速简便、干扰小。样品的加标回收率为80%～100%;含量检测的相对标准偏差小于10%;方法的检出限为0.1~5.0 μg/kg。用该方法对15种实际样品中的12种残留物进行定量检测,结果表明除了一种样品中不含待测物外,其余样品均检测到3~7种待测物。其中以对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、邻苯二甲酸丙酯、邻苯二甲酸环己酯和邻苯二甲酸乙基庚基酯为主。     

QuEChERS/高效液相色谱测定食品中17种邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了同时检测食品中17种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的QuEChERS/高效液相色谱分析方法.样品经乙腈提取,采用含50 mg PSA和150 mg MgSO4填料的净化管进行净化,分析液经C18柱分离,乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长224 nm.在优化色谱条件下,DINP在0.5～10 m...     

Determination of phthalate esters in water samples using Nylon6 nanofibers mat-based solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography

A new method was developed for simultaneous determination of five phthalate esters by a combination of mat-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) with high-performance liquid chromatography. The mat is composed of Nylon6 nanofibers. Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP) were successfully separated on a RP-C18 column. Under optimized conditions, the detection limits found for DMP, DEP, DBP, DEHP and DOP were 3, 2, 6, 10 and 33 pg mL^?1, respectively. The method was applied to the analysis of various water samples. Spiked samples gave recoveries in the range from 86.9 to 101.9%, with relative standard deviations below 7.0%. A comparison of Nylon6 nanofibers mat as sorbents, and C18 cartridges and other kinds of SPE sorbents was carried out with respect to recovery, sensitivity, and reproducibility. The results indicated that the Nylon mat is a viable material for the enrichment and determination of phthalate esters in environmental water samples.     

固相萃取-气相色谱法测定纺织品中的邻苯二甲酸酯类环境激素

采用索氏提取法以正己烷为提取溶剂提取纺织品中的邻苯二甲酸酯类物质(PAEs),以强阴离子交换固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化本底杂质并富集待测物,建立了纺织品中10余种PAEs环境激素的同时测定方法。采用的固相萃取条件为:5 mL正己烷活化、3 mL异辛烷淋洗、2 mL含15%乙酸乙酯的正己烷溶液洗脱。SPE能有效地对提取液进行富集浓缩,同时对纺织物提取液中的杂质净化效果突出。该方法准确可靠,重现性好,在5~100 mg/kg 添加水平,PAEs各化合物的回收率为86.3%~102.7%,相对标准偏差（RSD）一般小于5%。检测的10余种PAEs中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丙酯(DPrP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二戊酯(DAP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二环己酯(DCHP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP)的方法检出限小于1mg/kg,邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)与邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP）的方法检出限分别为1.74 mg/kg和1.55 mg/kg。     

食品包装材料中13种增塑剂的毛细管气相色谱法测定

建立了索氏提取、固相萃取净化浓缩、毛细管气相色谱法测定塑料食品包装材料中13种增塑剂的方法.优化了固相萃取淋洗剂、洗脱剂和洗脱剂体积等参数.样品经正己烷索氏提取后,用硅胶小柱净化浓缩.以正己烷-甲苯为淋洗剂,2 mL乙酸乙酯为洗脱剂.过滤后的洗脱液用气相色谱仪分析.结果显示,13种增塑剂在0.1～1000 mg/L范围...     

Multivariate optimization of a solid-phase microextraction method for the analysis of phthalate esters in environmental waters

A solid-phase microextraction method (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been developed for the determination of the six phthalate esters included in the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Priority Pollutants list in water samples. These compounds are dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP). Detailed discussion of the different parameters, which could affect the extraction process, is presented. Main factors have been studied and optimized by means of a multifactor categorical design. Different commercial fibers, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB), polyacrylate (PA), Carboxen-polydimethylsiloxane (CAR-PDMS) and Carbowax-divinylbenzene (CW-DVB), have been investigated, as well as the extraction mode, exposing the fiber directly into the sample (DSPME) or into the headspace over the sample (HS-SPME), and different extraction temperatures. The use of this experimental design allowed for the evaluation of interactions between factors. Extraction kinetics has also been studied. The optimized microextraction method showed linear response and good precision for all target analytes. Detection limits were estimated considering the contamination problems associated to phthalate analysis. They were in the low pg mL(-1), excluding DEHP (100 pg mL(-1)). The applicability of the developed SPME method was demonstrated for several real water samples including mineral, river, industrial port and sewage water samples. All the target analytes were found in real samples. Levels of DEP and DEHP were over 1 ng mL(-1) in some of the samples.     

基质固相分散-气相色谱/质谱法测定蔬菜中的邻苯二甲酸酯

利用基质固相分散-气相色谱/质谱法测定了蔬菜中的邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯和邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯。蔬菜样品经弗罗里硅土和石墨化炭黑研磨均匀后,用乙酸乙酯淋洗净化,结果表明:上述5种邻苯二甲酸酯在0.05~10.00 mg/L 范围内具有良好的线性,样品的添加回收率为76%~90%,相对标准偏差为2%~7%,5种邻苯二甲酸酯的检出限为0.01~0.024 mg/kg。该方法操作简便、经济,分析速度快,适用于大批量样品的分析。