重离子束适形放射治疗技术

重离子束适形放射治疗技术主要包括束流配送系统和治疗计划系统等 .前者是实现重离子束适形放射治疗的硬件设施 ,后者为适形治疗的软件支撑系统 ,两者缺一不可 .鉴于重离子束与物质相互作用在物理学及生物学效应上表现出的特殊性,重离子束治癌中特别引入了面向生物学效应的适形治疗和束流的正电子断层在线监控技术. The conformal radiotherapy techniques mainly include the two systems that are beam delivery and treatment planning. The formal is the hardware basis while the later is the software supplement for heavy ion conformal therapy, they are dependent on each other to realize the cancer conformal therapy with heavy ion beam. Because of the specificities of interaction between heavy ion and target on both physics and biological effects, the heavy ion cancer therapy especially involves...     

重离子束辐照育种研究进展及发展趋势

相对于低能离子束生物学, 中能重离子束对植物的诱变效应介绍较少。 从机理上综述了中能重离子束辐照诱变技术的优点, 简要介绍了粮食作物、 经济作物及模式植物的重离子束辐照育种的现状, 最后从转基因、 分子辅助标记及航天育种等方面对重离子束辐照育种的发展趋势进行了展望。 In recent years, the intermediate energy heavy ion biology has been concerned rarely comparing to that of the low energy ions. In this paper, we summarized the advantage of a new mutation breeding method mediated by intermediate energy heavy ion irradiations. Meanwhile, the present state of this mutation technique in applications of the breeding in grain crops, cash crops and model plants were introduced. And the preview of the heavy ion irradiations in gene transfer, molecular marker assisted selection and spaceflight mutation breeding operations were also presented.     

重离子束治疗肿瘤临床研究

文章综述了重离子束在物理学、生物学、临床治疗等方面的优势,以及在放射生物学方面的基础实验研究内容。分析总结了国内外重离子束辐照治疗肿瘤的临床研究结果。其中,日本已接受治疗了约6 000 名不同类型的肿瘤患者,并取得较高的局部控制率和生存率;德国在头颈部肿瘤临床治疗方面取得了巨大的成功;在兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL) 肿瘤治疗终端上,中国科学院近代物理研究所联合甘肃省肿瘤医院及兰州军区总医院对肿瘤患者的重离子治疗已进入临床试验阶段。甘肃省肿瘤医院治疗结果显示:43 例患者通过影像学检查评价疗效,客观有效率(CR+PR)为71.4%,主要急性放射损伤为1-2 级皮肤反应(红斑形成和脱皮),发生率为61.9%,治疗1 个月后随访结果显示重离子束(12C6+)对深部肿瘤具有较好的局部控制作用,且无严重不良反应发生。This article reviews the advantages of heavy ion in physical, biological and clinical aspects, discusses the radio-biological basis of experiment research, and summarizes clinical results of heavy ion beam treatment on tumor at home and abroad. Japan has accepted and treated about 6000 cancer patients of different types with high local control rates and survival ones. Germany has achieved great success in head and neck tumor clinical treatment. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMP-CAS), Tumor Hospital of Gansu Province and Lanzhou General Hospital of PLA have begun clinical trial on heavy ion treatment of deep-seated tumors after the shallow-seated tumor therapy has been done at HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou). The treatment results of Tumor Hospital of Gansu Province show that the objective response rate (CR+PR) is 71.4% and the rate of 1-2 levels radiation injury to skin reactions (erythema and desquamation) is 61.9% when we evaluate the 43 patients by means of maging. The results of case follow-up after treatment in 1 month indicate that the deep-seated tumor therapy with heavy ion beam has high local control rates without severe adverse effect.     

重离子束在微生物诱变育种及生物能源开发中的应用

作为一种新型的辐射诱变源, 重离子束在辐射诱变育种中的优越性已经显现。 在此基础上综述了重离子束用于微生物诱变育种的基本原理、 独特优点、 所取得的成果及研究进展, 并对其在新型生物能源开发中的潜力进行了展望。As a new radiation source, heavy ion beams have demonstrated the outstanding advantage in mutation breeding. Based on this background, the basic principal and unique peculiarity of heavy ion beams, the achievement and the progress in the research of microbial mutation breeding are reviewed in the paper. The potential application of heavy ion beams to new biological energy is also prospected.     

肿瘤细胞辐射敏感性相关蛋白研究进展

重点综述了Siah, HIF, NF-κB和DNA-PK蛋白与肿瘤细胞辐射敏感性关系的最新研究进展。 总结了中国科学院重离子束辐射生物医学重点实验室近几年来在BRCA1等肿瘤细胞辐射敏感性相关蛋白方面的研究工作。 简介了HLET C离子束治疗肿瘤的优点。 展望了此实验室借助兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL)提供的C离子束研究肿瘤细胞辐射敏感性相关蛋白的目标和方向。 The research progress of tumor cells radiosensitivity associated protein Siah, HIF,NF-κB and DNA-PK are summarized and reviewed. The recent works of our laboratory on tumor cells radiosensitivity associated proteins such as BRCA1 are demonstrated. In the present review, we focused on discussions about the advantages of heavy ion therapy and its possible application in the research of radiosensitivity associated proteins. At the end of this review, we highlighted the future trend and potential targets in the study of tumor cells radiosensitivity associated proteins.     

C离子束放射治疗肿瘤的进展

重离子(C离子)用于肿瘤放射治疗具有物理学和生物学两方面的优势, 被誉为面向21世纪最佳放疗用射线。 综合论述了世界各国重离子束治癌的发展历史, 在日本国立放射医学综合研究所(NIRS)提供的临床试验数据基础上分析了C离子束治疗的适应症以及对正常组织的放射损伤。 此外, 通过分析潜在患者人数和治疗相关硬件与软件设备, 对C离子束治癌的运用前景做了初步评估。Heavy ions (carbon ions) were considered currently as the best radiation in radiotherapy for their two superiorities in the physical and biological properties. This paper firstly put the focus on the history of development of heavy ion radiotherapy in the world, then a comprehensive analysis of the indications and radiation damages of normal tissues in clinical trails of heavy ion therapy was made based on the published data by NIRS. Moreover, the prospect of using carbon ions in radiotherapy was estimated by analyzing the potential patients’ number, its related instruments and etc.     

重离子治癌相关研究

癌症是现代医学的难题, 一直危害着人类的健康。放射治疗是癌症治疗的有效手段之一。由于重离子束在物理学和生物学性质上所具有的优势, 它已成为放疗用的最佳射线。简述了重离子治癌的发展历程、 现状以及特点, 详细讨论了在医学物理和放射生物学研究领域值得关注的若干热点问题。Being a challenge to modern medicine, cancer endangers people’s health. Radiotherapy is one of the most successful means to treat cancer. Owing to their advantages in physics and biology, heavy ions have become the optimal particles used in radiotherapy. The features of heavy ion therapy are described, and several hot topics in medical physics and radiobiology are discussed in detail.     

Advance in in-beam PET

Tumor radiotherapy was a promising modality and over 100 years. Beams of heavy-charged particles show high RBE advantages and become the optimum tool for tumors therapy. Newly, along with the development of accelerators, scintillators, micro-electronics and computers, the heavy ion tumor therapy has been recognized more and developed.     

Progresses of heavy-ion cancer therapy

The status of heavy-ion cancer therapy has been reviewed. The existing and constructing heavy-ion beam facilities for cancer therapy in the world are introduced. The first clinical trials of superficially placed tumor therapy at heavy ion research facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) are presented.     

重离子治疗计划系统的构想

对重离子柬治癌的优势进行简要的回顾，并着重介绍了用于重离子放射治疗的治疗计划系统。治疗计划系统是一套软件系统，不同的硬件设施应有与其相匹配的软件系统，即治疗计划系统。在此基础上，针对兰州重离子加速器的特点提出一些关于治疗计划系统方面的构想。After a brief review concerning the advantages of heavy ions in radiotherapy, more interests are concentrated on treatment planning system （TPS） for heavy ion radiotherapy. Compared to the hardware devices such as accelerator and beam delivery system, the TPS is a set of software system, and different therapy facilities require their corresponding TPSs. Based on the specialities of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou （HIIRFL）, some suggestions on the TPS for tumor therapy at HIRFL finally are given.     

质子与重离子肿瘤治疗的进展

简要介绍了质子与重离子肿瘤治疗的历史和现状.现在,全世界有质子治疗中心23家,治疗肿瘤患者总数为39 612人;重离子治疗设备有3台,治疗肿瘤患者4 511人（包括He离子治疗2 054例病人）.     

重离子束治癌中深度剂量分布优化

针对兰州重离子研究装置所加速的120MeV/u ¹²C离子束,利用模拟退火优化算法进行了Bragg峰展宽的剂量优化.取相同的展宽区域(30mm),4种不同的步长(2,1,0.5,0.25mm)进行Bragg峰展宽模拟.对所得到的剂量平均值,均方差,入射口剂量,峰坪比等优化结果的参数做了比较.讨论了重离子束治癌临床上最优的Bragg峰展宽模型的选取.     

重离子治疗肿瘤点扫描控制系统

为了实现重离子治疗肿瘤点扫描,对扫描磁铁进行相应的控制。治疗计划进行剂量与肿瘤适形数据的生成,并传输至点扫描控制器与剂量控制器。同时也向点扫描控制器中存入事例数据,以纳入整个加速器控制时序,等待同步时间事例系统的事例触发。点扫描控制器根据剂量控制器的脉冲控制换点治疗操作以及进行换点治疗的扫描磁铁插值算法平滑处理。剂量控制器对气体电离室前端电子学已经刻度的剂量脉冲进行计数。当达到治疗剂量时,控制法拉第筒来阻挡束流,实现点扫描安全治疗。实验证明在现有的电源与磁铁等设备条件以及束流品质下,点扫描控制系统能实现2mm点间距扫描。     

重离子治癌中的三维剂量成形方式

介绍了重离子治癌装置ＨＩＭＡＣ和ＨＩＴＡＧ的三维剂量成形方式;对一种正在设计中的重离子对肿瘤的照射方式进行了分析,旨在为ＨＩＲＦＬ及ＨＩＲＦＬ－ＣＳＲ所提供的离子束设计三维剂量成形方案． Three dimensional dose shaping methods in heavy-ion therapy facilities,HI MAC and HITAG are introduced.A new tumor irradiation pattern with heavy ion beam which is being designed is analyzed.It aims at choosing suitable three dimensional dose shaping planning for heavy ion beam supplied by HIRFL and the proposed HIRFL-CSR.     

重离子束在医学治疗中的应用

重离子束治癌是重离子束在医疗领域中的一项典型的应用技术,文章从重离子束在物理学与生物学上的特点,描述了它对肿瘤治疗具有优越性,物理剂量深度分布在射程末端有一个能量沉积集中区,其深度和大小均可调节;在靶区的相对生物效率（RBE）高、氧增比（OER）低;射程歧离与横向散射小;利用正电子发射断层照相（PET）技术术可以实时在线监测;可以三维扫描进行适用形治疗,半致死损伤修复小;辐射敏感性不依赖细胞周期相,文章还介绍了这项技术的国内外进展,并对其未来进行了展望。     

p73变异体研究现状及其在肿瘤放疗中的应用前景

p73基因是p53抑癌基因家族的新成员。 p73有两组蛋白异构体: TAp73和DNp73。 TAp73具有诱导细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡的能力, 而DNp73却有与之相反的能力, 具有肿瘤促进作用。 对p73基因两面性的特点及研究进展作一综述。 最后结合重离子治疗肿瘤, 探讨了p73联合重离子治疗的新思路。 p73 was the first identified homologue of the tumor suppressor gene, p53. p73 has two groups of protein isoforms: TAp73 and DNp73. TAp73 can induce cell cycle arrest, resulting in the ability of apoptosis, however DNp73 has antagonistic property of a tumor promoting effect. In this paper, the dual roles of p73 gene and its research progress was reviewed. Finally, combined with heavy ion treatment of tumor, we explored some new ideas of p73 heavy ion joint therapy.     

面向HIRFL-CSR主动式点扫描技术的剂量标定方法研究(英文)

基于HIRFL-CSR肿瘤重离子治疗终端主动式束流配送系统发展了面向三维点扫描适形调强治疗技术的在线监测器点扫描剂量标定方法。为了验证点扫描剂量标定方法的稳定性和可靠性,利用HIRFL-CSR提供的C离子束考察了在线监测器剂量标定因子的能量依赖以及不同扫描步长的影响。结果表明:在线监测器剂量标定因子存在能量依赖;不同扫描步长对剂量标定因子影响较小（偏差小于1.8%）。证明了点扫描剂量标定方法的稳定性和可靠性。鉴于在三维点扫描适形调强治疗技术中影响在线监测器点扫描剂量标定因子的因素较多,建议今后续继续研究点扫描剂量标定因子影响因素,修正和完善点扫描剂量标定方法。As an important step of the application of spot scanning technique to heavy ion therapy, an experimental calibration procedure of online beam monitors based on standard of absorbed dose to water has recently been developed for scanned pencil like carbon ion beam in the deep seated tumor therapy terminal at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL). In this work, creating homogeneous irradiation field with steerable spot beam was tested using a 207 MeV/u penci like carbon ion beam. Then the verification of energy dependence of the calibration factors (CFs) and the influence of scanning step on the CF were also shown, as a part of the heavy ion clinic dosimetry researches. The results showd that the monitor CF presented energy dependence and performed stable response with deviation of 1.8% for the variation of scan steps. In this paper, the suitability and effectiveness of beam monitor calibration procedure for dynamic particle beam delivery were verified and the further research points to improve the calibration procedure were suggested.