Modified smart pixel mapping method for displaying orthoscopic 3D images in integral imaging

In this paper, we propose a modified smart pixel mapping (MSPM) method for displaying orthoscopic three-dimensional (3D) images with a function of depth control in integral imaging system. In the proposed MSPM, the depth-converted elemental image array (EIA) is obtained through the pixel mapping process and the image interpolation technique. The proposed method gives us the depth conversion at distances different from the position of 3D object and provides various types of EIAs using only an original EIA for orthoscopic images. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, we carry out the preliminary experiments and present the experimental results.     

Orthoscopic integral imaging display by use of the computational method based on lenslet model

In this paper, we propose a computational depth conversion method based on the lenslet model to display the orthoscopic 3D images in 3D integral imaging display. The proposed method permits the synthesis of elemental images for the orthoscopic 3D images at any arbitrary position without any restrictions and requires no additional procedure during the depth conversion process. Due to the lenslet model involved in the depth conversion procedure, the proposed method can broaden the flexibility of 3D image reconstruction in the integral imaging display system. We carry out the preliminary experiments to prove the feasibility of the proposed method. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method is an effective depth conversion method that allows the reconstruction of the orthoscopic 3D images at any arbitrary position.     

无狭缝一步彩虹全息的新方法

本文提出一种新的三维漫射物体的一步彩虹全息方法.该法是在曝光过程中将被摄物体与成像透镜同时沿垂直光轴方向移动,并通过场镜使合成狭缝直接成像在场镜后焦面上,可得到较大观察范围的无畸变彩虹全息像.     

Microscopic imaging and holography with hard X-rays using Fresnel zone-plates

The imaging properties of a Fresnel zone-plate (FZP) were used for magnified imaging of microobjects using hard X-rays. The experiments were done using 14 keV synchrotron radiation. The coherence properties of the radiation produced by an undulator allowed the recording of real images and holograms from an object in one single exposure. These images result from the positive and the negative first order diffracted beams respectively. The X-ray microscope worked at an X-ray magnification factor of 12 and could resolve structures of 0.3 μm in size. By going to slightly defocused conditions we obtained magnified images of the holographical nearfield diffraction pattern (in-line holograms) of the object.     

Efficient compression of rearranged time-multiplexed elemental image arrays in MALT-based three-dimensional integral imaging

In this paper, an approach to efficiently compress the time-multiplexed EIAs picked up from the MALT-based integral imaging system is proposed. In this method, the time-multiplexed EIAs are rearranged by collecting the elemental images occupied at the same position in each EIA to enhance the similarity among the elemental images. Then, MPEG-4 is applied to these rearranged elemental images for compression. From the experimental results, it is shown that the average correlation quality (ACQ) value representing a degree of similarity between the elemental images, and the resultant compression efficiency have been enhanced by 11.50% and 9.97%, respectively on the average for three kinds of test scenarios in the proposed method, compared to those of the conventional method. Good experimental results finally confirmed the feasibility of the proposed scheme.     

一种改进型视角投影图像彩色计算全息术的三维重构算法

本文提出了一种利用三维景物的二维视角投影图像合成计算全息图,并重构出彩色再现三维影像的方法.该方法基于利用视角投影图像获取景物的三维傅里叶频谱的理论,采用电荷耦合器件记录三维景物在白光照明条件下横、纵两正交方向的一系列视角投影图像,并利用这些视角投影图像合成计算全息图,从而重构出三维再现像,通过采用在频谱面上的容余采样...     

3D image reconstruction with controllable spatial filtering based on correlation of multiple periodic functions in computational integral imaging

We propose a novel method of slice image reconstruction with controllable spatial filtering by using the correlation of periodic delta-function arrays(PDFAs) with elemental images in computational integral imaging. The multiple PDFAs, whose spatial periods correspond to object's depths with the elemental image array(EIA), can generate a set of spatially filtered EIAs for multiple object depths compared with the conventional method for the depth of a single object. We analyze a controllable spatial filtering effect by the proposed method.To show the feasibility of the proposed method, we carry out preliminary experiments for multiple objects and present the results.     

预成像数字全息测量大物体三维形貌

为了扩大数字全息三维形貌测量的视场,提出了一种预成像的方法.物体先被成像镜头成一缩小的实像,再使用离轴菲涅耳数字全息对此实像进行全息记录.采用倾斜照明光的方法使两次数字全息的再现像之间产生相位差,通过相位去噪和去包裹处理从相位差中提取物体的三维形貌数据.实验证明,预成像方法使测量视场的大小得到了至少一个数量级的提高,采用离轴菲涅耳数字全息降低了测量系统对环境稳定性的要求.     

一种改进型视角投影图像彩色计算全息术的三维重构算法

本文提出了一种利用三维景物的二维视角投影图像合成计算全息图,并重构出彩色再现三维影像的方法.该方法基于利用视角投影图像获取景物的三维傅里叶频谱的理论,采用电荷耦合器件记录三维景物在白光照明条件下横、纵两正交方向的一系列视角投影图像,并利用这些视角投影图像合成计算全息图,从而重构出三维再现像.通过采用在频谱面上的容余采样方法,提高了图像频谱信息的利用率,通过实验论证,证明了该方法的可行性.利用该方法使得视角投影图像的记录过程更加简单,节省了采样时间,提高了程序运行速度|能够在利用同等数量的视角投影图像的条件下,提高合成全息图的质量,使得重构的彩色再现三维影像更加清晰.     

基于微透镜阵列的实时三维物体识别

提出一种基于微透镜阵列多视角成像特点,将三维物体的深度信息转化为二维透射像阵列的角度信息,利用光学二维图像识别技术,实现对三维物体识别的方法.对识别过程进行了理论分析和计算,用匹配滤波的方法实现了对三维物体骰子的实时识别.实验结果表明,本方法的相关识别能力较高,并且具有很强的灵活性,对于有微小旋转、微小平移的三维物体也可进行识别.     

Method of generating orthoscopic elemental image array from sparse camera array

We propose a method of generating orthoscopic elemental image array from a sparse camera array. A parallax image array obtained by a sparse camera array provides different perspectives of a real threedimensional (3D) scene, and has all the information the elemental image array needs. In-depth analysis of the generation method and the relationships between the sparse camera array and the elemental image array are presented. The experimental results demonstrate the correctness of the proposed method.     

结构光三维物体面形实时测量系统

本文基于结构光投影方法提出了一种新的三维物体面形重建方法,并建立了三维物体面形实时测量系统,系统用硬件电路实现结构光峰值提取,然后由软件对畸变光条峰值分布进行总体面形拟合处理。处理中,可以获得物体在视场内附加了一个倾斜面的三维物体面形分布。物体实际面形可以通过减去这个附加倾斜面而获得。     

基于立体视觉的空间运动分析

利用摄影测量方法和计算机视觉技术得出了一套完整的、由双目立体序列图像确定场景中目标运动信息的方法与步骤。讨论了双目立体视觉系统的在任检校,相关系数和松弛法相结合基于点特征的物体运动、立体匹配,运动前后三维特征点的对应,以及利用能减少待定变量、降低计算复杂性、提高算法精确性的反对称矩阵分解算法求解运动参数(R和T)等问题。给出了从一组真实图像中获取目标运动参数的计算结果。     

Optical display of true 3D objects in depth-priority integral imaging using an active sensor

In this paper, we propose a system combining the pickup process using an active sensor and the display process using depth-priority integral imaging (DPII) system to display true three-dimensional (3D) objects within large depth through real and virtual image fields. The active sensor provides depth map and color images of 3D objects. Using captured depth map and original color images, elemental images are computationally synthesized and displayed optically in DPII system. Proposed system provides scaling of 3D scenes for true 3D object. To show the usefulness of proposed system, we carry out the experiment for true 3D objects of three character patterns and present the experimental results.     

Real-time recognition of microscopic phase objects

A method of image enhancement and real-time input of 3-D, microscopic phase objects into a coherent optical pattern recognition system is described. The method consists of directing a low-power laser beam into a microscope objective to produce a real, magnified, coherent image of the specimen under test. The image plane is followed by two successive Fourier transform (FT) planes. In the first FT plane, low and high frequency spatial filters, one of which is photographically produced, are used as pre-processing filters to enhance the image quality. The enhanced signal is imaged from the first FT plane to the second FT plane which contains a matched spatial filter used for specimen identification. The system does not require an expensive incoherent-to-coherent light transducer and in addition, is capable of utilizing both phase and amplitude information from 3-D objects. Examples of results are given.     

Three-dimensional optical microscopy using axially distributed image sensing

We propose three-dimensional (3D) optical microscopy using axially distributed image sensing. In the proposed method, the micro-objects are optically magnified and their axially distributed images are recorded by moving the image sensor along a common optical axis. The 3D volumetric images are generated from the recorded axial image set using a computational reconstruction algorithm based on ray backprojection. Preliminary experimental results are presented. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on 3D optical microscopy using axially distributed sensing.     

Computational integral imaging reconstruction method of 3D images using pixel-to-pixel mapping and image interpolation

In this paper, we propose a novel computational integral imaging reconstruction (CIIR) method to improve the visual quality of the reconstructed images using a pixel-to-pixel mapping and an interpolation technique. Since an elemental image is magnified inversely through the corresponding pinhole and mapped on the reconstruction output plane based on pinhole-array model in the conventional CIIR method, the visual quality of reconstructed output image (ROI) degrades due to the interference problem between adjacent pixels during the superposition of the magnified elemental images. To avoid this problem, the proposed CIIR method generates dot-pattern ROIs using a pixel-to-pixel mapping and substitutes interpolated values for the empty pixels within the dot-pattern ROIs using an interpolation technique. The interpolated ROIs provides a much improved visual quality compared with the conventional method because of the exact regeneration of pixel positions sampled in the pickup process without interference between pixels. Moreover, it can enable us to reduce a computational cost by eliminating the magnification process used in the conventional CIIR. To confirm the feasibility of the proposed system, some experiments are carried out and the results are presented.     

Recognition of a light line pattern by Hu moments for 3-D reconstruction of a rotated object

A simple technique of a light line projection for 3-D shape detection of rotated objects is presented. In this technique, an object is rotated around its symmetrical axis four times at an angle by using an electromechanical device and scanned by a light line. Four views of the object surface are extracted from each one of these rotations by processing a set of light line images. These views are connected using rotation angle and origin coordinates to obtain the complete 3-D shape. Angle and origin are calculated by recognition of a light line pattern. Light line pattern is recognized by Hu moments. In this manner, measurement errors on setup are avoided. It is an advantage over common methods, where these two parameters are measured directly on the setup to obtain the 3-D shape. Local profilometric method is based on the perturbation that the light line suffers when it is projected on the object surface. This perturbation is observed on an image plane due to the different direction between light line projector and viewer. These perturbations are measured by using Gaussian functions. In this technique the light line images are processed in very fast form. The technique and processing time are presented in detail. This technique is tested with objects, which have little information and its experimental results are also presented.     

天文图像多帧盲反卷积收敛性的增强方法

天文图像多帧盲反卷积的收敛性受到初始目标、约束条件和光子噪声等因素的影响.提出了用实际光学成像系统参数确定频率带宽有限约束的方法.用Knox-Thompson 方法重构初始目标相位形成盲反卷积算法的初始目标函数.研究了一种新颖的有效减小光子噪声、边缘效应和振铃现象的方法.根据最大似然估计理论，用期望最大化的优化方法建立了改进的严格约束多帧盲反卷积算法.模拟图像和实际天文图像的复原结果表明，所建立的多帧盲反卷积，可以有效克服大气湍流和减小光子噪声，改善天文观察图像的分辨率，并部分消除光学系统衍射效应对恢复图像的影响. 关键词： 大气光学 天文观测 图像处理和恢复     

基准光栅重构傅里叶变换轮廓术

应用傅里叶轮廓变换术进行三维形貌测量中,为了获得待测物体的高度相位信息,通常需要采集两幅图像.因此当光学系统发牛变动时,必须重新采集基准光栅图像,不利于快速测量.提出一种从变形光栅图像中获取基准光栅图像信息的测量方法.首先在变形光栅图像中记录基准光栅信息,然后通过傅里叶分析提取基准光栅频率信息,通过图像分析获得基准光栅相位信息,最后重构出一幅完整的基准光栅图像,实现三维物体形貌测量.实验结果验证了该方法的可行的.