Plasmonic planar lens based on stack of metal–insulator–metal waveguides with height tuning

We introduce a technique capable of focusing electromagnetic (EM) waves through plasmonic nanoslits symmetrically arranged along the indented semi-circular surface in silver background. The EM transports through the tuning slits in the form of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), and gets the required phase retardations to focus at the focal plane. Due to the subwavelength nature of planar metallic lens, we present the rigorous electromagnetic analysis by using two dimensional (2D) finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. These height-modulated slits with uniform width are demonstrated to have unique advantages in beam manipulation. In combination with previous studies, it is expected that our structure with small number of slits could lead to realization of optimum designs of plasmonic nano-lens.     

Research of photolithography technology based on surface plasmon

This paper demonstrates a new process of the photolithography technology,used to fabricate simply fine patterns,by employing surface plasmon character.The sub-wavelength periodic silica structures with uniform silver film are used as the exposure mask.According to the traditional semiconductor process,the grating structures are fabricated at exposing wavelength of 436 nm.At the same time,it provides additional and quantitative support of this technique based on the finite-difference time-domain method.The results of the research show that surface plasmon characteristics of metals can be used to increase the optical field energy distribution differences through the silica structures with silver film,which directly impact on the exposure of following photosensitive layer in different regions.     

A subwavelength metal-grating assisted sensor of Kretschmann style for investigating the sample with high refractive index

In this paper, a subwavelength metal-grating assisted sensor of Kretschmann style that is capable of detecting the sample with a refractive index higher than that of the substrate is proposed. The sensor configuration is similar to the traditional Kretschmann structure, but the metal film is pattered into a grating. As a TM-polarized laser beam impinges from the substrate, a resonant dip point in reflectance curve is produced at a certain incident angle. Our studies indicate that the sensing sensitivity and resolution are affected by the grating's gap and period, and after these parameters have been optimized, a sensing sensitivity of 51.484°/RIU is obtained with a slightly changing resolution.     

基于非分裂FDTD的左手介质电磁特性的研究

为验证左手介质的电磁特性,采用非分裂时域有限差分方法对左手介质的Drude模型进行建模.这种方法不需要对电场和磁场进行分裂,也不需要对PML空间进行特殊处理,吸收边界PML和工作空间可以通过参数转换来完成,并且构造的PML层为有耗介质,进入PML层的透射波将迅速衰减.它是一种准确而有效的分析色散和各向异性介质的方法,通过此方法有效地验证了左手介质的负折射效应、汇聚效应、相位补偿效应,充分验证了左手介质及其反常特性的存在性和此方法分析左手介质的有效性. 关键词： 左手介质 非分裂 时域有限差分 Drude     

提高OLED光导出效率的异形金属光栅的设计与优化

提出一种用于有机电致发光器件(OLED)的双面对称矩形金属光栅电极,采用时域有限差分方法(FDTD)模拟研究了OLED中表面等离子体激元的激发和耦合传输的物理规律和物理机制,详细计算和分析了该光栅结构的周期、槽宽、光栅高度、槽底厚度、入射光的入射角与电极透射效率的关系,并由此优化了结构的几何参数,使金属电极的光导出效率相对于通常的金属银层电极增强了1.77倍,为基于表面等离子体激元的高效光导出器件的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

基于表面等离子体共振增强的硅基锗金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的设计研究

金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的光栅结构可激发表面等离子体, 有效增强探测器的吸收. 为深入研究器件结构对于表面等离子体的激发及共振增强的影响, 本文提出了一种具有超薄有源层的硅基锗金属-半导体-金属光电探测器的设计方法. 采用时域有限差分的方法详细分析了光栅周期、光栅厚度、 光栅间距及有源层厚度对于表面等离子体共振增强器件性能的影响, 通过仿真模拟获得了器件的最佳结构, 详细地分析了各个界面激发的表面等离子体及其共振模式对于光谱吸收增强的机理. 仿真结果表明, 有源层锗的厚度为400nm的超薄器件在通信波段具有较高的吸收, 尤其在1550nm波长处器件的归一化的光谱吸收率可以高达53.77%, 增强因子达7.22倍. 利用共振效应能够极大地提高高速器件的光电响应, 为解决光电探测器响应度与响应速度之间的相互制约关系提供了有效途径. 关键词： 表面等离子体 锗探测器 时域有限差分仿真     

Optimizing bowtie structure parameters for specific incident light

We investigate optical properties of a bowtie-shaped aperture using the finite difference time domain method to optimize its geometric parameters for specific incident lights.The influence of the parameters on local field enhancement and resonant wavelength in the visible frequency range is numerically analysed.It is found that the major resonance of the spectrum is exponentially depended on the bowtie angle but independent of the whole aperture size.The simulation also demonstrates that increasing the aperture size raises the local field intensity on the exit plane due to an enlarged interaction area between the light and the metal medium.And the near-field spot size is closely related to the gap.Based on these results,the design rules of the bowtie structure can be optimized for specific wavelengths excited.     

Splitting the surface wave in metal/dielectric nanostructures

We investigate a modified surface wave splitter with a double-layer structure, which consists of symmetrical metallic grating and an asymmetrical dielectric, using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation method. The metal/dielectric interface structure at this two-side aperture can support bound waves of different wavelengths, thus guiding waves in opposite directions. The covered dielectric films play an important role in the enhancement and confinement of the diffraction wave by the waveguide modes. The simulation result shows that the optical intensities of the guided surface wave at wavelengths of 760-nm and 1000-nm are about 100 times and 4～5 times those of the weaker side, respectively, which means that the surface wave is split by the proposed device.     

平行光子晶体波导的传输特性及应用

采用时域有限差分法研究两平行光子晶体波导的传输特性及模场分布,利用耦合模理论计算光子晶体波导的耦合系数。计算结果表明,在不同的频率范围内两平行光子晶体波导之间表现出不同的耦合特性:在高频段(0.32~0.44)(ωa/2πc)的范围内两直波导表现出相互的能量交换,实现光耦合,耦合系数随入射波 频率增加而减小;而在低频段(0.29~0.32)(ωa/2πc)的范围内,两波导的传输谱图几乎重合。最后,提出一种采用固定波导耦合长度同时实现光分束及光均分器的方案,当耦合长度取34a时,可将频率为0.333 (ωa/2πc)和 0.357(ωa/2πc)的两入射波分束传播,同时将低频段中的任意频率波进行能量均分。     

栅极电势对强光场下石墨烯场效应管中电子隧穿的影响

利用时域有限差分方法研究了强光场下石墨烯场效应管中栅极电势对电子隧穿的影响. 在强光场下由于光学stark效应,石墨烯场效应管的完美手征透射被抑制.这种抑制除了 可以利用光场来调控外,也可以通过改变栅极电势的宽度、势垒高度等来调控. 研究了非方势垒中电子的隧穿. 研究发现,当电势的倾斜较小时,电子隧穿概率变化不大.而当电势倾斜很大时,电子隧穿概率急剧改变.     

随机性对部分随机介质激光器阈值的影响

基于速率方程和Maxwell方程相结合的模型，采用时域有限差分法(FDTD)研究了介质的随机性和层数对部分随机介质激光器阈值的影响.模拟结果显示，当抽运速率超过阈值时，出现一个或者多个振荡模；随机性或者系统的尺度增加时，振荡模数量也增加；部分随机介质激光器的阈值在一定的随机强度和层数下将达到最小值，它与完全随机情况下的结论有所不同.对所得到的结论给出了物理解释.这些结果对于制作随机激光器和光集成潜在应用价值. 关键词： 激光物理 随机激光器 阈值 时域有限差分法     

光控液晶光子晶体微腔全光开关

设计了一种缺陷模迁移光子晶体微腔全光开关. 两条二维三角晶格空气孔光子晶体波导由一个光子晶体微腔连接, 在微腔的点缺陷中填充掺有少量偶氮聚合物的苯乙炔类液晶. 通过调节控制光的偏振态, 使偶氮聚合物发生顺-反异构化反应, 带动液晶分子重新取向, 从而改变光子晶体微腔的谐振波长, 进而实现光的通过与截止. 运用时域有限差分法和平面波展开法分析 了二维光控液晶光子晶体微腔全光开关的光学特性. 数值计算结果表明: 对于1.55 μ通信波段通过外界偏振光控制所填充的向列相液晶 的折射率可以实现对光波的导通与截止. 分析结果显示, 此开关具有阈值低, 消光比较大, 体积小等优点. 关键词： 二维光子晶体微腔 波导 时域有限差分(FDTD) 液晶     

一种处理Cole-Cole色散媒质的FDTD改进方案

对柯尔-柯尔(Cole-Cole)色散媒质的时域有限差分(FDTD)方案尝试给出改进:(1)保留了Cole-Cole经验公式中的静态电导率项;(2)扩展到三维情形;(3)人体乳房组织的模型参数源于实验测量.数值算例结果初步证实改进方案的可行性和有效性.改进方案适用于模拟更一般柯尔-柯尔色散媒质中的电波传播.     

基于增益媒质的亚波长纳米阵列超传输特性研究

增益媒质因其优良的放大特性和广阔的应用前景吸引了国内外学者的广泛关注,然而,激发增益媒质补偿欧姆损耗需要较强的外部能量,极大地限制了增益媒质的发展前景。本文使用辅助位微分方程的时域有限差分方法研究了麦克斯韦方程与半经典的电子速率方程相耦合的自洽仿真过程,并基于四能级原子系统描述的增益媒质和异常光传输现象间的耦合机制,提出了一种新颖的含亚波长周期裂缝的增益/金属/增益纳米阵列结构。研究结果表明,本文提出的纳米结构可以使用较低外部能量实现完全补偿欧姆损耗的目的。该结果对深入了解纳米结构和增益媒质之间的相互作用有着重要的意义。     

A numerical simulation of surface wave excitation in a rectangular planar-type plasma source

The principle of surface wave plasma discharge in a rectangular cavity is introduced simply based on surface plasmon polariton theory. The distribution of surface-wave electric field at the interface of the plasma-dielectric slab is investigated by using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method (3D-FDTD) with different slot-antenna structures. And the experimental image of discharge with a novel slot antenna array and the simulation of the electric field with this slot antenna array are both displayed. Combined with the distribution of surface wave excitation and experimental results, the numerical simulation performed by using 3D-FDTD is shown to be a useful tool in the computer-aided antenna design for large area planar-type surface-wave plasma sources.     

SAR EVALUATION IN THE 0.25 MM HUMAN EYE MODEL EXPOSED TO 30 GHz MILLIMETER WAVE

We have evaluated the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the eye induced by the perpendicular incidence of 30 GHz uniform plane millimeter wave (MMW). An anatomically based 0.25 mm voxel model of the eye with 10 types of tissue is constructed. Debye’s dispersion equation is used to derive the dielectric properties of the eye tissues and biological materials in the neighboring region. The three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm and the perfectly matched layer (PML) absorbing boundary conditions are used in the numerical simulation. The FDTD code is validated against the Mie theory. The SAR deposition in the eye is calculated and displayed, with the analysis on the SAR distribution characteristics. The average SAR values in the cornea, the lens cortex, the lens nucleus, the humor, and the whole eye are statistically derived and examined against present irradiation safety standard.     

Silica glass bend waveguide assisted by two-dimensional photonic crystals

In this paper we report on the modeling of low index contrast silica glass 90° bend ridge waveguides assisted by a two-dimensional photonic crystal. A three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) based computer code has been used in order to evaluate the transmission characteristics and the in-plane losses of the investigated waveguides having different values of the bend radius. The performance of the bend structure surrounded by two-dimensional photonic crystals is compared to that of a classical bend ridge waveguide and the phenomenon of light confinement is critically analyzed. The device design is optimized for quasi-TM polarization at the wavelength of 1.3 μm.     

分析水下目标的大比例变换总场散射场源FDTD方法

为解决探测水下目标的电磁散射问题,提出大比例变换的总场-散射场源时域有限差分（FDTD）方法.该方法包含两次FDTD计算：第一次计算采用细网格得到激励源周围的近场值;第二次计算采用粗网格得到远距离的电磁场值.两次FDTD计算通过总场-散射场边界建立联系.实现细粗网格的大比例变换,例如变换比例N=10,大大节省了计算时间,降低了计算内存的消耗,提高了计算效率.通过算例验证该方法的正确性和有效性.最后,计算水下岩层中存在异常体时的电磁响应,指出当岩层中异常体电导率不同时,接收点处电磁场的幅值和相位均不相同.     

掺杂硅石纳米粉末的染料随机激光发射

针对染料随机激光器特性与应用研究,讨论了无序介质中荧光粒子和额外散射粒子的发光性质、浓度变化以及颗粒尺寸与随机激光发射阈值之间的关系。采用时域有限差分法直接求解Maxwell方程组及速率方程组的方法,模拟仿真出了相应的发射谱线及浓度变化与激光发射阈值的关系曲线。所设计的样品中Rh6G-SiO2的质量分数为4%,其阈值大小为8.5 J/pulse时,额外微小散射体TiO2的加入对该介质随机激光发射产生的影响很小,可忽略不计。在此基础上,通过进一步模拟分析了处于不同条件和背景下随机激光的阈值特性。     

Investigation of Infrared Photonic Crystal Slab with Defect Waveguides

This paper deals with the two dimensional (2-D) infrared photonic crystal slab with an air-bridge structure featuring defect waveguides in which the optical propagation properties were obtained by measurements of transmission spectra. 3-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations have revealed the appearance of four defect propagation modes for the band structure and transmission spectra in the air-bridge slab. These defect modes were experimentally identified in the measured transmission spectra.