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坑道内化爆冲击波的传播规律 总被引:40,自引:2,他引:40
装药在坑道内部爆炸时将产生沿坑道传播的空气冲击波,由于受到坑道洞壁的限制,空气冲击波在坑道内的传播规律异于在自由大气中的传播。利用三维数值模拟计算程序,对长坑道中的化爆流场进行了数值计算,归纳出空气冲击波沿坑道方向的传播规律。计算结果与试验结果符合较好。 相似文献
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利用非线性动力分析软件LS-DYNA,对炸药在坑道入口处爆炸情况下,爆炸流场在长直坑道、"L"形坑道、"S"形坑道内的变化过程进行了数值仿真,得到了爆炸冲击波在不同形状坑道中的传播规律。研究结果表明:带弯道设计的坑道可以有效地削弱冲击波强度,提高坑道的抗破坏能力;弯道外侧峰值压力比同位置长直坑道中的峰值压力大,因此在进行带弯道的坑道设计时,应相应地加强弯道外侧坑道壁的强度。该方法适合于解决爆炸冲击波在复杂弯曲坑道内传播的问题,为今后的坑道防护设计提供了参考和依据。 相似文献
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温压炸药在坑道内爆炸时会产生多种毁伤元,对坑道内人员和设备造成严重威胁。基于不同药量的温压炸药爆炸试验,对坑道内爆炸条件下温压炸药的爆炸特性开展了研究,分析了爆炸热效应演化特征、冲击波传播规律和氧浓度降低情况,讨论了坑道对铝粉后燃的约束作用规律以及形成高烈度后燃效应的药量条件。研究表明:温压炸药火球辐射亮度高于TNT,且其火球温度峰值超过TNT温度峰值的1.3倍。在火球演化过程中,火球在后燃阶段的温度峰值较火球形态刚稳定时提升超过10%。在冲击波传播规律方面,超压峰值与正压时间的TNT当量系数分别约为1.4与1.65。另外,铝粉后燃产生的压缩波对冲击波能够形成多种补充效果,陡峭升压的压缩波能够使冲击波峰值升高,持续时间长但升压速率慢的压缩波能够限制冲击波的衰减,延长整体正压作用时间。受坑道约束作用,温压炸药爆炸火球将与坑道壁面发生相互作用,进而提高铝粉的燃烧烈度。当温压炸药质量立方根与坑道直径的比值大于0.28 kg1/3/m时,将产生高烈度后燃效应。 相似文献
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为可靠开展抗爆结构设计与评估,基于理论计算与数值分析对直坑道内爆炸冲击波荷载的计算问题进行了研究。定量对比分析了现有不同方法计算结果的差异,基于结构响应对不同方法进行了评价,并结合模型实验对近距离爆炸情况下直坑道内防护门上的设计荷载取值问题进行了研究。结果表明,在进行荷载简化时有必要考虑荷载形式与结构响应的耦合,而现有坑道内爆炸冲击波荷载的简化计算方法普遍没有考虑结构动态特性影响,且相互之间存在很大差异,严重影响设计或评估工作的可靠性;近距离爆炸情况下,取门中线上距门边1/4宽度处的压力或门上平均压力作为坑道内防护门上的设计荷载,在比较宽的结构频率范围内是合理的。研究结果可为坑道内结构的防护设计提供参考。
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为有效表征不同海拔坑道内爆炸冲击波的传播特征,利用非线性显式动力学有限元软件AUTODYN,研究了海拔高度对长直坑道内爆炸冲击波传播的影响规律,探讨了高海拔环境对坑道内冲击波传播的影响,基于量纲分析,建立了适用于不同海拔高度典型坑道内冲击波峰值超压的计算模型,并通过数值计算进行了验证。结果表明:随着海拔高度升高,坑道内爆炸冲击波波阵面传播速度与径向的冲击波参数偏差增大,平面波形成距离增加,冲击波峰值超压降低;在0~4 000 m范围内,海拔高度每升高1 000 m,冲击波冲量降低约0.91%。结合Sachs无量纲修正方法和量纲分析,推导出不同海拔高度冲击波峰值超压的理论分析模型,模型计算结果与数值计算结果的相对偏差不大于10%,能够为高海拔环境下坑道内爆炸冲击波的传播提供理论依据。 相似文献
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温压炸药坑道内爆炸冲击波的数值模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于二次反应理论,采用AUTODYN程序对温压炸药(RDX/AP/AL/粘合剂=20/43/25/12,质量比)坑道内爆炸冲击波进行了数值模拟研究。将温压炸药与传统炸药TNT的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明:①在爆炸近区,温压炸药比TNT的爆炸冲击波超压峰值低。但在爆炸远区,温压炸药的爆炸冲击波超压峰值则逐渐超过了TNT,最高达到了TNT的1.48倍;温压炸药爆炸冲击波的冲量峰值始终高于TNT,约为TNT的1.33~1.43倍。②最小二乘拟合得到了温压炸药坑道内爆炸冲击波超压峰值随距离衰减的计算公式,具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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爆炸复合板边界效应研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
认为引起边界效应的主要因素不仅有炸药和基、复板边界稀疏的影响,而且尚受复板反弹拉伸的作用。设计了不等面积复合板爆炸焊接工艺,超声探伤结果表明,复合板的边界效应极小,满足工程需要。 相似文献
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Performance of a detonation driven shock tunnel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A detonation driven shock tunnel is useful as a ground test facility for hypersonic flow research. By attaching a convergent section ahead of the primary diaphragm in the driver section, the downstream operation mode became available to generate a high-enthalpy test flow. A 100 mm diameter shock tunnel was for the first time installed in the Laboratory of High-Temperature-Gas Dynamics (LHD), Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and after its continuous refitments, a high performance detonation driven shock tunnel was achieved to generate high-enthalpy and high-Reynolds number test flows. A new method to burst a metal diaphragm with the downstream operation mode is discussed.Received: 13 December 2003, Accepted: 26 August 2004, Published online: 26 November 2004[/PUBLISHED]W. Zhao: Correspondence to 相似文献
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Saito T. Marumoto M. Yamashita H. Hosseini S.H.R. Nakagawa A. Hirano T. Takayama K. 《Shock Waves》2003,13(2):139-148
The attenuation of an underwater shock wave by a thin porous layer is studied both experimentally and numerically. The shock waves are generated by exploding 10 mg silver azide pellets and the pressures at different distances from the explosion center are measured. Measurements are also carried out with a gauze layer placed between the explosion source and the pressure gauge. The results with and without the gauze layer are compared evaluating the shock wave attenuation. Numerical simulations of the phenomenon are also carried out for a simple wave attenuation model. The results are compared with the experimental data. Despite the simple mathematical model of wave attenuation, the agreement between the experimental and numerical results is reasonable.Received: 22 October 2002, Accepted: 17 June 2003, Published online: 5 August 2003PACS:
47.11.+j, 47.40.Nm, 47.55.Mh 相似文献
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The criterion of the existence or inexistence of transverse shock wave at wedge supported oblique detonation wave 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A simplified theoretic method and numerical simulations were carried out to investigate the characterization of propagation of transverse shock wave at wedge supported oblique detonation wave.After solution validation,a criterion which is associated with the ratio Φ (u 2 /u CJ) of existence or inexistence of the transverse shock wave at the region of the primary triple was deduced systematically by 38 cases.It is observed that for abrupt oblique shock wave (OSW)/oblique detonation wave (ODW) transition,a transverse shock wave is generated at the region of the primary triple when Φ < 1,however,such a transverse shock wave does not take place for the smooth OSW/ODW transition when Φ > 1.The parameter Φ can be expressed as the Mach number behind the ODW front for stable CJ detonation.When 0.9 < Φ < 1.0,the reflected shock wave can pass across the contact discontinuity and interact with transverse waves which are originating from the ODW front.When 0.8 < Φ < 0.9,the reflected shock wave can not pass across the contact discontinuity and only reflects at the contact discontinuity.The condition (0.8 < Φ < 0.9) agrees well with the ratio (D ave /D CJ) in the critical detonation. 相似文献
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实验采用压力传感器测量了指定点压力时间曲线。数值模拟基于二维反应欧拉方程和基元反应模型,采用二阶附加半隐的龙格-库塔法和5阶WENO格式分别离散时间和空间导数项,获得了指定点数值压力时间曲线。理论分析基于爆轰理论和激波动力学,分析了气相爆轰波反射过程所涉及的复杂波系演变并获得了反射激波速度。结果表明:本文数值模拟和理论计算定性上重复并解释了实验现象。气相爆轰波在右壁面反射后,右行稀疏波加速反射激波。其加速原因是:尽管激波波前声速减小,但激波马赫数增大,波前气流速度减小。在低初压下,可能还由于爆轰波后未反应或部分反应气体的作用,导致反射激波加速幅度比高初压下大。 相似文献
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Early works on the detonation driven shock tube are reviewed briefly. High initial pressure detonable mixture can be used in backward-detonation driver when the buffer tube is attached to the end of the driver for eliminating the excessive reflected peak pressure. Experimental data showed that an improvement on attenuation of the incident shock wave generated by the forward driver can be obtained, provided the diameter of the driver is larger than that of the driven section and an abrupt reduction of cross-section area is placed just beyond the diaphragm. Also, it is clearly verified by a numerical analysis. An additional backward-detonation driver is proposed to attach to the primary detonation driver and on condition that the ratios of initial pressure in the additional driver to that in the primary driver exceed the threshold value, the Taylor wave behind detonation wave in the primary detonation driver can be eliminated completely. 相似文献
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爆轰波碰撞的聚能效应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用两高爆速导爆索对称布置于药卷两侧,起爆后炸药爆轰波在对称线处汇聚碰撞,当碰撞角度达到一定值时,发生马赫反射,使爆轰压力成倍增加,形成高压、高能量密度区域的聚能效应。本文在爆轰波传播碰撞理论的基础上,通过炸药做功能力和猛度试验验证爆轰波碰撞的聚能效果。做功能力试验结果表明爆轰波碰撞能够增加炸药能量利用率;猛度试验结果表明采用对称起爆技术下的爆轰波碰撞能够改变爆轰波在特定方向上的扩散作用。试验结果与爆轰波入射角的几何关系表明,当高爆速起爆药条与主装药爆速比例在1.15倍以上时,爆轰波碰撞能够达到一定的聚能效果。 相似文献