ISAR中运动补偿问题的研究

运动补偿是提高ISAR分辨率的关键技术.本文从距离-多普勒成像原理出发,对几种典型运动误差的补偿问题作了有益的探讨,并给出了相应的光学补偿方案和实验室处理系统,获得了较好的实验结果.同时,讨论了一般运动误差的补偿方案及实时处理的可行性.     

Cutting-Edge Technologies on Broadband and Scalable Photonic-Network—Packet switched networks based on all-optical label processing—

Ultra-high speed all-optical label processing methods are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. These methods dramatically increase the label processing capability. Optical packet switch (OPS) systems and networks based on OPS nodes are expressed as an application of optical processing technologies. First, the 40 Gbit/s/port OPS prototype with all-optical label processor, optical switch, optical buffer, and electronic scheduler is described. The feasibility of OPS networks is verified by experimental demonstrations.     

Femtosecond pulse processing

We discuss Fourier methods for shaping and processing femtosecond optical signals. Examples of applications in optical communications and in generation of terahertz radiation are presented.     

Interferometric methods for suppressing additive noise

Interferometric methods for signal processing, which make it possible to obtain a better noise protection of information laser and optoelectronic systems during detection and processing of optical fields under conditions for external additive noise, are proposed based on the results of analysis of the specific features of field formation in passive and active optical interferometers. The possibility of reducing the effect of external factors on the efficiency of additive-noise suppression by supplementing an interferometer with a stimulated-Brillouin-scattering fiber mirror is investigated. The technical feasibility of the methods proposed is shown and their efficiency is experimentally confirmed.     

Photonic Packet Switching Based on Optical Label Processing

We express a photonic packet switch prototype based on optical label processing methods which dramatically increase the label processing capability. We experimentally demonstrate 40Gbit/s/port packet switching and optical buffering capabilities of the prototype.     

Alternating approach of implementing frequency encoded all-optical logic gates and flip-flop using semiconductor optical amplifier

In conduction of parallel logic, arithmetic and algebraic operations, optics has already proved its successful role. Since last few decades a number of established methods on optical data processing were proposed and to implement such processors different data encoding/decoding techniques have also been reported. Currently frequency encoding technique is found be a promising as well as a faithful mechanism for the conversion of all-optical processing as the frequency of light remains unaltered after refection, refraction, absorption, etc. during the transmission of light. There are already proposed some frequency encoded optical logic gates. In this communication the authors propose a new and different concept of frequency encoded optical logic gates and optical flip-flop using the non-linear function of semiconductor optical amplifier.     

微型自适应光学系统闭环控制算法

以微型自适应光学系统的波前重构算法和信号处理系统为基础 ,给出了相应的微型自适应光学系统的闭环控制算法 ,实验结果说明所得结果是合理可行的     

等离子体光学加工关键技术研究现状

等离子体加工技术是近年来发展起来的先进光学制造技术,具有快速缓解或去除传统光学加工方法导致的表面/亚表面损伤,以及高效、高精度和高分辨率修整光学面形的优势。从等离子体光学加工基本原理出发,基于等离子体激发频率与特征对发生器进行了简要叙述;进一步对各研究机构在等离子体加工技术涉及的射流特性、界面物化反应、损伤去除机理、去除函数、加工热效应和工艺定位等关键技术研究内容及成果进行分析,并对等离子体的新型光学加工技术进行介绍。随着研究的不断深入,构建多物理场和化学反应综合作用下的等离子体加工模型,揭示表面等离子体特性分布与去除函数的内在联系,从而建立准确的去除函数模型,是提高修形精度的发展方向,研究热效应控制方法和补偿策略在降低由热效应带来的修形误差方面起到了重要作用。     

干涉条纹的处理方法研究

论述了干涉图的图像处理方法,提出了干涉图反高斯变换的光强平均分布处理,保证了干涉图信号的完整性,同时将基于视觉零交叉理论的边缘检测方法应用于干涉条纹的边缘检测中,精确地检测了干涉条纹的边缘,减小了上干涉条纹提取相位差的误差,并与常用的二值化方法进行比较,最后给出了一个有效的干涉条纹细化方法,并与其它处理方法进行了比较 。     

Optical lattices,ultracold atoms and quantum information processing

We review novel methods for the investigation, control and manipulation of neutral atoms in optical lattices. These setups allow unprecedented quantum control over large numbers of atoms and thus are very promising for applications in quantum information processing. After introducing optical lattices we discuss the superfluid (SF) and Mott insulating (MI) states of neutral atoms trapped in such lattices and investigate the SF-MI transition as observed experimentally recently. In the second part of the paper we give an overview of proposals for quantum information processing and show different ways to entangle the trapped atoms, in particular the usage of cold collisions and Rydberg atoms. Finally, we discuss briefly the implementation of quantum simulators, entanglement enhanced atom interferometers, and ideas for robust quantum memory in optical lattices.     

When optical microscopy meets all-optical analog computing: A brief review

As a revolutionary observation tool in life science, biomedical, and material science, optical microscopy allows imaging of samples with high spatial resolution and a wide field of view. However, conventional microscopy methods are limited to single imaging and cannot accomplish real-time image processing. The edge detection, image enhancement and phase visualization schemes have attracted great interest with the rapid development of optical analog computing. The two main physical mechanisms that enable optical analog computing originate from two geometric phases: the spin-redirection Rytov-Vlasimirskii-Berry (RVB) phase and the Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase. Here, we review the basic principles and recent research progress of the RVB phase and PB phase based optical differentiators. Then we focus on the innovative and emerging applications of optical analog computing in microscopic imaging. Optical analog computing is accelerating the transformation of information processing from classical imaging to quantum techniques. Its intersection with optical microscopy opens opportunities for the development of versatile and compact optical microscopy systems.     

基于光的反射与折射定律的表述方法推导及应用

光的反射和光的折射是几何光学应用中最基本的方法。在现代精密光学元件加工过程中,其不同的表述方法可以为光线追迹、棱镜误差分析以及棱镜装调提供不同的解决思路。介绍了光的反射定律和折射定律的传统形式表述方法,并推导了光的反射定律和折射定律的矢量、矩阵及四元数3种表述方法。通过Matlab辅助下的模拟计算,得到施密特棱镜检验光路中2个不同区域入射光线的反射在水平方向上对称分布于前表面反射像两侧,与实际应用相符,实现了矢量、矩阵和四元数表述方法在施密特棱镜检验光路中的应用。3种表述方法可以为光线追迹、棱镜误差分析以及棱镜装调提供科学、实用的解决方法。     

Optical time-domain analog pattern correlator for high-speed real-time image recognition

The speed of image processing is limited by image acquisition circuitry. While optical pattern recognition techniques can reduce the computational burden on digital image processing, their image correlation rates are typically low due to the use of spatial optical elements. Here we report a method that overcomes this limitation and enables fast real-time analog image recognition at a record correlation rate of 36.7 MHz--1000 times higher rates than conventional methods. This technique seamlessly performs image acquisition, correlation, and signal integration all optically in the time domain before analog-to-digital conversion by virtue of optical space-to-time mapping.     

基于PDMS的光纤端面微纳结构转移法

微纳光纤传感器将微纳加工与光纤传感技术有机结合,具有重大的科研意义和产业化潜力。现有加工方法无法达到任意复杂三维结构可制备化,从而限制了微纳光纤传感器的发展。介绍了一种新型微纳加工方法,该方法在聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）薄膜上实现微纳结构的制备,之后将薄膜连同微纳结构一同转移到光纤端面,在光纤端面实现人为定义三维立体微纳结构。通过在扫描电镜下对制备的样品进行检测,确认PDMS薄膜及其上三维结构可被无损转移至光纤端面。该方法具有易制备、低成本且可加工三维微纳结构的特点。     

The use of feedback in optical information processing

The use of feedback techniques in optical information processing systems is growing rapidly. This review describes methods by which feedback has been produced, and discusses their applications to processing problems. The methods are classified according to the coherence length of the light source used, ranging from long (single axial mode lasers) through medium (multimode lasers) to short (incoherent light sources). Particular attention is paid to their potential for complex feedback, and for nonlinear and space-variant processing. The temporal characteristics of the systems and the means by which gain can be introduced into the feedback loop are considered. A current bibliography is given.     

A hybrid optical-digital processor for image deblurring

A hybrid optical-digital image processing system is developed for deblurring out-of-focus pictures. The optical part is a dual-channel non-coherent processor which implements the Wiener filter for deblurring through appropriate pupil functions. The methods of implementing the bipolar PSF in a non-coherent processor are described, as are the methods of determining the pupil functions from the given PSFs. The digital part of the processor subtracts or demodulates the outputs from the dual-channel optical processor to give the final deblurred picture. The pupil functions are experimentally realized and the deblurred outputs are presented.     

光学微透镜阵列模压成形研究进展与展望

光学微透镜阵列在光学系统中的应用广泛,需求量大,而玻璃模压成形技术是最高效的微透镜阵列量产加工方法,具有精度高,一致性好,生产成本低等特点,有重要的应用研究价值。本文介绍了光学微透镜阵列的设计原理,模具制造技术,模压成形技术及相应检测技术;重点介绍了微透镜阵列模压成形试验与有限元仿真研究的最新进展;最后对微透镜模压成形发展前景进行了展望,包括微透镜阵列模压材料,模具表面镀层技术及超声复合加工技术在微透镜阵列模压成形中的应用等。     

Moiré methods in interferometry

The applications of moiré methods to optical interferometry are reviewed. They are used for instrumental error subtraction, reduction of spatial frequency of interferogram fringes, increase of sensitivity and the range of applications of interferometric methods, and various information processing operations. The cases of the reference beam and shear type interferometry are treated separately.     

光束整形系统异形元件的研制

为了实现非球柱面镜的高精度加工,解决这一领域面临的难题,对非球柱面镜的加工和检测方法进行了深入的研究。采用古典与现代制造技术相结合的方法,研制了用于光束整形的异形元件,该异形元件是由非球柱面镜和柱面镜组成。针对非球柱面镜面型难以控制的问题,给出了独特的抛光模设计。结果表明：经过轮廓仪检测面型精度为0.848 7 μm,达到了图纸精度,满足了光学元件的使用要求。     

Laser optical method of visualizing cutaneous blood vessels and its applications in biometry and photomedicine

We propose and examine a new approach to visualizing a local network of cutaneous blood vessels using laser optical methods for applications in biometry and photomedicine. Various optical schemes of the formation of biometrical information on the architecture of blood vessels of skin tissue are analyzed. We developed an optical model of the interaction of the laser radiation with the biological tissue and a mathematical algorithm of processing of measurement results. We show that, in medicine, the visualization of blood vessels makes it possible to calculate and determine regions of disturbance of blood microcirculation and to control tissue hypoxia, as well as to maintain the local concentration of oxygen at a level necessary for the normal cellular metabolism. We propose noninvasive optical methods for modern photomedicine and biometry for diagnostics and elimination of tissue hypoxia and for personality identification and verification via the pattern of cutaneous blood vessels.