Experimental detection of the near-field effect upon Brewster light reflection by a plane surface of a semi-infinite dielectric

Based on the near-field effect in the transition layer, a theoretical interpretation is given of experiments on Brewster light reflection from surfaces of certain liquids. The analysis is performed within the framework of the concept of a discrete-continuous dielectric, with allowance made for the fields of atomic dipoles discretely distributed inside the Lorentz sphere surrounding the point of observation.     

Acoustic field imaging by light reflection at the free surface of a liquid

In this paper we present a novel technique for acoustic field imaging. This technique is based on reflection of a collimated laser beam at the free surface of a liquid. The reflected beam becomes phase modulated by the acoustic wave as in acoustical holographic systems. We do not use a reference acoustical beam for holographic reconstruction but we observe this phase modulation using dark-field techniques. It gives a measurement of the acoustic field power as a function of the position. The authors have built an optical imaging system and carried out experiments with piezocomposite transducers. The technique presented in this work is able to give fast quantitative information about the performance of individual ceramic rods of the piezocomposite.     

Stimulated light scattering by a fluid surface in the presence of total fresnel reflection

Stimulated scattering of light by a free fluid surface in the case of total Fresnel reflection was considered. For scattering directions which are close to the direction of specular reflection of the ray, simple analytic expressions are derived for the threshold intensity and the spectrum of the scattered radiation.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 233–241, February, 1972.     

Effect of surface on phase modulation of light in a nematic layer

The nanorelief of orienting surfaces in a nematic layer is studied experimentally. The initial inclination angle of the director and the phase retardation of light in the crystal are determined, and the director reorientation dynamics in the crystal under SB deformation in an electric field is analyzed. It is shown that a thin layer of amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C: H) deposited on a GeO monoxide layer with an anisotropic nanorelief produced by the inclined deposition method smoothens the surface topography without changing the surface structure. Modification of the structure and physicochemical properties of the GeO surface alters the conditions of the anisotropic-elastic interaction at the interface with the liquid crystal, as evidenced by an increase in the S-effect threshold and a decrease in the initial inclination of the director from 22° (on the GeO surface) to 0–6°. Strong influence of the surface nanostructure on the dynamics of the director reorientation in the electric field and on the phase modulation of light is experimentally demonstrated. It is shown that the phase retardation of light in the GeO layer covered by an a-C: H film is twice as large as in the layer of the same thickness with a virgin surface.     

Amplification of entangled light upon reflection from a cavity with nonlinear medium

The kinetic equation for the case of reflection of a broadband entangled light of a nondegenerate parametric source from a cavity is derived with the use of the technique of stochastic differential Ito equations. Statistical properties of the light reflected from a cavity with a nonlinear transparent medium, in which the process of special parametric interaction occurs, are considered on the basis of the obtained equation. Due to the integrals of motion, the entangled light, which is an EPR pair of continuous variables, can be amplified without destruction of the quantum correlation.     

Controlling the intensity and fluctuations of light upon its selective reflection

Selective reflection of a semiconductor laser beam by a resonant gas is studied. The experiments were performed under conditions where the laser frequency is determined by the laser cavity mode structure. In this case, characteristic steps—intensity quasi-levels—arise on the reflectivity resonances. It is shown that the height of the quasi-levels depends on the degree of saturation of the resonance reflection by the laser field. Low-noise reflectivity regimes with different sensitivities to external signals are found on these quasi-levels.     

Transformation and shift of a Gaussian light beam upon reflection from a resonant medium

The specific features of the transformation and shift of a Gaussian beam reflected from a resonant absorbing medium are analyzed numerically. The study is based on the expansion of the field of the incident Gaussian beam into plane-wave components by using the Fourier integral transform. The calculations are performed for a frequency range covering the resonance region. The conditions for the splitting of the profile of the reflected beam and for its negative shift are established.     

Method of optical near-field microscopy of foreign atoms on the surface of nonabsorbing dielectrics upon Brewster reflection of light

It is shown that, by means of measuring the frequency dependence of the ellipticity of light reflected at the Brewster angle from the plane surface of a nonabsorbing dielectric, one can reveal on it nanostructural objects consisting of foreign atoms or molecules. They manifest themselves by the presence of size resonances, arising in these structures in a field of optical radiation because of the dipole-dipole interaction of the atoms (molecules). A theoretical justification of the experimental technique that takes into account the presence of a transition layer on the surface of the dielectric is proposed.     

Antiproton reflection by a solid surface

The AE?IS experiment (Antimatter Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy (Drobychev et al., 2007)), aims at directly measuring the gravitational acceleration g on a beam of cold antihydrogen ( $\overline{\rm H}$ ). After production, the $\overline{\rm H}$ atoms will be driven to fly horizontally with a velocity of a few 100 m/s for a path length of about 1 meter. The small deflection, few tens of μm, will be measured using two material gratings coupled to a position-sensitive detector working as a Moiré deflectometer similarly to what has been done with atoms (Oberthaler et al., Phys Rev A 54:3165, 1996). Details about the detection of the $\overline{\rm H}$ annihilation point at the end of the flight path with a position-sensitive microstrip detector and a silicon tracker system will be discussed.     

A microscopic theory of a quasi-crystalline transition layer on the surface of semi-infinite liquid dielectrics upon brewster light reflection and the near-field effect

An adequate theoretical interpretation of experiments on Brewster light reflection from the surfaces of liquids is given on the basis of the near-field effect in the transition layer. The analysis is carried out in terms of the model of a discrete-continuous dielectric, which takes into account the fields of atomic (molecular) dipoles discretely distributed inside the Lorentz sphere surrounding the point of observation. The liquids under consideration that have anisotropic molecules are characterized by a diagonal polarizability tensor within the transition layer and by scalar polarizability in the bulk of the liquid. It is shown that agreement between theoretical and experimental values of the ellipticity of reflected light is obtained due to a random change within a finite interval of the angle of orientation of molecules in the lattice sites in the transition layer. This makes it possible to conclude that the transition layer in the liquids under consideration is quasi-crystalline.     

Influence of rotation on the surface diffuseness of light nuclei

The surface diffuseness b of ²⁴Mg obtained in cranked Hartree-Fock as well as in cranked shell-model calculations is analyzed. It is shown that b becomes anisotropic and increases with spin I. The effects of this increase on the moment of inertia are analyzed.     

光在单轴晶体内表面上的反射

基于电磁波边界条件，从几何光学的角度，对单轴日 体内表面上光的反射规律进行了分析和讨论，给出了寻常光和非常光波法线和光线反射的公式，同时指出了上述结果与由费马原理导出的结果是一致的。     

The parametric Doppler effect upon reflection of light from a moving smooth inhomogeneity of a medium

The reflection of probe radiation from a smooth inhomogeneity of characteristics of a medium that propagates with a relativistic velocity is analyzed. Equations that describe the propagation of forward and backward waves in an inhomogeneous medium are derived, conditions of occurrence of a Bragg resonance are formulated, and conditions for increasing the coefficient of reflection from the inhomogeneity are discussed.     

Study of reflection of light by a moving mirror

The law of reflection of light by a moving mirror in the case of special Lorentz transformation is well known. We have derived the law of reflection of light by a moving mirror in the case of the most general Lorentz transformation. It has been observed that in the case of special Lorentz transformation, the law of reflection of light by a moving mirror is very simple but in the case of the most general Lorentz transformation, the law of reflection of light by a moving mirror is very complex.