顶空-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定土壤中6种有机胺的含量北大核心CSCD

提出了顶空-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中甲胺、乙胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、三甲胺、三乙胺等6种有机胺含量的方法。土壤样品在顶空瓶中经盐酸溶液提取,加入一定量的氢氧化钠溶液、氨水,然后在顶空进样器中于80℃平衡30 min,使气液两相达到动态平衡。采用CP-Volamine色谱柱对目标物进行分离,质谱仪检测,外标法定量。结果显示:6种有机胺的质量浓度在一定范围内与其对应峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3.143s)为0.00033~0.18 mg·kg^(-1);混合标准溶液中6种有机胺测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.3%~4.7%;对空白样品进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为80.0%~108%;方法用于5种不同类型实际土壤样品分析,两种土壤样品中检出三乙胺,检出量为11.3,391 mg·kg^(-1)。     

分类消解-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定环境土壤中15种金属元素的含量

测定土壤中铍、锌、钼、铊、钛、锑等6种元素以硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸混合酸为消解体系,采用全自动消解法进行消解;测定土壤中钒、锰、钴、镍、铜、镉、钡、铅、铬等9种元素以硝酸-氢氟酸-盐酸混合酸为消解体系,采用微波消解法进行消解。以氩为内标元素校正土壤基体的雾化效率及电离效率。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)采用多向观测模式,结合多重谱线拟合技术(MSF)校正光谱干扰,测定环境土壤中上述15种元素的含量,检出限为0.1~3.7 mg·kg~(-1)。按上述方法测定标准样品GSS~(-1)0和GSS~(-1)3,各元素的测定值与认定值吻合,相对标准偏差(n=11)为0.15%~2.6%。以吉林市某河岸土壤为实际测定样品,各元素的测定值与电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)的测定值一致,相对标准偏差(n=11)为1.6%~4.5%。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定水产品中19种氯代酚及其钠盐

建立了用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用法测定水产品中19种氯代酚及其钠盐的分析方法。试样用H_2SO_4消解后,用环己烷-乙酸乙酯提取酸解液中的氯代酚,利用酚类易溶于稀碱溶液的性质,将氯代酚提取到稀碱液中,调稀碱液pH至微酸性,用二氯甲烷-正己烷溶液萃取,无水Na_2SO_4脱水,浓缩定容并硅烷化衍生后,用GC-MS仪EI源选择离子模式检测,氘代4-氯-3-甲基酚(PCMC-d_2)和氘代2,4,6-三溴苯酚(2,4,6-TBP-d_2)为内标,内标法定量。氯代酚在2.0~70.0μg/L范围内,其浓度和峰面积呈良好的线性相关(r≥0.999);水产品中添加量为1.00μg/kg、2.00μg/kg、3.00μg/kg和7.00μg/kg时,回收率一氯酚(MCP)为55.2%~88.8%,二氯酚(DCP)为63.0%~114%,三氯酚(TCP)为76.0%~116%、四氯酚(TeCP)为78%~125%,五氯酚(PCP)为83.2%~104%;方法检出限在0.2~0.4μg/kg之间。     

类Fenton试剂-罗丹明B-HCl体系动力学荧光法测定环境水样中 2,4-二氯酚

在酸性介质中,痕量2,4-二氯酚对类Fenton试剂与罗丹明B的反应具有明显阻抑作用,且其阻抑作用大小与2,4-二氯酚的浓度有关。据此建立了一种动力学荧光法测定痕量2,4-二氯酚的新方法。考察了各种因素对测定方法灵敏度的影响。在最佳条件下,方法的线性范围为0.04~0.8μg/mL,检出限为0.012μg/mL。将该方法用于7种环境水样和6种合成样品中2,4-二氯酚的测定,加标回收率为93.5%~108.0%,相对误差为-5.45%~4.60%。     

土壤中多种有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量的气相色谱-质谱法测定

建立了气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中12种有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药残留分析方法。以丙酮-石油醚(4∶1,V/V)为提取剂,采用超声波提取土壤中农药残留,经弗罗里土层析柱净化,气相色谱-质谱(选择离子模式)法同时测定了土壤中多种有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类农药。该法对0.1μg/mL和0.5μg/mL两个浓度添加水平的回收率分别为70.1%~119.0%和78.1%~119.1%,相对标准偏差分别为6.30%~9.80%和5.20%~8.23%。     

两亲性聚离子液体膜微萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水中5种氯酚

采用两亲性聚离子液体膜微萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水中5种氯酚的含量。以Shim-pack XR-ODS Ⅱ色谱柱为分离柱,以不同体积比的0.005mol·L~(-1)乙酸铵溶液和甲醇-乙腈(1+4)溶液的混合液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾负离子源多反应监测模式检测。方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.33~5.4ng·L~(-1)。加标回收率为86.4%~99.1%,测定值的日内相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.80%~8.2%,日间相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.7%~8.7%。     

改进的五氟苄基溴衍生化反应测定水中酚类化合物

建立了气相色谱-质谱法测定水中6种酚类化合物(2,6-二氯酚、2,4-二氯酚、2,4,6-三氯酚、2,4,5-三氯酚、2,3,4,6-四氯酚和五氯酚)的方法。样品经二氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯混合溶剂萃取后,用旋转蒸发浓缩至1 mL,加入五氟苄基溴进行改进版衍生化反应,产物用DB-5 mS毛细管柱分离,采用选择离子监测模式测定。酚类化合物的检出限在0.05~0.13μg/L之间。目标物在0.05~1 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R²为0.9972~0.9983。以地下水水样为基体,加入3个浓度水平的标准溶液进行加标回收实验,加标回收率在60.4%~109.6%,相对标准偏差在0.1%~12%之间。     

长江沿岸某化工园区土壤、底泥中酚类化合物的污染现状

建立了同时测定土壤（底泥）样品中12种酚类化合物的检测方法。采用加速溶剂萃取（ASE）与凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）协同净化进行前处理,气相色谱和质谱联用技术（GC-MS）进行定性定量分析。方法检出限为0.410~13.1 μg/kg（干重）,回收率在70.7%~122%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.2%~16%。基于上述分析方法研究了长江沿岸某化工园区土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类化合物的污染水平。17个土壤样品和7个底泥样品中除对苯二酚外的11种酚类化合物均有检出。土壤和底泥中酚类污染物总含量范围分别为10.16~30.66 mg/kg和18.00~29.83 mg/kg,平均含量分别为18.26 mg/kg和22.51 mg/kg。土壤和底泥中最主要的酚类污染物为4-硝基苯酚和4-氯-3-甲酚,其次为邻氯对苯二酚、4,6-二硝基邻甲基苯酚和2,4,6-三氯酚。该化工园区周边土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类污染物污染水平较低、环境风险较小。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定不同产地布渣叶的3种水解黄酮苷元

提出了反相高效液相色谱法同时测定布渣叶的3种水解黄酮苷元槲皮素、山奈酚和异鼠李素的含量。采用Kromasil C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-0.4%(体积分数)磷酸溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,在368 nm波长处,对布渣叶的水解液进行了色谱分离测定。结果表明:槲皮素的质量浓度在1.97~19.7 mg.L-1,山奈酚在2.02~20.2 mg.L-1,异鼠李素在2.11~21.1 mg.L-1时分别与其峰面积呈线性关系。槲皮素、山奈酚和异鼠李素的加标回收率分别为93.0%~99.6%,92.6%~99.8%,92.5%~99.5%,相对标准偏差(n=6)分别为2.48%,2.80%,3.17%。     

高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离-串联质谱法同时测定动物源食品中复硝酚钠的3种组分

复硝酚钠(SNP)是一种生长调节剂,在我国动物源食品检测中被列为禁用药物。由于复硝酚钠痕量分析方法不成熟,至今尚无标准检测方法,因此建立复硝酚钠中3种组分(5-硝基愈创木酚钠、对硝基酚钠和邻硝基酚钠)同时检测的方法对我国动物源食品中复硝酚钠残留水平的控制、检测标准的制定和政府相应管理措施的实行采取具有一定的理论和现实意义并兼具创新性。研究建立了高效液相色谱-大气压化学电离-串联质谱(HPLC-APCI-MS/MS)对猪肉、鸡肉、鱼肉和肝脏中复硝酚钠3种组分残留量的检测方法。样品采用氢氧化钠溶液提取,用盐酸调节pH值为酸性后,加氯化钠使溶液饱和,再用乙腈溶液反萃两次后,合并上清液并加入饱和氯化钠溶液,再经正己烷液液萃取除脂后吸出中间乙腈层,浓缩并定容后,以甲醇-水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,采用CORTECT C₁₈色谱柱分离,大气压化学电离,在多反应监测(MRM)负离子模式下测定,外标法定量分析。5-硝基愈创木酚钠、对硝基酚钠和邻硝基酚钠分别在0.5~10、1.0~20和2.5~50 μg/L范围内线性良好,定量限分别为1.0、2.0和5.0 μg/kg,在定量限、2倍定量限和10倍定量限加标水平上的回收率分别为81.5%~98.4%、81.5%~102%和81.4%~95.1%,相对标准偏差分别为1.51%~5.98%、1.10%~8.85%和0.91%~8.61%(n=6),均符合要求,能够满足动物源食品中复硝酚钠残留量的检测要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.