Interferometric studies of a piano soundboard

Electronic speckle pattern interferometry has been used to study the deflection shapes of a piano soundboard. A design for an interferometer that can image such an unstable object is introduced, and interferograms of a piano soundboard obtained using this interferometer are presented. Deflection shapes are analyzed and compared to a finite-element model, and it is shown that the force the strings exert on the soundboard is important in determining the mode shapes and resonant frequencies. Measurements of resonance frequencies and driving-point impedance made using the interferometer are also presented.     

Numerical simulation of acoustic field under mechanical stirring

The present study analyzes the effect of stirring on ultrasonic degradation experiments through acoustic field distribution, which provides a guidance for further improvement of the degradation rate of organic solutions. It is known that in order to eliminate the standing wave field formed by ultrasonic radiation in the water tank, the liquid in the water tank needs to be stirred and the corresponding distribution of acoustic field is simulated by using the finite element method(FEM).The standing wave leads to an uneven distribution of the acoustic field when it is not stirred, and disappears after being stirred, which increases the cavitation area in the ultrasonic cleaning tank. Then, the degradation experiment with agitation is carried out. The experimental results show that the degradation rate of the solution is higher than that when there is no agitation, which confirms the importance of the acoustic field distribution to ultrasonic degradation. In addition, it is clear that with the increase of the stirring speed, the degradation rate increases first and reaches a maximum at 600 rpm before decreasing. Finally, the distribution of flow field is simulated and analyzed.     

Numerical simulation of coherent effects under conditions of multiple scattering

The time correlation function and the interference component of the coherent backscattering from a multiple-scattering medium are calculated in the framework of the Monte Carlo technique. By comparing the stochastic Monte Carlo technique with the iteration procedure of solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation, it is shown that the simulation of the optical path of photon packets that have experienced n scattering events is exactly equivalent to calculating the nth-order ladder diagram. Using this equivalence, the Monte Carlo technique is generalized for simulation of the time correlation functions and coherent backscattering.     

外加磁场下真空沿面闪络特性数值模拟

以单粒子模型和带电粒子运动方程为基础,采用蒙特卡罗方法,编写了真空沿面闪络过程计算程序,研究了外加磁场对真空沿面闪络过程的影响,主要是对二次电子发射及电子束的雪崩运动的影响。研究表明：外加磁场的存在,改变了绝缘体表面电子的运动,进而影响到绝缘体表面电荷的分布,从而在宏观上对绝缘体的耐受电压产生影响;外磁场抑制真空沿面闪络的效果与磁场的空间分布有关,磁场加在阴极附近时产生的效果优于加在阳极附近。     

高速气流中激光加热平板数值模拟与分析

 采用流固耦合方法,数值模拟了高速流场中激光作用下来流速度对平板温度分布的影响。结果表明:无激光辐照时,高速气流中平板有较高的气动生热平衡温度,且平板-气流之间的换热系数随来流速度增大而增大;在平板前沿换热系数增长最快,沿平板长度方向增速趋于平缓。分析了激光辐照时高速气流中激光加热平板的温度分布情况,考察了来流速度不同时,气动生热、散热和激光辐照对平板温度的影响,给出了激光辐照后的温升情况和温度分布,分析了在不同速度来流下,对流散热、摩擦生热和激光加热之间的竞争关系,结果表明,平板温度具体分布主要是加热过程竞争的结果。     

激光辐照下旋转柱壳温度场的数值模拟

 采用有限元方法数值模拟在连续激光辐照下旋转柱壳温度场的变化和分布情况,并分析了热性能参数对温度场造成的影响,同时还比较分析了不同旋转频率对柱壳温度场分布的影响。结果表明,激光作用下旋转柱壳的温升大大低于静止柱壳的温升, 外表面温度呈现出与旋转频率相符的周期性上升过程,而内表面温升由于热传导的原因在较小频率下才表现出这种周期性,当频率增大到一定值时,内表面温升不出现周期性的台阶而是曲线上升。     

单环路平板脉动热管定向循环的数值研究

根据脉动热管薄液膜蒸发和凝结相变换热的特点,对基于体积分数法的VOF相变进行了改进,建立了单环路板式脉动热管的三维流固耦合仿真模型,对高充液率下的定向循环工作特性和传热性能进行了数值研究。结果表明:仿真得到的泡状流,柱塞流以及环状流的分布以及转换规律和可视化实验结果较好吻合;在一定的充液率下,随着热负荷的增加,热阻先减小,然后上升,充液率越低,热阻越小,和实验结果的热阻误差在10%以内。分析发现,除了相变换热系数,脉动热管的热阻还和系统压力密切有关,高充液率、高功率下,内部压力(相变温度)上升过快,是其热阻升高的主要原因之一。     

激光辐照下旋转柱壳温度场的数值模拟

采用有限元方法数值模拟在连续激光辐照下旋转柱壳温度场的变化和分布情况,并分析了热性能参数对温度场造成的影响,同时还比较分析了不同旋转频率对柱壳温度场分布的影响。结果表明,激光作用下旋转柱壳的温升大大低于静止柱壳的温升, 外表面温度呈现出与旋转频率相符的周期性上升过程,而内表面温升由于热传导的原因在较小频率下才表现出这种周期性,当频率增大到一定值时,内表面温升不出现周期性的台阶而是曲线上升。     

块状TiO2气凝胶的溶胶-凝胶过程及结构

对块状TiO2气凝胶的溶胶-凝胶过程及结构进行了实验研究,结果发现:增加催化剂的量,凝胶化时间缩短,湿凝胶的透明度降低,强度提高;增加前驱体的量,凝胶化时间缩短,湿凝胶的透明度变化不大,强度提高;增加水量,凝胶化时间先缩短后增加,湿凝胶透明度先减小后增加,强度先增加后减小。利用扫描电镜对超临界干燥法制备的不同催化剂量和密度的块状TiO2气凝胶的结构进行了表征,并对结构与溶胶-凝胶过程之间的联系进行了分析。结果表明:增加催化剂量,由于缩聚反应进行的程度提高,气凝胶粒子粒径较小且总的孔径较大。减小前驱体量,气凝胶粒子粒径增大且结构逐渐疏松。     

高速气流中激光加热平板数值模拟与分析

采用流固耦合方法,数值模拟了高速流场中激光作用下来流速度对平板温度分布的影响。结果表明:无激光辐照时,高速气流中平板有较高的气动生热平衡温度,且平板-气流之间的换热系数随来流速度增大而增大;在平板前沿换热系数增长最快,沿平板长度方向增速趋于平缓。分析了激光辐照时高速气流中激光加热平板的温度分布情况,考察了来流速度不同时,气动生热、散热和激光辐照对平板温度的影响,给出了激光辐照后的温升情况和温度分布,分析了在不同速度来流下,对流散热、摩擦生热和激光加热之间的竞争关系,结果表明,平板温度具体分布主要是加热过程竞争的结果。     

微通道冷却器的数值分析

微通道热沉是制作在硅芯片基底背面的微细通道,其水力直径范围为10～1 000 μm.微通道具有高表面积-体积比、低热阻、低流量等特点,是一种高效散热的解决方案.一个典型应用是激光二极管列阵的致冷.然而,微通道里流体的状态和传热与宏观状态相比有很大不同,有必要开展进一步研究.论文采用商业软件CoventorWareTM建立一个平板式微通道的有限元模型,据此对微通道中流体状态及传热进行了数值计算,获得了单个微通道中流场和温度的分布.结果表明,对于2 000 μm×50 μm×500 μm的微通道,能够对500 W/cm2的热通量快速散热,热阻仅有0.042 3 K/(W·cm-2).     

Numerical simulation of a turbulent magnetic dynamo

We present numerical simulations of a turbulent magnetic dynamo mimicking closely the Riga-dynamo experiment at Re approximately 3.5x10(6) and 15< or =Rem< or =20. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for the fluid flow and turbulence field are solved simultaneously with the direct numerical solution of the magnetic field equations. The fully integrated two-way-coupled simulations reproduced all features of the magnetic self-excitation detected by the Riga experiment, with frequencies and amplitudes of the self-generated magnetic field in good agreement with the experimental records, and provided full insight into the unsteady magnetic and velocity fields and the mechanisms of the dynamo action.     

Numerical simulation and experimental validation of a direct current air corona discharge under atmospheric pressure

Air corona discharge is one of the critical problems associated with high-voltage equipment. Investigating the corona mechanism plays a key role in enhancing the electrical insulation performance. An improved self-consistent multi-component two-dimensional plasma hybrid model is presented for the simulation of a direct current atmospheric pressure corona discharge in air. The model is based on plasma hydrodynamic and chemical models, and includes 12 species and 26 reactions. In addition, the photoionization effect is introduced into the model. The simulation on a bar-plate electrode configuration with an inter-electrode gap of 5.0 mm is carried out. The discharge voltage-current characteristics and the current density distribution predicted by the hybrid model agree with the experimental measurements. In addition, the dynamics of volume charged species generation, discharge current waveform, current density distribution at an electrode, charge density, electron temperature, and electric field variations are investigated in detail based on the model. The results indicate that the model can contribute valuable insights into the physics of an air plasma discharge.     

4H-SiC NMOS电子、质子辐照数值模拟

 分析了高能电子、质子对4H-SiC的损伤机理,建立了4H-SiC NMOS器件物理模型。电子、质子辐照效应模型。应用ISE-TCAD软件进行数值模拟计算,得出在能量为2.5 MeV、注量为5×10¹³ cm^-2的电子辐照及能量为6.5 MeV、注量为2×10¹⁴ cm^-2的质子辐照下,4H-SiC NMOS转移特性曲线和亚阈值漏电流曲线变化的初步规律。数值模拟结果与相同条件下Si NMOS实验结果吻合较好。     

外部流场对激光加热运动目标影响的数值模拟

 考虑激光与运动目标相互作用的基础上,利用有限元方法分析了亚声速条件下运动目标在激光辐照全过程的温度场和热应力场的分布与演化规律。结果表明：高速流场的存在,导致了明显的冷却效应;加热过程中目标材料出现了屈服,导致激光熄灭后结构内出现残余应力和变形;激光辐照区边缘产生很高的温度梯度和应力梯度,并且由于气流影响,受辐照区域前后两端应力分布不对称。     

4H-SiC NMOS电子、质子辐照数值模拟

分析了高能电子、质子对4H-SiC的损伤机理,建立了4H-SiC NMOS器件物理模型。电子、质子辐照效应模型。应用ISE-TCAD软件进行数值模拟计算,得出在能量为2.5 MeV、注量为5×1013 cm-2的电子辐照及能量为6.5 MeV、注量为2×1014 cm-2的质子辐照下,4H-SiC NMOS转移特性曲线和亚阈值漏电流曲线变化的初步规律。数值模拟结果与相同条件下Si NMOS实验结果吻合较好。     

Numerical simulation of the ignition of liquid fuel with a limited-energy source under turbulent flow conditions

The ignition of a typical liquid fuel with a limited-energy source, a small metal particle heated to high temperature is numerically simulated with consideration given to the possible turbulization of the fuel vapor flow. The dependences of the integral ignition characteristics on the key parameters of the local heat source are established. The integral ignition characteristics, as well as the fields of fuel vapor concentrations and velocities predicted by models accounting for the laminar and turbulent modes of the vapor-oxidizer mixture flow are compared.     

Numerical simulation of liquid phase electroepitaxial growth of GaInAs under magnetic field

Numerical simulations were carried out for the liquid phase electroepitaxial (LPEE) growth process of ternary alloy GaInAs under external magnetic field. The governing field equations together with appropriate interface and boundary conditions are solved numerically by the Finite Element Method for the growth cell configuration to be used in our laboratory. Results show the feasibility of suppressing the natural convection in the solution by the application of an external magnetic field. A field of 2rtesla is sufficient to reduce the effect of gravity significantly.     

Numerical simulation of the ablation of thin molybdenum films under laser irradiation

Laser irradiation of a molybdenum film on a quartz substrate is numerically studied. The simulated results prove the experimental effect lying in a threefold decrease in the size of the ablation region in comparison with the focal spot. The numerical experiment proves the hypothesis on the two-stage ablation of metal film with the primary formation of oxide phase. It is demonstrated that oxidation leads to a selective decrease in the thermal resistance of the film along the vertical direction, so that the anisotropic character of the ablation is enhanced.