GC–MS法同时测定聚氨酯塑胶跑道中16种多环芳烃

建立气相色谱–质谱法同时测定聚氨酯塑胶跑道中16种多环芳烃如萘、苊、二氢苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、苯并[b]荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、屈、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘、茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘、1-甲基奈、2-甲基萘的检测方法。样品采用甲苯为提取剂,经超声提取和硅胶柱净化后,用气相色谱–质谱法测定16种多环芳烃残留量。16种多环芳烃的质量浓度在0.2~10.0 mg/kg范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r20.998,检出限为5.0~60.0μg/kg。回收率为72.4%~101.6%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.9%~7.2%(n=6)。该方法准确度高、精密度好,适用于聚氨酯塑胶跑道中多环芳烃多残留检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定卷烟滤嘴中15种多环芳烃

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱同时检测卷烟滤嘴中15种多环芳烃的方法。卷烟滤嘴用二氯甲烷振荡萃取后,经0.22μm有机相滤膜过滤,采用DB-5MS色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)进行分离,电子轰击源、正离子模式下以多反应监测模式进行检测,内标法进行定量。15种多环芳烃(苊烯、苊、芴、菲、蒽、荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽、屈、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[a]芘、二苯并[a,h]蒽、苯并[g,h,i]苝和茚并[1,2,3-c,d]芘)的线性关系良好,相关系数(R~2)为0.991 4~0.999 9。15种多环芳烃在低、中、高3个添加水平下的平均回收率为81.6%~111.2%;除了芴在低添加水平时相对标准偏差为19.2%外,其他相对标准偏差均小于16%。15种多环芳烃的检出限为0.02~0.24 ng/滤嘴,定量限为0.04~0.80 ng/滤嘴。方法前处理简便,具有快速、准确、灵敏度高及重复性好的优点,适用于卷烟滤嘴中多环芳烃的分析。     

冷冻研磨超声浸提分离-气相色谱-质谱法测定充油丁苯橡胶中8种多环芳烃的含量

为从充油丁苯橡胶样品中分离提取其中所含8种多环芳烃化合物(PAHs,包括苯并[a]蒽、艹屈、苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[j]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽、苯并[e]芘、苯并[a]芘及二苯并[a,h]蒽),采用了冷冻研磨、超声浸提法。试验选择了5件样品分别将其粉碎至约2mm~3的颗粒,并取一定量的颗粒样品置于研磨仪中进行冷冻研磨至粉末状态。称取加工成粉末状的样品1.00g,加入正己烷-丙酮(1+1)混合溶液10mL,在40℃超声提取35min。将所得提取液氮吹浓缩至近干,用正己烷1mL溶解残渣,所得溶液经滤膜过滤,滤液供气相色谱-质谱分析。采用VB-17MS毛细管色谱柱,在90～300℃温度区间按程序升温模式进行分离。在质谱分析中,用电子轰击离子源和选择离子监测模式。测得8种PAHs的线性范围均在0.05～5.0mg·L~(-1)之间,检出限(3S/N)在0.01～0.02mg·L~(-1)之间。在样品溶液中加入混合标准溶液进行回收试验,测得回收率在84.5%～106%之间,并从测定值计算其相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.6%～4.9%之间。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的多环芳烃

通过超声提取、固相萃取(SPE）纯化、反相高效液相色谱分离及荧光检测,建立了测定卷烟主流烟气中荧葸、苯并(k)荧蒽、苯并(a)芘、茚并[1,2、3-cd]芘和苯并[g,h,i]菲等5种多环芳烃的方法。方法的相对标准偏差为2．1％～4,1％,平均回收率为77．2％～90．1％。     

配位聚合物固相萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用法测定环境水样中的6种多环芳烃

制备了一种二维的[Zn(benzotriazole)2]n配位聚合物,并经过XRD、SEM及元素分析法的表征,将其用于富集萃取环境水样中的6种重质多环芳烃,该配合物对于含多苯环的化合物显示出较强的吸附力。实验中分别对填料用量、淋洗剂、洗脱剂的种类及用量、穿透体积等参数进行考察,并将其与同等上样量及加标量的C18固相萃取小柱进行对比,建立了水样中6种多环芳烃的气相色谱-质谱联用检测方法。结果表明,使用200mg[Zn(benzotriazole)2]n配合物作为固相萃取填料,以10%甲醇为淋洗剂,0.5mL丙酮和5mL二氯甲烷作为洗脱剂,在上样体积为200mL、流速为4mL/min的条件下,6种多环芳烃均具有较高的回收率。荧蒽(Flan)、苯并(b)荧蒽(BbF)、苯并(g,h,i)芘(BghiP)的质量浓度在20～1000μg/L范围内,苯并(k)荧蒽(BkF)、苯并(a)芘(BaP)、茚并(1,2,3-Cd)芘(InP)在10～500μg/L范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9968～0.9993。方法的检出限为0.45～10.7ng/L,加标回收率为77%～112%,相对标准偏差为3.8%～8.5%。结果表明,该方法具有成本低、灵敏度高等特点,能够满足实际水样中6种多环芳烃的测定要求。     

皂化提取-高效液相色谱荧光法测定油炸食品中5种多环芳烃

建立了皂化提取-高效液相色谱荧光法测定油炸食品中苯并(a)芘、苯并(a)蒽、苯并(b)荧蒽、苯并(k)荧蒽及苯并[g,h,i]苝等5种多环芳烃的检测方法。油炸食品样品经皂化法处理,用正己烷提取,经浓缩处理后,用乙腈溶解,经高效液相色谱荧光定量检测。分离柱为Waters PAH C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5μm);流动相为水-乙腈体系,梯度洗脱;流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长:苯并(a)蒽:λex=290 nm,λem=400 nm;其它4种目标物:λex=290 nm,λem=430 nm。不同基质样品中5种多环芳烃的定量限为0.1~0.6μg/kg。不同基质样品中5种多环芳烃的回收率为84.7%~106.3%,RSD为1.1%~3.2%(n=6),在相应浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.999。     

高效液相色谱——荧光分光光度法测定水中超微量多环芳烃

本文介绍了水样中超微量多环芳烃的高效液相色谱—荧光分光光度测定法。工作中选定的分离、检测条件,满足了快速定量的要求,10分钟内可实现七种多环芳烃的分离。定性工作中,除经典的保留值定性之外,还介绍了停流扫描荧光光谱、不同检测条件下的峰高比值,以及同步荧光光谱定性。在定量分析中,此法的最小检出浓度和回收率分别为:蒽0.54ppt(84.4%),荧蒽0.40ppt(100.9%),芘1.10ppt(96.5%),苯并[a]蒽0.03ppt(96.0%),苯并[a]芘0.02ppt(95.1%)。方法的精度及定量线性良好,线性范围达10~3。对实际水样的检验表明。本方法适合水中超微量多环芳烃的定性、定量分析。     

ClO2对溶液中蒽、芘和苯并[a]蒽的降解

多环芳烃是一类具有潜在致突变、致癌/助癌特性且在环境中较为稳定的微污染物. 采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术测定了ClO₂对溶液中蒽、芘和苯并[a]蒽的降解效果. 预备实验中发现ClO₂可在较短时间内有效去除这3种多环芳烃. 研究了反应时间、ClO₂浓度及pH对多环芳烃降解率的影响, 结果表明反应时间和ClO₂浓度可明显影响多环芳烃的降解率, 而pH在3.2~9.7范围内对其几乎没有影响. 当反应时间为30, 60, 120 min, ClO₂浓度为0.1, 0.4, 0.5 mmol·L^-1, pH为7.2时, 蒽、芘和苯并[a]蒽的降解率达到最大值, 分别为99.0%, 67.5% 和89.5%. 采用气相色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 技术对ClO₂氧化蒽的反应产物进行了鉴定, 结果表明主要产物为生物降解性较强的9, 10-蒽醌. 通过分析蒽与ClO₂的反应特性, 在单电子转移理论的基础上, 对蒽与ClO₂的反应机理及可能的反应途径进行了讨论.     

固相膜萃取-超高效液相色谱-荧光法测定极地水体中多环芳烃

采用C<,18>固相膜萃取对样品进行富集净化,以二氯甲烷洗脱目标化合物,采用UPLC荧光可变波长进行分离分析.可在5min内实现15种多环芳烃分析,方法检出限分别为:萘为0.3ng/L,苊、芴、菲和苯并(a)蒽为0.26ng/L,蒽、荧蒽、苯并(b)荧蒽和茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘为0.28ng/L;芘、屈、苯并(k)荧蒽、苯并(a)芘和二苯并(a,h)蒽为0.24ng/L;苯并(g,h,i)苝为2.6ng/L.加标回收率在67%～87%之间,RSD均小于10%.可应用于极地环境中痕量多环芳烃样品的检测分析.     

全自动固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定卷烟主流烟气中的3种多环芳烃

以全自动固相萃取技术净化主流烟气萃取液,建立了卷烟主流烟气中苯并［a］芘、苯并［a］蒽和屈艹 3种多环芳烃的气相色谱-串联质谱(GC-MS/MS)测定方法。以吸烟机抽吸卷烟,并以剑桥滤片捕集卷烟主流烟气,然后以含氘代苯并［a］芘内标的环己烷溶液萃取滤片,萃取液经全自动固相萃取仪净化后以GC-MS/MS分离检测。结果表明,苯并［a］芘、苯并［a］蒽和屈艹 的检出限分别为0.05、0.16和0.23 ng/cig,回收率为91.5%～102.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于5%。该方法的自动化程度高、操作简便、检出限低、重复性好,适用于卷烟主流烟气中苯并［a］芘、苯并［a］蒽 3种多环芳烃释放量的检测。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定热塑性弹性体中的多环芳烃

建立了一种简单、准确的测定热塑性弹性体中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)方法。考察了样品制备、萃取溶剂、萃取方法、时间以及温度对厂家制备的阳性热塑性弹性体样品中PAHs提取效率的影响,确定了萃取条件和方法。样品经甲苯超声萃取、浓缩后用环己烷溶解、二甲亚砜液液萃取净化后采用GC-MS进行分析,内标法定量。通过对不同材质阳性热塑性弹性体样品的加标回收、精密度试验等对建立的方法进行评价,16种PAHs的平均回收率为70%～117%,精密度为0.2%～10.8%。该方法适合于热塑性弹性体中PAHs的测定。     

Quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important group of organic contaminants present in sewage sludge. Due to their persistence and toxic potential, information about their presence in sewage sludge is needed in order to assess applicability on agricultural land. A method for the gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) determination was developed and applied to the trace determination of PAHs present in sewage sludge samples from six wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) differing in the type of treatment and the origin of wastewater. PAHs were extracted from freeze-dried samples by a dichloromethane-methanol (2:1) mixture in a sonication bath. The sludge extracts were cleaned-up by an alumina column. The method showed recovery values varying from 60 to 98%. Four surrogate standards ([2H8]naphthalene, [2H10]anthracene, [2H12]benzo[a]anthracene, and [2H12]benzo[ghi]perylene) were used for quantitation by GC-MS. A reference sludge sample was analysed in order to validate the method. The sum of the 16 US Environmental Protection Agency PAHs analysed in the sewage sludge samples varied from 1.13 to 5.52 mg/kg. No significant difference between the different WWTPs was found.     

快速溶剂萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱法分析海洋沉积物中16种多环芳烃

建立了快速溶剂萃取（ASE）-气相色谱-串联质谱（GC-MS/MS）分析海洋沉积物中16种多环芳烃（PAHs）的分析方法。样品由正己烷-丙酮（1∶1,v/v）溶液萃取,经无水硫酸钠脱水、氮吹浓缩后,采用硅胶固相萃取小柱进行净化,然后经HP-5MS色谱柱（30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm）分离,在电子轰击电离源下以多反应监测（MRM）模式进行检测,内标法定量。分析结果表明,16种PAHs在0.01~1.00 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（R）大于0.997;目标物的加标回收率为75.8%~97.8%;日内与日间精密度（RSD）均小于10%。当取样量为20.0 g时,16种PAHs的方法检出限为0.048~0.234 μg/kg。该法快速、准确、稳定,能够满足海洋沉积物中痕量PAHs的测定。     

QuEChERS/气相色谱质谱法同时测定膨化食品中多环芳烃类物质

建立了同时测定膨化食品中12种多环芳烃(PAHs)的Qu EChERS/气相色谱三重四极杆质谱(GC-MS/MS)的方法。称取2 g(精确至0.01 g)样品,加入10 mL正己烷提取15 min,采用500 mg乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷化硅胶(PAS)和500 mg C18粉末进行净化,净化后进行GC-MS/MS分析测定。实验结果表明,12种多环芳烃在气相色谱中的分离度良好,在1~1000 ng/mL的浓度范围内线性关系良好。加标回收率测定范围为49%~130%,RSD在1.0%~10%(n=7)之间。检出限在0.20~0.66μg/kg之间,定量限在0.66~2.20μg/kg之间。该方法数据可靠、操作简单快捷、灵敏度高,适合大批量样品中PAHs的测定。     

加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取净化-气相色谱/质谱法测定土壤中的多环芳烃

建立了加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取净化-气相色谱/质谱法同时测定土壤中16种多环芳烃的方法.土壤样品经正己烷-丙酮提取,经无水Na2SO4脱水、氮吹浓缩后,弗罗里土小柱净化,采用气相色谱/质谱检测,内标法定量.结果表明:该方法在质量浓度0.4～10 μg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数(r2)大于0.9962,检出限为4.8～...     

New approach to study of spilled crude oils using high resolution GC-MS (SIM) and metastable reaction monitoring GC-MS-MS

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and geochemical biomarkers are good environmental markers to study the origin and evolution of an oil spill. To have access to the greatest number of molecular ratios, no fractionation of oil into aliphatic and aromatic compounds is made. Three analytical MS approaches are tested to analyze markers in this total hydrocarbon fraction: classical quadrupole GC-MS, high resolution GC-MS (HR GC-MS) and metastable reaction monitoring GC-MS-MS (MRM GC-MS-MS). This analytical approach is used to follow the evolution of PAHs in petroleum polluted mangrove soils over 8 years by using molecular ratios between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tri- and tetracyclic terpanes.     

改进QuEChERS-气相色谱-质谱法快速分析测定农用土壤中多环芳烃

建立农用土壤中16种多环芳烃的改进QuEChERS快速提取净化方法及气相色谱-质谱检测方法,并通过对西安市周边农用土壤样品的分析,调查土壤中多环芳烃的污染情况.土壤样品用KOH饱和的甲醇碱化处理后,用丙酮-正已烷(1+1)为提取溶剂,涡旋混匀后超声提取,提取液按改进QuEChERS方法加入无水MgSO4、硅胶及正丙基乙二胺(PSA)进行净化,检测时选用DB -5 MS(30m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm)色谱柱分离,EI电离源及离子监测模式检测,16种多环芳烃的测定低限0.7～3.2μg/kg,加标回收率79.8％ ～ 109.6％,相对标准偏差均低于9.4％.检测的农用土壤样品中均检出有不同程度的多环芳烃残留,约16.7％的土壤样品为轻度污染.     

Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols and aromatic amines in particulate phase cigarette smoke using simultaneous distillation and extraction as a sole sample clean-up step

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), phenols and aromatic amines can be analyzed in particulate phase mainstream cigarette smoke using simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) as a unique sample clean-up step. All analytes are determined from the same smoke sample using GC-MS. The smoke from 20 cigarettes is collected on a Cambridge smoke pad where a mixture of internal standards is added. The Cambridge smoke pad is extracted in a SDE apparatus using water-CH2Cl2. The SDE extract is analyzed directly for PAHs, for phenols after silylation, and for amines after derivatization with heptafluorobutyric anhydride. Excellent results in agreement with data reported in the literature are obtained by this procedure.     

Comparison of immunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for measurement of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in contaminated soil

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are frequently encountered in the environment and may pose health concerns due to their carcinogenicity. A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was evaluated as a screening method for monitoring PAHs at contaminated sites. The ELISA was a carcinogenic PAH (C-PAH) RaPID assay testing kit that cross-reacts with several PAHs and utilizes benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) as a calibrator. Soil samples were extracted with 50% acetone in dichloromethane (DCM) for analysis by ELISA and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overall method precision was within ±30% for ELISA and within ±20% for GC-MS. Recovery data for spiked soils ranged from 46 to 140% for BaP as determined by ELISA. Recoveries data of the GC-MS surrogate standards, 2-fluorobiphenyl and chrysene, were greater than 70%. The GC-MS procedure detected a total of 19 priority PAHs (2-6-ring PAHs) including seven probable human carcinogens (4-6-ring B2-PAHs). The ELISA results were compared to GC-MS summation results for the total 19 target PAHs as well as for the subset of the seven B2-PAH compounds. For all soil samples, the PAH concentrations derived from ELISA were greater than the sum of B2-PAH concentrations obtained by GC-MS. ELISA determinations were also frequently greater than the results obtained by GC-MS for the total 19 PAH compounds. This discrepancy can be expected, since the ELISA is a screening assay for the detection of several related PAHs while the GC-MS procedure detects priority PAH compounds. Thus, only a subset of PAHs (e.g. 19 PAHs) in the soil samples were measured by GC-MS while additional PAHs, including alkylated PAHs, and PAH derivatives have been demonstrated to be cross-reactive in the C-PAH ELISA. Results of paired tests show that the PAH data from ELISA and GC-MS methods are significantly different (P<0.001), but highly correlated. The ELISA data had a strong positive relationship with the GC-MS summation data for the B2-PAHs as well as for the 19 PAHs targeted by the GC-MS method. Results indicate that the ELISA may be useful as a broad screen for monitoring PAHs in environmental samples.     

气质联用仪测定电子电气产品中多环芳烃

建立了以甲苯溶剂超声波震荡提取、离心机分离萃取液、气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定电子电气产品中16种多环芳烃组分的方法,萃取条件为:用甲苯溶剂在60℃超声波震荡60 min,外标法定量。各组分的浓度在10～500ng/mL范围内具有良好的线性,线性相关系数r2大于0.994,检出限为0.05～0.30 mg/kg。方法的加标回收率为80%～120%,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于5%。