等离子体纳米结构中的Fano共振效应及其应用

Fano共振效应是一种具有非对称线型的共振散射现象,起源于共振过程和非共振过程的量子干涉效应。近年来,在等离子体纳米结构中Fano共振现象也被发现,并成为纳米光子学的一个研究热点。等离子体Fano共振通常具有较窄的光谱线宽,且不能直接与入射光耦合,只能局域在近场,强的近场局域特性可以获得巨大的表面电磁场增强。由于等离子体Fano共振独特的光学特性,已经被应用到单分子探测、高灵敏度传感、增强光谱、完美吸收、电磁诱导透明和慢光光子学器件等众多领域当中。     

Tunable Fano resonances and plasmonic hybridization of gold triangle–rod dimer nanostructure

A gold dimer structure consisting of a notched triangle nanoslice and a rectangle nanorod is proposed to produce distinct Fano resonance. Owing to the coupling between the dipole plasmon mode of the nanorod and the dipole or quadrupole plasmon mode of the nanoslice, the extinction spectrum with a deep Fano dip is formed and can be well fitted by the Fano interference model for different geometry parameters. In addition, Fano resonance of the gold dimer nanostructure also intensely depends on the polarization direction of incident light. Moreover, Fano resonance of the triangle–rod trimer is also analyzed by adding another nanorod into the former dimer and exhibits the splitting of plasmonic resonant peak in high order coupling modes. The plasmonic hybridizations in these nanostructures have been analyzed for revealing the physical origin of the Fano resonance.     

Fano resonance and magneto-optical Kerr rotaion in periodic Co/Ni complex plasmonic nanostructure

we report a pure rerromagneuc metallic magnetopiasmonic structure consisting or two-dimensional oraerea Ni nanodisks array on Co film.With a sufficient height of the nanodisks,a steep and asymmetric Fano resonance can be excited in this structure.We attribute the fascinating spectral lineshape to the strong coupling between the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons at the interface and the localized surface plasmon resonance of nanodisks.The conclusion is fully confirmed by spectrum measurements in nanostructures with different heights.Furthermore,the enhancement and sign of the magneto-optical Kerr rotation in this structure are significantly modified by the Fano resonance.     

D3h和D4h等离激元超分子的Fano共振光谱的 子集合分解解释

针对D_3h和D_4h对称构型金属纳米多颗粒集合即等离激元超分子表面等离激元共振光谱的子集合分解及其相对应的Fano共振光谱低谷的产生机理, 本文运用群论的方法做出了详细的分析研究. 运用与群论中求解分子简正振动模式类似的方法, 推导证实了在线偏振光入射时, D_nh环形多颗粒只有2个电偶极表面等离激元共振模式, 增加中心颗粒会使模式增加1个. 对D_3h和D_4h等离激元超分子的表面等离激元共振模式进行不可约表示基向量正交分解分析表明, Fano共振光谱低谷是由于两个起主要作用的相邻模式包含有共同的正交基向量, 并形成相消干涉而产生. 这进一步验证了Fano共振光谱低谷的起源除传统观点(即源自于宽频超辐射亮模式和窄频低辐射暗模式之间的耦合)之外的另一种解释视角.     

内嵌银纳米棒圆形银缝隙结构中的法诺共振现象

应用时域有限差分算法系统地研究了内嵌银纳米棒圆形银缝隙结构的透射特性. 由于倾斜银纳米棒破坏了圆形腔原有的对称稳态磁场分布, 该系统中产生了法诺共振现象. 此外, 透射光谱强烈地依赖于纳米棒的倾斜角度和纳米棒的形貌参数. 这些结果有助于设计复合结构滤波器, 满足特定的滤波需要. 关键词： 表面等离极化激元 法诺共振 时域有限差分算法     

Quality factor enhancement of plasmonic surface lattice resonance by using asymmetric periods

We report that using asymmetric lattice periods can enhance the quality factor of plasmonic surface lattice resonances(SLRs)in two-dimensional array of metal-insulator-metal nanopillars in asymmetric dielectric environment.Simulation results show that by adopting appropriate asymmetric lattice periods,the SLR quality factor can be enhanced by 24%compared with the scenario of symmetric periods.We find that the SLR quality factor is optimized when the resonance wavelength is closest to the Rayleigh cutoff wavelength.We also find that the SLRs effect is polarization sensitive in the proposed structure.We expect this work will advance the engineering of SLRs especially in asymmetric dielectric environments,and will promote their applications in sensing.     

Stable Fano-like plasmonic resonance: its impact on the reversal of far-and near-field optical binding force

Even for a 100 nm interparticle distance or a small change in particle shape,optical Fano-like plasmonic resonance mode usually vanishes completely.It would be remarkable if stable Fano-like resonance could somehow be achieved in distinctly shaped nanoparticles for more than 1μm interparticle distance,which corresponds to the far electromagnetic field region.If such far-field Fano-like plasmonic resonance can be achieved,controlling the reversal of the far-field binding force can be attained,like the currently reported reversals for near-field cases.In this work,we have proposed an optical set-up to achieve such a robust and stable Fano-like plasmonic resonance,and comparatively studied its remarkable impact on controlling the reversal of near-and far-field optical binding forces.In our proposed set-up,the distinctly shaped plasmonic tetramers are half immersed(i.e.air-benzene)in an inhomogeneous dielectric interface and illuminated by?circular?polarized light.We have demonstrated significant differences between near-and far-field optical binding forces along with the Lorentz force field,which partially depends on the object’s shape.A clear connection is shown between the far-field binding force and the resonant modes,along with a generic mechanism to achieve controllable Fano-like plasmonic resonance and the reversal of the optical binding force in both far-and near-field configurations.     

金属半圆环/长板阵列的法诺共振特性

本文设计了金属半圆环/长板阵列,并应用有限元方法研究了该阵列的透射特性。研究表明:由于半圆环与长板之间的电场耦合,在该阵列中产生了法诺共振现象。法诺共振峰强烈地依赖于半圆环/长板的结构参数和相对位置,并且法诺共振峰对周围介质折射率有着较高的灵敏度,最高可以达到862.5 nm/RIU。这些结果有助于设计基于法诺共振的微纳光子学器件。     

同心椭圆柱-纳米管结构的双重Fano共振研究

提出了一种同心椭圆柱-纳米管复合结构,该结构由金纳米管中内嵌椭圆形金柱构成,利用时域有限差分法分析了尺寸参数、周围环境及纳米管内核材料对该结构光学性质的影响.结果表明,调节椭圆柱芯的旋转角度可产生双重偶极-偶极Fano共振,其主要是由椭圆柱芯的纵向或横向偶极共振模式与纳米管的偶极成键和反成键模式杂化形成的超辐射成键模式和亚辐射成键模式之间的相互作用产生的,且共振特性可通过调节复合结构的尺寸参数控制,随椭圆柱长轴或短轴的增大而红移,随纳米管外径的增大或整体尺寸的减小而蓝移,当纳米管内径增大时高频Fano共振随着红移,而低频Fano共振先蓝移再红移,同时其对外界环境的变化不敏感,但对纳米管内核材料变化有着较好的响应.利用等离激元杂化理论对该现象进行了解释.这些结果可为构造其他类型的多波段Fano共振二维或三维纳米结构提供一种新的方式.     

Fano profile in a novel double cavity optomechanical system with harmonically bound mirrors

We investigate a double cavity optomechanical system generating single and double Fano resonance (multi-Fano). By altering a single parameter, the tunnelling rate g of the middle mirror, we are able to switch between single and double Fano line shapes. The first spectral line shape is stronger in the case of multi-Fano than in the case of single Fano. Also the behaviour of the steady state value of the displacement of the middle mirror, with respect to g, heavily influences the behaviour of double Fano lines in our scheme. This tunability along with using a single pump and signal/probe laser has an added advantage in situations where only low power consumption is available.     

Fano resonances in complex plasmonic super-nanoclusters: The effect of environmental modifications on the LSPR sensitivity

In this study, gold nanodisk clusters in heptamer orientations as clusters were used to design a super-heptamer consisting of one central and six peripheral heptamers. We examined the position and movement of the plasmon and Fano resonances by sketching the spectral response of the superstructure for various nanodisk dimensions. The quality of the interference between the superradiant and subradiant plasmon resonance modes of the nanodisk clusters was found to depend strongly on the structural configuration and the refractive index of the environmental medium. We replaced the central heptamer with a nanodisk and probed the position of the Fano resonance by geometrically altering the nanodisk structure. Finally, the effect of the dielectric environment on the plasmon response of both of the studied structures was examined numerically and theoretically. The localized surface plasmon resonance sensitivity of the finite plasmonic structures to the presence of liquid substances was investigated and shown by plotting the linear figure of merit. The finite-difference time-domain method was used as a numerical tool to investigate the plasmon response of the structure.     

High-sensitivity Bloch surface wave sensor with Fano resonance in grating-coupled multilayer structures

A new type of device consisting of a lithium niobate film coupled with a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) was theoretically proposed to explore and release Bloch surface waves for applications in sensing and detection. The film and grating made of lithium niobate (LiNbO₃) were placed on both sides of the DBR and a concentrated electromagnetic field was formed at the film layer. By adjusting the spatial incidence angle of the incident light, two detection and analysis modes were obtained, including surface diffraction detection and guided Bloch detection. Surface diffraction detection was used to detect the gas molecule concentrations, while guided Bloch detection was applied for the concentration detection of biomolecule-modulated biological solutions. According to the drift of the Fano curve, the average sensor sensitivities from the analysis of the two modes were 1560 °/RIU and 1161 °/RIU, and the maximum detection sensitivity reached 2320 °/RIU and 2200 °/RIU, respectively. This study revealed the potential application of LiNbO₃ as a tunable material when combined with DBR to construct a new type of biosensor, which offered broad application prospects in Bloch surface wave biosensors.     

Optical guided dispersions and subwavelength transmissions in dispersive plasmonic circular holes

The light transmission through a dispersive plasmonic circular hole is numerically investigated with an emphasis on its subwavelength guidance. For a better understanding of the effect of the hole diameter on the guided dispersion characteristics, the guided modes, including both the surface plasmon polariton mode and the circular waveguide mode, are studied for several hole diameters, especially when the metal cladding has a plasmonic frequency dependency. A brief comparison is also made with the guided dispersion characteristics of a dispersive plasmonic gap [K.Y. Kim, et al., Opt. Express 14, 320–330 (2006)], which is a planar version of the present structure, and a circular waveguide with perfect electric conductor cladding. Finally, the modal behaviour of the first three TM-like principal modes with varied hole diameters is examined for the same operating mode.     

外力驱动下耦合弹簧振子的法诺共振

法诺共振是物理体系中普遍存在的一种非对称共振现象,它最早起源于量子物理,其微观图像是原子谱线中窄的分离态与宽的连续态之间的相干干涉.本文利用经典力学体系中两个弹簧振子的耦合,使其中一个弹簧振子受到周期性外力的驱动,成功类比了量子力学中的法诺共振现象.通过分析每个弹簧振子的动力学方程,严格求解它们的振动公式,从而得到每个...     

Wideband slow light achievement in MIM plasmonic waveguide by controlling Fano resonance

In this paper, we have investigated the characteristics of an asymmetric shaped Fano line in a metal–insulator–metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide side coupled to two resonating stub structures. The spectral properties of Fano resonance are quite distinct due to the destructive interference between a two propagating plasmon modes. Two structural parameters are carefully adjusted: physical separation between both the resonating stubs and length of resonating stubs. By tailoring the separation between both the resonating structures, coupling between both the plasmon modes is controlled, and hence asymmetric nature of Fano line can be shaped accordingly. Resonance condition of Fano line can be tuned by scaling the length of stubs. A strong red shift in resonating wavelength with varying degree of asymmetry is observed, when length of resonating structures is increased. The sharp resonant peak, due to an asymmetric shaped Fano resonance is generally accompanied by large dispersion that results in reduction of group velocity of light near Fano resonance. By controlling the coupling between resonating stub, or by scaling the length of lower resonating stub, large value of group index (n_g = 75) and delay bandwidth product (DBP = 0.2533) is obtained. The structure can be modified to suit different applications in optical buffers, optical switches and nonlinear optics devices.     

Fano resonance and spectral compression in a ring resonator drop filter with feedback

We propose a ring resonator drop filter with feedback loop which can form the other ring cavity to produce an asymmetric Fano-resonance line shape and mode compression. By properly adjusting the feedback loop, the asymmetric line shapes of the transmission spectra can be controlled and selectively mode compression of the circuiting intensity in the feedback loop is achieved. Such characteristics are useful for applications in ring resonator-based photonic devices such as all-optical switches, sensors and intracavity frequency selection single-mode laser.     

Disorder‐induced Raman scattering effects in one‐dimensional ZnO nanostructures by incorporation and anisotropic distribution of Dy and Li codopants

In Dy³⁺ and Li⁺ codoped ZnO nanowires, the additives accumulate preferentially in {0001} planes, resulting in serious breakdown of the translational symmetry in ab plane and modification of the phonon oscillation field. Not only acoustic overtones, silent optical modes, surface optical (SO) phonon modes, and multi‐phonon processes can be effectively observed in the nonresonant Raman scattering (RS) and the Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, but the quasi‐LO and TO modes of mixed A₁ and E₁ symmetry also show a noticeable red shift from E₁ symmetry (in ab plane) to A₁ symmetry (along c axis). The presence of dislocations and internal strain at the surface layer rich in additives, coming from the segregation of additives, forms a quasi‐bilayer system, resulting in the appearance and enhancement of SO phonon modes in RS and FTIR spectra. The Fano interference, originating from the interaction between the discrete scattering from phonons and the continuum scattering from laser‐induced electrons in the doped nanostructures, leads to typical asymmetric lineshapes on the lower wavenumber sides. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Splitting the surface wave in metal/dielectric nanostructures

We investigate a modified surface wave splitter with a double-layer structure, which consists of symmetrical metallic grating and an asymmetrical dielectric, using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation method. The metal/dielectric interface structure at this two-side aperture can support bound waves of different wavelengths, thus guiding waves in opposite directions. The covered dielectric films play an important role in the enhancement and confinement of the diffraction wave by the waveguide modes. The simulation result shows that the optical intensities of the guided surface wave at wavelengths of 760-nm and 1000-nm are about 100 times and 4～5 times those of the weaker side, respectively, which means that the surface wave is split by the proposed device.     

Fano resonance in electronic transport induced by the magnetic confinement in a graphene nanoribbon

Based on the Floquet scattering theory, a model of graphene-based electronic device is presented, in which electrical transport is controlled by adjusting Dirac fermions energy near resonance conditions. The presence of an oscillating field leads to the Fano resonance in transport through a magnetic structure in an armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR). The Fano resonance originates from bound states of the magnetic confinement, according to subband indices in the AGNR. The ballistic conductance is markedly affected by the Fano resonance due to the quasi-one-dimensional nature of AGNRs. The results may help realizing graphene electronics with the resonant characteristics in the conductance.     

劈裂环-盘二聚体结构的多重Fano共振

利用时域有限差分方法,理论研究了由劈裂环和圆盘构成的金二聚体结构的光学性质,分析了劈裂环的缺口取向和对称性破缺程度对其Fano共振特性的影响.结果表明,当缺口方向平行于二聚体中心连线时,劈裂环的奇数阶和偶数阶模式均能与圆盘的偶极模式作用产生Fano共振,且随着劈裂环的进一步破缺,更多的偶数阶Fano共振能被激发出来;但...