纳米TiO2的微波水热法制备及其光催化性能研究

利用硫酸钛和尿素为主要原料,EDTA为控制剂,微波水热法制备得到TiO2纳米光催化剂颗粒,分析了TiO2纳米晶粒的形成机理。TEM、XRD、FT-IR、TG-DSC对所得的催化剂进行了结构表征。结果表明,TiO2纳米光催化剂颗粒具有粒径小、颗粒分散性好、纯度高等特性。进一步的研究表明,后续的热处理可以对TiO2纳米晶粒的晶相进行调节。光催化活性检测是以低浓度酸性大红3R水溶液为降解目标,结果表明,该TiO2催化剂表现出了较高的催化活性。     

微波加热反应制备纳米TiO2混晶及其光催化性能

微波加热反应制备纳米TiO2混晶及其光催化性能;纳米二氧化钛;混晶;微波加热;光催化性能     

微波法制备SO2-4/TiO2催化剂及其光催化氧化性能

采用微波法、混合加热法和常规加热法制备/TiO2催化剂,运用XRD、BET、DRS及LRS光 谱测定等技术对催化剂的结构进行了表征,并以光催化降解C2H4为模型反应考察了不同制备 方法对催化剂的光催化氧化反应性能的影响.研究结果表明,微波法制备的/TiO2催化剂的光 催化氧化性能得到明显改善,对乙烯转化率为80％,而混合加热法和常规加热法制备的样品乙 烯转化率分别为58％和41％.微波辐射制备的催化剂锐钛矿相含量高、比表面积大,光吸收阈 值增大;并且拉曼散射光谱向低波数方向移动,有助于增加光致电子的跃迁几率,提高多相光 催化过程的本征量子效率.     

微波辅助液相沉积法快速制备纳米氧化钛晶体

Anatase nanoparticles were successfully prepared via a facile microwave assisted liquid phase deposition （MW-LPD） process with hexafluorotitanate ammonium （NH4）2TiF6 as precursor. Compared with the conventional LPD processes, the MW-LPD technique could provide high yield quickly and crystallinity in a diluted precursor solution at a low temperature. The products were characterized by XRD and TEM. Their photocatalytic activities were also investigated by the photodegradation of methylene blue （MB） as a model molecule.     

微波水解法制备均分散α—Fe2O3纳米粒子的初步研究

微波水解法制备均分散α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３纳米粒子的初步研究＊汤勇铮（皖南医学院生化组芜湖２４１００１）张文敏＊＊（安徽师范大学化学系芜湖２４１０００）关键词微波辐照水解氧化铁中图分类号Ｏ６１４．８１１均分散氧化铁胶体粒子有着广泛的应用［１］，可以用作制备催...     

阳极氧化水解法制备TiO2纳米膜

TiO2在光电化学电池领域已成为比较重要的半导体材料，自从1972年，Fuishima和Honda首次把TiO2电极用于光电解水以来，人们已经使用多种方法，如化学气相沉积、TiO2粉的烧结、RF射频溅射、等离子体喷涂或用胶体TiO2涂膜等各种方法，来制备单晶（金红石），多晶（金红石、锐钛矿     

微波诱导等离子体热解法合成碳膜包裹的TiO2纳米微晶

微波诱导等离子体热解法合成碳膜包裹的ＴｉＯ２纳米微晶刘洪波（广东石油化工高等专科学校广东茂名５２５０００）洪品杰戴树珊（云南大学化学系云南昆明６５００９１）关键词微波诱导等离子体包裹碳膜ＴｉＯ２纳米微晶中图分类号Ｏ６１４．４１１近年来，对碳膜包裹型材...     

电化学法制备高热稳定性锐钛矿型纳米TiO2

以醇中加入少量有机腕导电盐作为电解液,以工业纯钛作“牺牲”阳性,控电流电解,可分别得到乙醇钛、异丙醇钛、正丁醇然等的相应醇溶液。然后直接水解,经溶胶－凝胶（Ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ）过程,形成凝胶前体,在４５０℃,７２０℃煅烧３０ｍｉｎ后,均得到高热稳定锐钛矿型（ａｎａｔａｓｅ）纳米ＴｉＯ２（１０ｎｍ左右）。通过ＦＴＩＲ,ＸＲＤ,ＴＥＭ等测试手段,对钛醇盐和纳米ＴｉＯ２进行了表征。本文同时讨论了不同钛醇盐制     

二次微波法制备纳米晶体TiO2 的工艺条件研究

采用二次微波辅助水热合成法制备了具有锐钛矿晶型的纳米晶体TiO2粉体.利用正交试验设计法研究了微波辐射方式(A),微波功率(B)和前驱溶液pH值(C)对TiO2晶体尺寸、形貌特征以及光催化活性的影响进行.研究结果表明,通过有效控制A～C可以制备出满足不同需要的纳米晶体TiO2.     

Silica sulfuric acid-catalyzed expeditious environment-friendly hydrolysis of carboxylic acid esters under microwave irradiation

Silica sulfuric acid was found to be an efficient, recoverable, reusable and environment-friendly catalyst for the fast hydrolysis of various carboxylic acid esters in high conversions and selectivities under microwave irradiation conditions. This protocol has the advantages of no corrosion, no environmental pollution, high reaction rate, high yield, and simple work-up procedure.     

Synthesis of nanosized silver colloids by microwave dielectric heating

Silver nanosized crystallites have been synthesized in aqueous and polyols viz., ethylene glycol and glycerol, using a microwave technique. Dispersions of colloidal silver have been prepared by the reduction of silver nitrate both in the presence and absence of stabilizer poly(vinylpyrolidone) (PVP). It was observed that PVP is capable of complexing and stabilizing Ag nanoparticles formed through the reduction of Ag⁺ ions in water and ethylene glycol. In the case of ethylene glycol, it has been shown that the use of PVP leads to particles with a high degree of stability. The colloids are stable in glycerol for months even in the absence of stabilizer.     

微波加热与常规加热方式下甲苯的裂解实验研究

为了减少生物质焦油含量,探索达到最优焦油脱除效果的操作条件,在固定床反应器上,考察了微波加热(MH)与常规加热(EH)方式下温度、反应气氛、停留时间对焦油模型化合物甲苯裂解的影响及气固产物特性。实验结果表明,甲苯转化率随裂解温度升高而升高;700℃下N2、水蒸气、CO2气氛下微波加热甲苯转化率为92.7%、97.8%、93.9%,常规加热条件下为59.2%、59.7%、59.4%;停留时间对甲苯裂解影响较小。甲苯裂解主要气体产物为H2,两种加热方式下H2选择性有较大差异,600℃~800℃微波加热比常规加热均高出约15%。甲苯裂解的主要固体产物为碳,常规加热下均为无定型裂解碳,微波加热下有少数特殊碳形态生成,电镜扫描发现为碳纳米管。另外,生物质焦的XRD分析表明,微波加热裂解甲苯的过程中存在"热点效应"。     

A clean analytical method for the spectrophotometric determination of formetanate incorporating an on-line microwave assisted hydrolysis step

A fast and completely automated procedure is proposed for the spectrophotometric determination of formetanate in waters by means of its reaction with p-aminophenol (PAP). The method involves the on-line alkaline hydrolysis of formetanate to m-aminophenol (MAP) and its reaction, in the presence of KIO₄ as oxidant agent, with the quinoneimine form of PAP, to form a blue indophenol dye which absorbs at 576 nm. The on-line hydrolysis can be carried out in a 6 m reaction coil located inside the cavity of a domestic microwave oven operated at 650 W, or in a 4 m reaction coil located inside the cavity of a Microdigest 301 microwave system operated at 60 W and allows us, in both cases, a complete hydrolysis of formetanate thus improving the complete automation of the analytical procedure. After the measurement step, the analytical waste is merged with a TiO₂ slurry and then detoxified by on-line UV-irradiation.     

Quantitative evaluation of amino acids using microwave accelerated hydrolysis

Summary An improved method for the quantitative determination of amino acids using HPLC, after preliminary derivatisation with o-phthalaldehyde, is described. Separation was carried out on a LiChrospher RP-18 column, using gradient elution and a fluorescence detector. Hydrolysis was performed with 6M HCl or with 3M p-toluenesulphonic acid depending on the amount of carbohydrates in the sample. In addition, the time required for total hydrolysis was shortened from 24 hours to 15 minutes by the use of a microwave oven. The results with these two hydrolytic methods are compared with regard to the extent of peptide bond cleavage and the percentage of decomposition of amino acids in a test mixture.     

[Amim]Cl离子液体中微波辐射加热促进稻草秸秆酸水解制备还原糖

在1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Amim]Cl)离子液体介质中,用微波辐射加热促进稻草秸秆纤维素的酸水解,探讨了微波辐射加热及离子液体对酸催化植物纤维素水解的促进作用;并对水解产物中的还原糖进行了测定,着重考察了离子液体用量、硫酸浓度、微波功率、反应温度、反应时间等因素对还原糖收率的影响.结果表明,在[Amim]Cl...     

A convenient strategy of dimerization by microwave heating and using 2,5-diketopiperazine as scaffold

A novel and convenient microwave-assisted dimerization of an active peptide compound using the DKPs as scaffold is described. The key reaction giving rise to the diketopiperazine scaffold is the intermolecular coupling. No epimerization was detected in the reactions used. Conventional and microwave heating of the reactions are compared. Synthesis by microwave irradiation gave the desired compounds in higher yields and in shorter reaction times than those obtained by conventional heating.     

Controlled microwave heating in modern organic synthesis

Although fire is now rarely used in synthetic chemistry, it was not until Robert Bunsen invented the burner in 1855 that the energy from this heat source could be applied to a reaction vessel in a focused manner. The Bunsen burner was later superseded by the isomantle, oil bath, or hot plate as a source for applying heat to a chemical reaction. In the past few years, heating and driving chemical reactions by microwave energy has been an increasingly popular theme in the scientific community. This nonclassical heating technique is slowly moving from a laboratory curiosity to an established technique that is heavily used in both academia and industry. The efficiency of "microwave flash heating" in dramatically reducing reaction times (from days and hours to minutes and seconds) is just one of the many advantages. This Review highlights recent applications of controlled microwave heating in modern organic synthesis, and discusses some of the underlying phenomena and issues involved.     

Development of novel synthetic method of carbon nanotubes from electrospun polystyrene fibers by using microwave heating

We have developed a novel synthetic method that enables us to easily synthesize metal‐capsulated carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in a laboratory by using a combined technology of electrospinning‐metallization and microwave heating. These techniques greatly shorten the time for the synthesis of the CNTs in comparison with the conventional methods. TEM analysis confirmed a successful formation of the CNTs, and the resulting CNTs were multi‐walled and found to be about 25–100 nm in diameters. The products prepared by heating at 600 and 900°C exhibited less‐developed and strongly curved CNTs, whereas the products prepared by heating at 700 and 800°C relatively well‐developed long CNTs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Phase and thermal stability of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite prepared via microwave heating

A simple method to prepare nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (nHAP) is performed using a precipitation method assisted with microwave heating method. This method can be reported notably with high reproducibility and productivity. The received ceramic powder possesses characteristic of needle-shaped nanocrystals with dimension about 50 nm in diameter and 200 nm in length. The particle size distribution has been confirmed being in the range of 28-159 nm. Thermal analyses revealed that nHAP has at least three thermal events influenced by elevated temperatures. Phase stability and microstructure evolution of the nHAP calcined at temperatures range between 700 and 1200 °C are discussed in terms of the formation of secondary phases, the decomposition of HAP releasing carbonate and water. Various experimental techniques have been employed in this work, including powder X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, DSC and TGA thermal analyses, dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy.