距离比较法构建M1受体激动剂药效团模型

在M1受体三维结构未知的情况下,利用距离比较法(DISCO)对24个具有Mi受体激动活性的化合物进行了研究,构建了Mi受体激动剂可能的药效团模型,为设计新M1受体激动剂提供了参考,并以此为提问结构在ACD数据库和中草药数据系统(TCMDB)中进行搜索,得到一系列结构新颖并可能具有Mi激动活性的化合物.     

毒蕈碱型M1受体的同源模建和分子对接

采用同源模建方法对M1受体的三维结构进行了模拟, 将得到的模型分别与M受体完全激动剂乙酰胆碱和M1受体选择性激动剂占诺美林进行分子对接, 形成非特异性激动和特异性激动的受体-配体复合物. 用分子动力学模拟方法分别将未与小分子对接的M1受体、M1受体-乙酰胆碱复合物、M1受体-占诺美林复合物置于磷脂双膜中模拟10 ns. 将模拟后的蛋白质结构与包含活性分子的测试库对接并将结果打分, 以top5%富集因子(EF)作为评价依据, 用占诺美林优化后的M1受体模型的EF为8.0, 用乙酰胆碱优化后M1受体模型的EF为6.5, 非复合物的EF为1.5. 说明M1受体选择性激动剂复合物进行分子动力学模拟后得到的三维结构模型比较合理, 可以作为化合物虚拟筛选的模型对新化合物进行虚拟筛选, 为找到新的选择性M1受体激动剂奠定了基础.     

毒蕈碱型M1受体的同源模建和分子对接

采用同源模建方法对M1受体的三维结构进行了模拟,将得到的模型分别与M受体完全激动剂乙酰胆碱和M1受体选择性激动剂占诺美林进行分子对接,形成非特异性激动和特异性激动的受体-配体复合物.用分子动力学模拟方法分别将未与小分子对接的M1受体、M1受体-乙酰且H碱复合物、M1受体-占诺美林复合物置于磷脂双膜中模拟10 ns.将模拟后的蛋白质结构与包含活性分子的测试库对接并将结果打分,以top5%富集因子(EF)作为评价依据,用占诺美林优化后的M1受体模型的EF为8.0,用乙酰胆碱优化后M1受体模型的EF为6.5,非复合物的EF为1.5.说明M1受体选择性激动剂复合物进行分子动力学模拟后得到的三维结构模型比较合理,可以作为化合物虚拟筛选的模型对新化合物进行虚拟筛选,为找到新的选择性M1受体激动剂奠定了基础.     

PPAR激动剂的定向设计、虚拟筛选及合成

过氧化物酶体增殖因子活化受体(PPAR)是核受体超家族的一员.基于受体结构的药物分子设计与组合化学策略相结合,构建了过氧化物酶体增殖因子活化受体(PPAR)激动剂的虚拟化合物库.将已知小分子配体(GW409544)与PPAR晶体复合物进行剥离,得到受体的活性构象,并利用此活性受体分子与虚拟库中小分子进行对接和虚拟筛选,得到理论上结合较强的化合物,并对这些化合物进行合成,共合成9个新化合物.活性筛选结果显示化合物对PPAR具有一定的亲和力,其中有三个化合物显示出对PPARα,PPARγ的双重激动作用,从而指导新活性化合物的设计和合成.     

4-（1-芳基-3-烃基-3-氧代丙胺基）-M（5-甲基-3-异噁唑基）苯磺酰胺的合成与抗糖尿病活性的初步研究

为寻找新型高效低毒的过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）激动剂,通过Mannich反应一步合成了13个含有磺胺甲噁唑结构单元的未见报道的β-氨基酮衍生物,收率为39．8％-92．5％．化合物的结构通过IR,^1H NMR,^13C NMR,ESIMS和HRMS表征．生物活性测试结果表明,化合物1a能够显著激活PPAR反应元件．文中还对合成反应条件及化合物结构一活性关系进行了初步讨论．     

新型苯丙氨酸三肽衍生物的合成及其抗乙肝病毒活性

以具有抗HBV活性的苯丙氨酸二肽化合物马蹄金素(MTS)为先导化合物,设计并合成了23个新型的苯丙氨酸三肽衍生物（4a~4h, 5, 6a, 6b和8a~8k）,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)表征。采用HepG2 2.2.15细胞为乙肝病毒载体,评价了目标化合物的抗HBV活性。结果表明：化合物5（IC₅₀=2.98 μM）、 6b（IC₅₀=0.62 μM）和8k（IC₅₀=5.07 μM）对HBV DNA复制的抑制活性优于MTS（IC₅₀=11.16 μM）。     

金属间化合物电催化剂Pt1Te1/XC-72的制备及其电催化氧化甲醇性能

以氯铂酸和亚碲酸钠为前驱体,采用两步法在醇水体系下得到负载型Pt1Te1金属间化合物前驱体,通过热处理得到负载型金属间化合物电催化剂Pt1Te1/XC-72.采用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、选区电子衍射（SAED）、电子能谱（EDS）和循环伏安方法（CV）对催化剂进行表征.结果表明：所得产物呈有序金属间化合物Pt1Te1结构,平均粒径4.5nm,在碳载体上具有很好的分散性;负载型金属间化合物电催化剂Pt1Te1/XC-72具有较高的电催化氧化甲醇活性,其优秀的催化氧化甲醇活性与Pt形成金属间化合物后所带来的几何及电子结构改变密切相关.     

4-(3-(4-羟基苯基)-3-氧代-1-芳基丙氨基)-N-(5-甲基异唑-3-基)苯磺酰胺的合成及其抗糖尿病活性

由磺胺甲唑、对羟基苯乙酮和芳香醛反应直接合成了13个未见报道的β-氨基酮,反应选择性发生在羰基α位。产物结构通过1HNMR、13CNMR、MS进行了表征。生物活性试验显示,低浓度范围,所得化合物不仅对蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B)和α-葡萄糖苷酶有一定抑制活性,而且对过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体反应元件(PPRE)具有中等强度的激动活性,8个化合物的激动活性超过40%,其中化合物11的活性达到72.7%。     

新型小分子GLP-1受体别构调节剂的合成及其活性

GLP-1受体激动剂作为Ⅱ型糖尿病患者的有效用药，对中枢及外周神经系统也有良好的保护作用，在阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病等神经系统疾病的治疗中表现出潜在应用价值。以小分子GLP 1受体别构调节剂为先导化合物，通过系统的结构优化，设计并合成了14个新型的吲哚并吡啶酮类化合物，其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI)表征。并评价了化合物对GLP-1受体的作用。结果表明：部分化合物对GLP-1(7-36)或GLP-1(9-36)具有一定的别构调节作用。     

CCK1受体的同源模拟和分子对接研究

采用同源建模法对CCK1受体的三维结构进行了模拟,并采用分子动力学方法对模型进行修正和优化,再采用与训练集激动剂和拮抗剂分子对接的方法分别得到激动状态和拮抗状态CCK1受体的三维结构模型。得到的模型使用DOCK对接软件对训练集中的分子进行对接,所得结果与其实际活性拟合度较好,说明我们建立的激动和拮抗状态下的CCK1受体的三维结构模型比较合理,可以作为化合物虚拟筛选的模型对新化合物进行虚拟筛选。     

Antagonist binding in the rat muscarinic receptor A study by docking and X-ray crystallography

A series of agonists to the rat muscarinic receptor have been docked computationally to the active site of a homology model of rat M1 muscarinic receptor. The agonists were modelled on the X-ray crystal structure of atropine, which is reported here and the docking studies are shown to reproduce correctly the order of experimental binding affinities for the agonists as well as indicate where there appear to be inconsistencies in the experimental data. The crystal and molecular structure of atropine (tropine tropate; -[hydroxymethyl]benzeneacetic acid 8-methyl[3.2.1]oct-3-yl ester C₁₇H₂₃NO₃) has been determined by X-ray crystallography using an automated Patterson search method, and refined by full-matrix least-squares to a final R of 0.0452 for 2701 independent observed reflections and 192 parameters using Mo K radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å at 150 K. The compound crystallises in space group Fdd2 with Z = 16 molecules per unit cell.     

Synthesis of urea acetates as potential PPARα/γ dual agonists

In the quest for novel PPARα/γ dual agonists as putative drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia, we designed and synthesized a series of urea acetates as potential PPARα/γ dual agonists. The structure of the target compounds, intermediates were characterized by ^1H N-MR, HRMS.     

Synthesis of urea acetates as potential PPARα/γ,dual agonists

In the quest for novel PPARα/γ dual agonists as putative drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia,we designed and synthesized a series of urea acetates as potential PPARα/γ dual agonists.The structure of the target compounds,intermediates were characterized by 1H NMR,HRMS.     

Synthesis of 2-and 5-(1,1-Dimethyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridinium-3-yl)oxadiazoline Iodides

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New sulfonate composite functionalized with multiwalled carbon nanotubes with cryogel solid‐phase extraction sorbent for the determination of β‐agonists in animal feeds

A new mixed‐mode cation‐exchange sulfonate composite functionalized with multiwalled carbon nanotubes with polyvinyl alcohol cryogel was fabricated and used for the first time as a solid‐phase extraction sorbent for the determination of β‐agonists in animal feeds. Feed samples were extracted with 0.20 M phosphoric acid and methanol (1:4, v/v) using ultrasonication, cleaned‐up using the developed sorbent to which the β‐agonists bound then finally eluted with 5.0% ammonia in methanol and analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Various parameters that affected the extraction efficiency were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the developed sorbent strongly interacted with β‐agonists by cationic exchange and hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, that provided a high extraction efficiency in the range of 92.8 ± 3.7–104.4 ± 2.3% over a range of 0.04–2.0 mg/kg for salbutamol and ractopamine, and 0.40–8.0 mg/kg for clenbuterol. The relative standard deviations were less than 6.0%. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of β‐agonists in various types of animal feed and effectively reduced any matrix interference.     

Synthesis of 2— and 5—（1,1—Dimethy1—,2,5,6—tetrahydropyridinium—3—yl）oxadiazoline Iodides

A series of 2- and 5-(1,1-Dimethy1-,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridinium-3-yl)oxadiazoline Iodides,which might be used as M1 muscarinic receptor agonists,was synthesized from nicotinaldehyde and nicotinhydrazine,respectively.Their structures were characterized by ^1H NMR,IR,MS spectra and elemental analysis.     

Agonist–PPARγ interactions: Molecular modeling study with docking approach

Docking simulation of 18 agonists with the ligand binding pocket (LBP) of PPARγ has been performed. The binding conformations and binding affinities of these agonists were obtained by use of the flexible docking protocol FlexX. Test compound calculations indicated that FlexX can reproduce the binding conformation of the crystal structure (root mean square deviation = 1.43 Å); moreover, the predicted binding affinities correlate well with the activities of these agonists. The interaction model and pharmacophore of PPARγ agonists were derived and the difference in biologic activities of these agonists can be well explained. The PPARγ agonists must have both polar head and the hydrophobic tail, which form hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic contacts with hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of the LBP of PPARγ, respectively. In addition, a suitable linker is also necessary. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 93: 405–410, 2003     

Structure-Functions Relationships of the Benzodiazepine and Serotonine Receptors Ligands

Abstract

States of anxiety and fear are controlled in organism by GABA-ergic and serotonine- ergic systems. Concepts about the structure and functions of GABA_A receptor channel, benzodiazepine and serotonine receptors have been considered. Structural and conformational peculiarities of ligands of these receptors determine their role (agonists, antagonists, inverse agonists, partial agonists, partial inverse agonists) at the formation of supramolecular complexes ?ligand-receptor’ and, as a result, pharmacological effects of ligands.     

A categorical structure–activity relationship analysis of GPR119 ligands

The categorical structure–activity relationship (cat-SAR) expert system has been successfully used in the analysis of chemical compounds that cause toxicity. Herein we describe the use of this fragment-based approach to model ligands for the G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119). Using compounds that are known GPR119 agonists and compounds that we have confirmed experimentally that are not GPR119 agonists, four distinct cat-SAR models were developed. Using a leave-one-out validation routine, the best GPR119 model had an overall concordance of 99%, a sensitivity of 99%, and a specificity of 100%. Our findings from the in-depth fragment analysis of several known GPR119 agonists were consistent with previously reported GPR119 structure–activity relationship (SAR) analyses. Overall, while our results indicate that we have developed a highly predictive cat-SAR model that can be potentially used to rapidly screen for prospective GPR119 ligands, the applicability domain must be taken into consideration. Moreover, our study demonstrates for the first time that the cat-SAR expert system can be used to model G protein-coupled receptor ligands, many of which are important therapeutic agents.