微量量热法研究增溶性辅料吐温80对红细胞生理活性的影响

建立灵敏、专属性较好地表征增溶性辅料吐温80对红细胞生理活性影响的评价方法.采用微量量热法以生命体能量代谢特征参数衰亡速率常数(k)、最大热功率(Pmax)、总发热量(Q)、衰亡时间(t)为评价指标,考察增溶性辅料吐温80作用下红细胞的能量动态变化过程.结果表明,随着吐温80浓度(C)的增大,红细胞生长代谢特征参数总发热量(Q)降低、最大热功率(Pmax)增强、衰亡时间(t)减小、衰亡速率常数(k)减小,Q,k与ln C间量效关系良好(相关系数r>0.95);不同厂家吐温80作用于红细胞的总发热量(Q)存在显著性差异(P<0.05).与肉眼观察法、分光光度法、细胞计数等常规方法比较,微量量热法较能实时在线、全息地监测增溶性辅料对红细胞生理活性的动态过程,尤其是对亚致死效应细胞测定的分辨能力.该法可用于增溶性辅料吐温80质量标准的生物测定,亦为红细胞能量代谢等相关研究提供了实验参考.     

微量量热法研究増溶性辅料吐温80对红细胞生理活性的影响

建立灵敏、专属性较好地表征増溶性辅料吐温80对红细胞生理活性影响的评价方法.采用微量量热法以生命体能量代谢特征参数衰亡速率常数(k)、最大热功率(Pmax)、总发热量(Q)、衰亡时间(t)为评价指标,考察增溶性辅料吐温80作用下红细胞的能量动态变化过程.结果表明,随着吐温80浓度(C)的增大,红细胞生长代谢特征参数总发热量(Q)降低、最大热功率(Pmax)增强、衰亡时间(t)减小、衰亡速率常数(k)减小,Q,k与lnC间量效关系良好(相关系数r0.95);不同厂家吐温80作用于红细胞的总发热量(Q)存在显著性差异(P0.05).与肉眼观察法、分光光度法、细胞计数等常规方法比较,微量量热法较能实时在线、全息地监测增溶性辅料对红细胞生理活性的动态过程,尤其是对亚致死效应细胞测定的分辨能力.该法可用于增溶性辅料吐温80质量标准的生物测定,亦为红细胞能量代谢等相关研究提供了实验参考.     

改性丙烯酸乳液合成及性能研究

通过核壳乳液聚合法合成了烷基丙烯酸酯磷酸酯改性的丙烯酸乳液,讨论了聚合温度、乳化剂、磷酸酯的加入方式和用量、pH值等因素对乳液合成以及涂膜性能的影响。结果表明:聚合温度控制在75～80℃之间较为合适,使用了烷基丙烯酸酯磷酸酯进行改性的乳液,单体转化率和固含量提高,凝胶率以及涂膜吸水率明显下降,乳液的稳定性得到提升。当聚合温度为78℃,磷酸酯占单体总质量0.5%(wt)、反应体系pH值在5左右以及采用延后滴加磷酸酯单体的方式时,能够提高乳液耐水等性能以及涂膜的交联度,合成性能优异的磷酸酯改性丙烯酸乳液。     

土壤中硫化物的分析方法研究

硫化物作为土壤中常见的污染物在酸性环境中会生成H_2S,造成环境污染,研究中根据环境质量要求分别针对土壤中易解析的硫化物、酸可溶解性硫化物、酸难溶性硫化物建立了相应的分析测定方法。硫化物分别在磷酸(1+1)、浓硫酸、盐酸(9.8mol/L)作用下形成硫化氢,硫化氢随氮气进入装有乙酸锌吸收液的吸收瓶中,生成硫化锌沉淀,以碘量法定量。结果表明:酸难溶性硫化物的实际样品加标回收率为86%~98%;酸溶性硫化物的实际样品加标回收率为83%~91%,空白加标回收率为92%~97%。精密度实验中,酸溶性硫化物相对标准偏差为6.4%~8.3%。沙土、花园土、黄土、稻田土中酸难溶性硫化物的相对标准偏差分别为2.6%、4.0%、5.5%、5.8%。方法精密度和准确度满足分析要求,可以用来评估土壤中的硫化物污染问题,也可以了解不同类型硫化物的污染情况。     

关于溶解性表的修正和一些应用的说明

用计算说明了在水中不存在碳酸铁(Ⅲ)和碳酸铜(Ⅱ)。在水溶液中易溶性镁盐与碳酸钠反应的产物是碱式碳酸镁(3MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·3H2O)。计算指明在水溶液中易溶性镁盐与碳酸氢钠反应才能得到碳酸镁。     

POSS基杂化含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物涂膜的表面相分离与疏水性研究

采用自由基溶液聚合法成功合成了多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)基杂化含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物,并采用核磁共振仪(NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱仪(GPC)表征了共聚物,其中POSS和含氟单体分步加入到反应中.首先将共聚物溶解到三氟三氯乙烷(F113)和乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂中配制成溶液,然后通过直接在玻璃片上滴落共聚物溶液制备了共聚物涂膜.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和接触角测量仪考察了F113和乙酸乙酯的配比对共聚物涂膜表面形貌、表面元素组成、表面粗糙度以及表面疏水性的影响.实验数据表明POSS在表面能够聚集成纳米颗粒并能极大增强涂膜表面粗糙度和疏水性.共聚物表面同时存在POSS聚集与有机相微相分离两类相分离行为,并形成了复合粗糙结构.虽然POSS和含氟段竞争迁移到表面,但是随着混合溶剂中F113的增多,涂膜表面含氟量越来越多,同时POSS在表面的聚集体越来越少,表面平均粗糙度越来越小,最终涂膜的疏水性越来越强,这说明F113有助于提升氟的趋表迁移能力,使涂膜表面含氟链段占据较多的表面空间,从而抑制了POSS在表面聚集分布.当使用纯F113作为溶剂时,共聚物涂膜的表面氟含量为45.25%,平均粗糙度为93.4 nm,此时静态水接触角最大为135.0?,表现出优异的疏水性.     

POSS基杂化含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物涂膜的表面相分离与疏水性研究王鹏金云皮丕辉文秀芳徐守萍程江

采用自由基溶液聚合法成功合成了多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)基杂化含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物,并采用核磁共振仪(NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱仪(GPC)表征了共聚物,其中POSS和含氟单体分步加入到反应中.首先将共聚物溶解到三氟三氯乙烷(F113)和乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂中配制成溶液,然后通过直接在玻璃片上滴落共聚物溶液制备了共聚物涂膜.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和接触角测量仪考察了F113和乙酸乙酯的配比对共聚物涂膜表面形貌、表面元素组成、表面粗糙度以及表面疏水性的影响.实验数据表明POSS在表面能够聚集成纳米颗粒并能极大增强涂膜表面粗糙度和疏水性.共聚物表面同时存在POSS聚集与有机相微相分离两类相分离行为,并形成了复合粗糙结构.虽然POSS和含氟段竞争迁移到表面,但是随着混合溶剂中F113的增多,涂膜表面含氟量越来越多,同时POSS在表面的聚集体越来越少,表面平均粗糙度越来越小,最终涂膜的疏水性越来越强,这说明F113有助于提升氟的趋表迁移能力,使涂膜表面含氟链段占据较多的表面空间,从而抑制了POSS在表面聚集分布.当使用纯F113作为溶剂时,共聚物涂膜的表面氟含量为45.25%,平均粗糙度为93.4 nm,此时静态水接触角最大为135.0?,表现出优异的疏水性.     

含环氧侧基酚酞聚芳醚酮的合成及其自固化

由3,3′-双(4-羟基苯基)苯并吡咯酮(HPP)和4,4′-二氟二苯酮经亲核缩聚合成聚芳醚酮(PEK-H),再经与环氧氯丙烷(ECH)的亲核取代反应,制得了一种含量可控的环氧侧基酚酞聚芳醚酮(PEK-HE)。 改变ECH的投料量,可调控环氧侧基在聚合物中的含量。 采用FTIR、1H NMR和TGA等技术对聚合物进行了结构表征与性能测试,并考察了经自固化后聚合物涂膜的性能。 涂膜热稳定性较固化前明显提高,5%热失重温度均在450 ℃以上。 涂膜具有优异的热性能和机械性能：耐温(350±20) ℃;冲击强度高于100 kg·cm。     

一种具有可逆光加工特性的偶氮聚电解质的合成与表征

合成一种具有可逆光加工特性的偶氮聚电解质(PAA-AZ),用核磁、热分析、紫外-可见光谱、接触角及GPC等手段对其进行了结构和性能表征.PAA-AZ的旋涂膜用线偏振Ar+激光照射一段时间,在原子力显微镜(AFM)下观测其表面,膜表面形成了规整有序纳米尺寸的三维表面图案表面起伏光栅(起伏深度为100nm).用氦氖激光检测了PAA-AZ旋涂膜一级衍射效率与光照时间的关系.     

醇酸树脂固化过程的FTIR跟踪

本文用FTIR内标法跟踪观察了醇酸树脂的固化过程,选取1600cm~(-1)处的苯环振动峰作内标峰。结果表明,随着固化的进行,不饱和键递减,涂膜的羧基、羟基等含氧基团递增。固化过程的快慢同涂膜厚度有关,它是受氧扩散作用控制的。     

乙酰丙酮钛螯合物掺杂丙烯酸酯共聚物水溶胶

乙酰丙酮钛螯合物掺杂丙烯酸酯共聚物水溶胶;乙酰丙酮钛螯合物; 丙烯酸酯共聚物水溶胶;掺杂     

锆螯合物交联丙烯酸酯共聚物无皂水溶胶的研究Ⅱ锆螯合物与丙烯酸酯三元共聚物无皂水溶胶的交联反应

研究了三元丙炮酸酯共聚物（MMA／BA／AA）无皂水溶液中加入三乙醇胺锆螯合物对水溶胶及涂膜性能的影响，在水溶胶中，螯合物增加了共聚物的亲水性，改变了水溶胶的流变性、稳定性、表面张力、螯合物也提高了共聚物涂膜的耐水性，X光电子能谱（XPS）研究表明，在固化成膜过程中螯合物与共聚物发生交联反应，用IR、^1HNMR、DSC、TGA和UV等方法对其交联机理作了初步探讨。     

丙烯酸酯系水乳漆的螯合固化

本文研究了含螯合单体2-AAEMA的丙烯酸酯共聚物乳漆的窒温螯合交联,用~1H-NMR测定了共聚物中2-AAEMA的含量,IR研究了螯合交联物的结构;比较了五种金属盐(M~(2 ))和不同2-AAEMA含量的共聚物乳液的实际交联效果,并测定了固化产物的交联程度、漆膜耐水性、硬度和力学性能。     

Preparation of New Photosensitive ZrO2 Gel Films Using Hydroxyl-Substituted Aromatic Ketones as Chemical Modification Reagents and their Patterning

ZrO₂ gel films were prepared from zirconium tetra-n-butoxide chemically modified with one of hydroxyl-substituted aromatic ketones and 1′-hydroxy-2′-acetonaphthone, by the sol-gel method. The obtained gel film showed an absorption band, characteristic of the π-π* transition of chelate ring, at around 410 nm. The band was shifted to longer wavelength region than those for the gel films using β-diketones. The reason is thought that the hydroxyl-substituted aromatic ketone has π-electron system to form the condensed chelate ring. The absorption band associated with the chelate ring gradually decreased in intensity with UV-irradiation using a high pressure mercury lamp. This indicates that the chelate ring dissociates by the UV-irradiation and that the gel film exhibits photosensitivity. Utilizing the photosensitivity, fine patterns (about 1 μm) could be fabricated by UV-irradiation through a mask and leaching.     

Coupling of flow injection wetting-film extraction without segmentation and phase separation to flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of trace copper in water samples

A flow injection wetting-film extraction system without segmentor and phase separator has been coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry for the determination of trace copper. Isobutyl methyl ketone (MIBK) was selected as coating solvent and 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine) as the chelating reagent. By switching of a 8-channel valve and alternative initiation of two peristaltic pumps, MIBK, sample solution containing copper chelate of oxine, and air-segment sandwiched eluting solution (1.0 mol l⁻¹ nitric acid) were sequentially aspirated into an extraction coil made of PTFE tubing of 360 cm length and 0.5 mm i.d. The formation of organic film in the wall of the extraction coil, extraction of the copper chelate into the organic film and back-extraction of the analyte into the eluting solution occurred consecutively when these zones aspirated into the extraction coil were propelled down the extraction coil by a carrier solution at a flow rate of 2 ml min⁻¹. After leaving the extraction coil, the concentrated zone was transported to the nebulizer at its free uptake rate for atomization. Under the optimized conditions, an enrichment factor of 43 and a detection limit of 0.2 μg l⁻¹ copper were achieved at a sample throughput rate of 30 h⁻¹. Eleven determinations of a standard copper solution of 60 μg l⁻¹ gave a relative standard deviation of 1.5%. Foreign ions possibly present in tap water and natural water did not interfere with the copper determination. The developed method has been successfully used to the determination of copper content of tap water and river water.     

Thermal degradation behaviour of some metal chelate polymer compounds with bis(bidentate) ligand by TG/DTG/DTA

Seven novel divalent transitional metal chelate polymers compounds (commonly known as chelate compounds or metal coordination complexes or polymer complexes) have been characterized by thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal gravimetry (DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) methods. Thermal decomposition behaviour of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) polymers with terphthaoyl-bis(p-methoxyphenylcarbamide) has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at heating rate 10 °C min^?1 under nitrogen atmosphere. TG/DTA of chelate compounds were shown to be a stable compound against thermal decomposition which was measured on the basis of final decomposing temperature, but it is observed in some curves that decomposition takes place at low temperature due to the lattice water, which is always placed at outer coordination sphere of the central metal ion. The presence of both lattice and coordinated water were noteworthy investigated in Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) chelate polymer compounds, whereas lattice water found in Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II). However, Mn(II) showed only coordinated water. Thermal stabilities for release of lattice water, coordinated water and organic moiety that occur in sequential decomposition of chelate compounds are explained on the basis of ionic size effect and electronegativity. The processes of thermal degradation taking place in seven chelate polymers were studied comparatively by TG/DTG/DTA curves which indicating the difference in the thermal decomposition. Coats–Redfern integral method is used to determine the kinetic parameters for the successive steps in the decomposition sequence of TG curves. Scanning electron microscope images of some chelate polymers were shown in previous publication revealed that particle sizes of chelate polymers were found to be of nanomaterial level therefore, resulting chelate compounds might be called as nanomaterial.     

一种偶氮染料金属螯合物薄膜的光学特性研究

偶氮染料是一类广泛应用的纺织用有机染料^[1],近年来随着光电子技术的发展,偶氮染料作为非线性光学材料^[2]和光信息记录介质^[3]引起人们极大的兴趣.偶氮染料具有对光吸收大,容易制备,在有机溶剂中具有较高的溶解度而适用于湿法涂布等优点,可以作为可录光盘(CD-R)的记录介质.     

Preparation of new photosensitive Nb2O5 gel films modified with benzoylacetone and properties of heat-treated films

In this study, in order to develop a new photosensitive gel film, Nb₂O₅ gel films including a chelate ring were prepared by the sol?Cgel method. Photosensitive and patterning properties of the gel films were investigated. Properties such as refractive index for annealed films were also evaluated. In the electronic absorption spectra of the gel films, the absorption peak assigned a chelate ring was observed at 353?nm, this peak intensity decreased by UV irradiation. From this result, the obtained gel films exhibit photosensitivity. Fine patterns (minimal width of about 2???m) could be fabricated. It was found that the value of refractive index reaches a maximum of 2.25 for the film heat-treated at 800?°C.     

Tropolone,a ligand for a lipophilic chelate with technetium-99m

A lipophilic chelate formed from tropolone and^99mTc is described. Radiochemical yields of the chelate were 90–95%. The radiochemical purity of neutral chelate as determined by HPLC was greater than 95%. The octanol/water partition coefficient of the chelate was 3.2 Whole-body distribution studies of the labeled chelate were carried out in rats.     

聚丙烯表面接枝改性络合金的研究

探索了一种通过聚丙烯(PP)改性来络合金金属的新途径.首先在PP膜上经紫外光引发实施丙烯酸的接枝聚合反应,得到表面带—COOH基团的改性PP膜;再用负离子开环聚合的方法在改性后的PP膜上接枝尼龙6.上述处理后的膜表面含有大量O、N的功能基团,故可将此膜用于对溶液中金的络合.利用ATR、SEM、XPS等技术对改性及络合进行了表征.实验结果表明,此方法制备的PP膜对金的络合效果明显.