Time-Frequency Analysis of Geoacoustic Data Using Adaptive Matching Pursuit

Acoustical Physics - The paper presents the results of applying a developed approach based on sparse approximation methods for time–frequency analysis of geoacoustic data. A sparse...     

Developing Physical Bases for Low-Frequency Acoustic Tomography in the Arctic Shelf Using Fiberoptic Geophones

Principles of the design and operation of a fiber-optic geophone based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer for seismic monitoring of the Arctic Shelf when there is an ice cover are considered. The proposed approach to geophone design is based on the combined application of interferometric means of measuring and the spatial localization of the fiberoptic interferometer. The results from field experiments to test geophone prototypes are presented. It is shown that the seismic receiver’s threshold sensitivity of 10^?7 m s^?2 allows the recording of weak seismic signals in the area of the land–sea transition.     

Time-Domain Geoacoustic Inversion Based on Normal Incidence Reflection from Layered Sediment

We present a new geoacoustic inversion approach based on the stable inversion ot sediment acoustic impeaance from normal incident reflection data. The Hamilton empirical formulae are utilized to separate the impedance into velocity and density. The inverted results are evaluated by the measurement on the core samples. The predicted transmission losses （TLs） using the inverted results are in good agreement with the measured TLs from the explosive sources.     

Acoustic Communication Equipment for Monitoring the Operation of an Autonomous Hydroacoustic Bottom Station on the Shelf

Acoustical Physics - The paper presents the acoustic communication equipment with bottom stations of the Shelf-2014 hydroacoustic complex—built-in acoustic bottom station modems and a...     

Geoacoustic Inversion Using Time Reversal of Ocean Noise

We present a passive geoacoustic inversion method using two hydrophones, which combines noise interferometry and time reversal mirror(TRIM) techniques. Numerical simulations are firstly performed, in which strong focusing occurs in the vicinity of one hydrophone when Green's function(GF) is back-propagated from the other hydrophone, with the position and strength of the focus being sensitive to sound speed and density in the bottom.We next extract the GF from the noise cross-correlation function measured by two hydrophones with 8025-m distance in the Shallow Water '06 experiment. After realizing the TRM process, sound speed and density in the bottom are inverted by optimizing focusing of the back-propagated GF. The passive inversion method is inherently environmentally friendly and low-cost.     

利用浅海声场干涉条纹反演海底参数方法研究

浅海频散特性导致声场在距离-频率平面形成干涉条纹,该干涉条纹蕴含着声源以及海底信息。本文通过降噪、滤波等方法,提取船舶辐射噪声干涉条纹中距离域干涉准周期、波导不变量以及去扩展衰减系数(不考虑扩展损失后接收到噪声级随距离的衰减程度)三种特征量的观测值,基于无限均匀沉积层海底模型,采用简正波计算程序理论计算上述三种特征量作为拷贝,提出一种以模拟退火法作为搜索寻优策略的新的匹配反演海底参数的方法。海试数据处理结果表明,该方法反演估计所得海底密度、声速、衰减系数三参数用于浅海负跃层条件下的声场预报效果比较良好。     

Algorithm for Determining the Coordinates of a Hydroacoustic Source Using the Correlation Function of Its Signal

Acoustical Physics - Abstract—An algorithm for determining the coordinates (distance and depth) of a broadband signal source has been developed, which uses as the input data the parameters of...     

Display of Phosphorus-Containing Components on Low-Frequency Magnetic Resonance Images Using Double Magnetic Resonance

Applied Magnetic Resonance - One of the promising areas in MRI diagnostics is the mapping of the distribution of nuclei other than 1H. It is caused by the presence of such nuclei in molecules...     

Acoustic Diagnosis of Internal Waves on the Black Sea Shelf According to Tomographic Experiment Data

Acoustical Physics - On the northeastern shelf of the Black Sea in 2010, a tomographic experiment was carried out on the counterpropagation of phase-shift keyed acoustic signals. During the day,...     

针孔点背光技术实验

在“星光Ⅱ”装置上进行针孔点背光技术的演示实验.利用激光辐照φ50μm的小孔产生的堵孔效应使X光的脉宽缩短,起到类似于短脉冲点背光源的作用.另外利用成像方法,实验演示了由面背光方式获得点背光技术,称之为点针孔背光技术.实验结果表明：结合堵孔效应和点背光方式,能获得与点背光同样的结果,这样可以避开点背光对激光器较为苛刻的要求.     

Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Based on 1D-CNN Model

To satisfy the requirements of the end-to-end fault diagnosis of rolling bearings, a hybrid model, based on optimal SWD and 1D-CNN, with the layer of multi-sensor data fusion, is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the BAS optimal algorithm is adopted to obtain the optimal parameters of SWD. After that, the raw signals from different channels of sensors are segmented and preprocessed by the optimal SWD, whose name is BAS-SWD. By which, the sensitive OCs with higher values of spectrum kurtosis are extracted from the raw signals. Subsequently, the improved 1D-CNN model based on VGG-16 is constructed, and the decomposed signals from different channels are fed into the independent convolutional blocks in the model; then, the features extracted from the input signals are fused in the fusion layer. Finally, the fused features are processed by the fully connected layers, and the probability of classification is calculated by the cross-entropy loss function. The result of comparative experiments, based on different datasets, indicates that the proposed model is accurate, effective, and has a good generalization ability.     

Model Checking with Right Censored Data Using Relative Belief Ratio

Model checking is a topic of special interest in statistics. When data are censored, the problem becomes more difficult. This paper employs the relative belief ratio and the beta-Stacy process to develop a method for model checking in the presence of right-censored data. The proposed method for the given model of interest compares the concentration of the posterior distribution to the concentration of the prior distribution using a relative belief ratio. We propose a computational algorithm for the method and then illustrate the method through several data analysis examples.     

核磁共振实验原理及数据分析

从量子角度阐明了核磁共振的基本原理,测定了水和聚四氟乙烯的核磁共振频率,计算了对应样品的旋磁比。     

线性回归粗差点判别在大学物理实验数据处理中的应用

大学物理实验数据处理过程中变量之间的关系大多可以转化为一元线性回归问题,但实验测量数据中可能存在的粗差点会降低其结果的准确性。本文将一元线性回归曲线拟合与C语言程序相结合,采用线性回归粗差点判别法,实现粗差点的剔除,有效地提高判别结果的准确性。     

Transportation Mode Detection Using an Optimized Long Short-Term Memory Model on Multimodal Sensor Data

The advancement of sensing technologies coupled with the rapid progress in big data analysis has ushered in a new era in intelligent transport and smart city applications. In this context, transportation mode detection (TMD) of mobile users is a field that has gained significant traction in recent years. In this paper, we present a deep learning approach for transportation mode detection using multimodal sensor data elicited from user smartphones. The approach is based on long short-term Memory networks and Bayesian optimization of their parameters. We conducted an extensive experimental evaluation of the proposed approach, which attains very high recognition rates, against a multitude of machine learning approaches, including state-of-the-art methods. We also discuss issues regarding feature correlation and the impact of dimensionality reduction.     

Low-Frequency Dynamics of Charge Carriers in CuAlO2 Semiconductor According to NMR Data

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - The 63Cu and 27Al NMR spectra have been obtained on a polycrystalline CuAlO2 sample in external magnetic field H0 = 92.8 kOe in temperature range...     

NMR Experiments on Ion Permeation in Irradiated Model Membranes

In aqueous solutions of sonicated egg-lecithin vesicles (5 weight-%) the ¹H-NMR parameters line width, area, and chemical shift of the signal of the (CH₃)₃N⁺ group were determined in dependence on the dose of gamma radiation (0 … 12 kGy). The application of curopium ions made it possible, by means of a line shape analysis, to calculate these parameters for the inside as well as for the outside lipid layer.

With increasing ⁶⁰Co-radiation dose the line widths increase linearly. The line width for the outside lipid layer increases significantly more rapidly than for the inside layer. This fact allows us to conclude that there exists a preferred radiation damage of the outside lipid layer. The asymmetry may he a consequence of an indirect radiation action mediated by the radicals of the water radiolysis.

From the temporal change of the NMR parameters information can be obtained about the radiation action on transport processes in the vesicles. Beginning at a threshold value (approx. 5 kGy) the permeation of the En^{+ ++} ions to the (CH₃)₃N⁺ head groups previously not accessible increases significantly.     

Geoacoustic inversion based on reflection model of effective density fluid approximation

In order to obtain the physical and geoacoustic properties of marine sediments,an inverse method using reflection loss of different grazing angles is presented.The reflection loss is calculated according to the reflection model of effective density fluid approximation.A two-step hybrid optimization algorithm combining differential evolution and particle swarm optimization along with Bayesian inversion is employed in estimation of porosity,mean grain size,mass density and bulk modulus of grains.Based on the above physical parameters,geoacoustic parameters,including sound speed and attenuation,are further calculated.According to the numerical simulations,we can draw a conclusion that all the parameters can be well estimated with the exception of bulk modulus of grains.In particular,this indirect inverse method for bottom geoacoustic parameters performs high accuracy and strong robustness.The relative errors are 0.092%and 17%,respectively.Finally,measured reflection loss data of sandy sediments at the bottom of a water tank is analyzed,and the estimation value,uncertainty and correlation of each parameter are presented.The availability of this inverse method is verified through comparison between inverse results and part of measured parameters.     

酥梨货架期的高光谱成像无损检测模型研究

水果新鲜度是反映水果是否新鲜、饱满的重要品质指标,为了探讨水果不同货架期的预测和判别方法,以酥梨为研究对象,利用高光谱成像技术,结合偏最小二乘判别法（PLS-DA）和偏最小二乘支持向量机（LS-SVM）算法对酥梨货架期进行判别。由光源、成像光谱仪、电控位移平台和计算机等构成的高光谱成像装置采集样品光谱,装置光源采用额定功率为200 W四个溴钨灯泡成梯形结构设计,光谱范围为1 000～2 500 nm,分别率为10 nm。选取优质酥梨30个,货架期设置为1, 5和10 d,对30个样品完成3次光谱图像的采集,并矫正原始图像。实验结果表明：基于图像的酥梨货架期定性分析时,对不同货架期样品的原始图像进行PCA压缩,得到三种不同货架期的权重系数数据,PC1图像提取特征波长点为1 280,1 390,1 800,1 880和2 300 nm,以特征图像的平均灰度值作为自变量且以货架期作为因变量建立定性判别模型,建模集68个,预测集22个。最小二乘支持向量机以RBF为核函数时,预测集中样品的误判个数为1,误判率为4.5%。而当采用lin核函数时,样品的误判个数为0,误判率为0。PLS-DA定性分析时RMSEC为1.24,R_c为0.93。RMSEP为1,R_p为0.96,预测集误判率为0。特征图像对酥梨货架期判别LS-SVM中的lin核函数所建立的模型结果较好,优于RBF核函数的建模效果,也优于PLS-DA判别模型。ENVI软件提取实验样品光谱后建立LS-SVM和PLS-DA判别模型,LS-SVM利用RBF和lin核函数误判率分别为4.5%和0。与RBF核函数相比,lin核函数所建立的模型预测酥梨货架期的效果更好。PLS-DA方法主成分因子数为12,RMSEC和RMSEP分别为0.48和0.78,R_c和R_p分别为0.99和0.97,建模集与预测集的误判率均为零。LS-SVM中的lin核函数所建立的模型结果较好,依然优于PLS所建立的检测模型。酥梨的光谱信息结合LS-SVM可以实现对酥梨货架期的检测和判别。基于图像建立酥梨的货架期预测模型与光谱相比,都实现了酥梨货架期的判别,而特征图像法,选择区域较少流失部分信息,计算量小,建模结果相对略差。酥梨货架期的高光谱成像检测模型研究为消费者正确评价水果新鲜度提供了理论指导, 也为后期果水果货架期检测仪器的开发提供了技术支持。