Methods for Estimating the Reduced Noise of a Moving Monopole Source in Shallow Water

Acoustical Physics - The article demonstrates the possibility of evaluating the sound pressure reduced to the free space created by towed tonal emitters during signal reception from a...     

Interference Method for Estimating the Coordinates of a Moving Noise Source in Shallow Water Using High-Frequency Signals

Acoustical Physics - The article presents the results of a high-frequency experiment to localize a moving noise source using a cylindrical small-sized vector–scalar array....     

A Source for Fuel Supply to a Fusion Reactor Core

We present the results of studies of the plasma source based on the coaxial accelerator with the slothole channel geometry for plasma acceleration and working gas inlet into the accelerator via the electrodynamic valve. The plasma parameters at the output of the accelerator are measured. The slot-hole channel of the accelerator created higher jet pressure, as compared to the coaxial channel, especially at large distances from the source. The jet pressure reached 10⁶ N/m² at a distance of 0.7 m. The source created moderately pure plasma for a current below 80 kA. The density was (2.5–5) × 10²² m^–3, which was higher than the density obtained with the coaxial gun.     

A Volt-Second Source for Calibration of Integrator in a Pulsed Field Magnetometer

A volt--second (Vs) source intended for absolutely calibrating the integrator in a pulsed field magnetometer (PFM) is designed and proven to be with accurate rising and falling edges and reasonable lower uncertainty. A comparison experiment shows that the difference between the magnetic fluxes generated respectively by the Vs source and the mutual inductor is within ±0.04%. The PFM is then calibrated in an absolute way of the Vs source. The calibrated PFM gives the measured results in good agreement with a static BH tracer supplied by National Institute of Metrology of China and provides a convenient way of studying the effect of mathematic process on the dynamic measuring curve of PFMs.     

UV Radiation Source Based on the Plasma of a Glow Discharge in a Mixture of Helium with Water Vapors

The results on the optical characteristics of the glow–discharge plasma in an He/H₂O mixture are presented. It has been established that it is a source of UV radiation in the region 306–315 nm (_max = 309.6 nm). Radiation lines of the atoms of hydrogen (H 486.1 nm and H 656.3 nm) and helium (491.1, 501.1, 587.6, and 667.8 nm) were recorded in the visible region of the spectrum; they can be used as diagnostic lines in measuring the parameters of this plasma (n _e, T _e) by the method of emission spectroscopy. The intensity of the UV bands and of the spectral lines HI and HeI have been optimized depending on the partial pressure of helium and the discharge current. The results obtained are of interest for the development of an ecologically pure source of UV radiation on the basis of chemiluminescence of water vapors in a longitudinal glow discharge.     

Revisiting the Choice of a Nuclear Power Source for the Arctic

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - The possibility of creating a practically maintenance-free reactor facility with a thermoelectric generator or a Stirling engine with a capacity of 1 to 500 kWe and a...     

Verification of a New Model of the Irradiance Distribution from a Unidirectional Point Source in Water Using the Monte Carlo Method

Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics - We study the spatio-angular structure of a nonstationary light field produced in seawater by a unidirectional point source. The calculation results obtained...     

新型三段高性能的长波段掺铒光纤超荧光光源的研究

提出了一种第一段无泵浦、第二段前向泵浦和第三段后向泵浦的三段级联掺铒光纤超荧光光纤光源的新结构.数值分析了泵浦光波长、铒光纤长度以及泵浦比例对新结构性能的影响.结果表明可以找到一组适合制作成本低廉、输出功率高、谱平坦的长波段掺铒光纤超荧光光源.     

ECR源的新工作模式

叙述了兰州重离子加速器ＥＣＲ２源所使用的新工作模式的条件、特点及高电荷态离子束的输出性能，给出了对该模式特点的初步分析．     

一台用于空间状态模拟的紧凑型质子源

A compact proton beam source for space simulation has been developed.A compact structure was designed in order to meet the special requirements of miniaturization.Some particular means have been adopted for improving the proton portion and beam transmission at a long distance.The experimental results showed that 8mA/30keV proton beam can be successfully obtained from this source at about 700W input microwave power.     

A Quasi-One-Dimensional Model for a Chain of Water Molecules on the Nanometer Scale

Water confined into the interior channels of narrow carbon nanotubes or transmembrane proteins can form collectively oriented molecular chains held together by tight hydrogen bonds. We develop a quasi-one-dimensional model for a chain of water molecules which interact with each other via the Coulomb and power-like repulsive interactions. We explore the equilibrium property of the water chain and derive an exact analytical expression for the total interaction energy of the water chain, denoted by W（0）int. It is found that W（0）int is minimal when the distance between the two neighboring water molecules in a hydrogen-bonded chain is equal to 0.265 nm. The model is expected to be useful for studying analytically the properties of single-file water molecules inside water channels, such as the concerted motion of water molecules.     

GC/MS分析银川市某水厂水源水、出厂水中的微量有机污染物质

采用XAD-2树脂富集,GC-MS分析宁夏银川市菜水厂水源水、出厂水中的微量有机污染物.水源水中有29种微量有机污染物以苯系物,氯乙烯、直链烷烃和多环芳烃、邻苯二甲酸酯类为主；出厂水中有王8种微量有机污染物以酮类、直链烃和邻苯二甲酸酯类为主.研究结果表明银川市水源水已受到有机物的污染,应积极采取饮用水深度处理技术,生产出更加优质的饮用永.     

LIF和CNN的矿井突水水源类型判别

矿井进入深部开采过程中,突水威胁分别来自顶板老空水和底板高压岩溶水。煤矿突水水源类型的在线识别能够预警煤矿水害,是矿井水害防治关键环节,对煤矿安全生产具有积极意义。代表离子法作为传统的煤矿突水水源类型识别方法,需要深入现场采集水样,密封处理后在实验室检测水样中7种典型的无机离子浓度,计算得到突水评价因子。这种存在检测周期过长、样品易被污染以及预警响应滞后、无法在线判别等不利因素。针对代表离子法方法的不足,提出了一种基于激光诱导荧光（LIF）和卷积神经网络(CNN)的矿井突水水源判别模型。首先,针对淮南矿业集团新集二矿的4种水体,2016年6月-2017年6月期间分批次取得161组水源样本,其中采空区积水46条,砂岩水59条,太灰水42条和奥灰水14条。用LIFS-405激光诱导荧光系统发射的405 nm激光检测水样,水体受激后得到突水水样的荧光光谱。主成分分析得到前10个主成分累计贡献率不足85%,4种水样无法有效直接辨识。针对该问题和水样荧光光谱中的随机高频波动干扰,采用一阶滞后滤波方法抑制波动频率较高的周期性干扰;针对线判别分析对数据更新率的要求,采用递推平均方法;在此基础上,提出了一种改进的递推平均一阶滞后平滑滤波方法,并对滤波处理后的荧光光谱进行自相关计算,得到二维自相关荧光光谱特征图。实验表明,采用改进后的滤波法处理方法,计算得到的4种测试水样的二维荧光光谱图较好的滤除了噪声干扰,并表现了出了明显的差异性。针对二维自相关荧光光谱特征图,构建了基于卷积神经网络（CNN）的突水水源类型判别模型,用于判别突水水源类型。该方法采用深度学习的模型框架,直接对二维自相关荧光光谱特征图进行识别,有效避免了PCA降维的片面性。理论分析和实验结果表明：该模型对水源类型的准确识别率达到了98%,是一种有效的矿井突水水源类型判别方法,为在线矿井突水水源类型判别方法提供了新的思路。     

小尺寸平面源的误差精确分析

基于Helmholtz方程的严格远场解和源的“误差面积”描述方法,讨论了大发散角光辐射远场振幅和相位对于源包络扰动的依赖关系,讨论了由于源振幅扰动而产生的远场误差,建立了一种恰当的描述远场误差的方法.模拟实验表明,在“相对误差面积”的基础上,可以结合利用“离轴距离”来精确描述源误差和分析远场误差,利用“判据点”可以判断离轴误差的存在.     

High-Power Ion Beam Characteristics of a Magnetic Multi-Pole Line-Cusp Ion Source for the HL-2A Tokomak

A circular magnetic multi-pole line-cusp ion source with a nominal 45 keV 25 A hydrogen ion beam is developed for the neutraJ beam injector of the HL-2A tokomak. At present, this bucket ion source can produce a 40 keV 20 A hydrogen ion beam for less than lOOms on a test bed, and a 35 ke V 13A ion beam for 300ms on the injector of the HL-2A tokomak. The 1/e half-width of the ion beam power profile is about 6.0 ± 0.2 em at the positionof 3.26m downstream from ion source, and the corresponding divergence degree is nearly 1.1. The optimum perveance matched conditions were obtained experimentally, and were in good agreement with the values from experiential equation of Uhlemann et al. The maximum of optimum perveance reached 2.2 × 10^-6 A/V^1.5 for 38 keV beam energy. An ion beam with above 60% H^＋ species fraction can be achieved, which was measured by Ha light Doppler shift spectroscopy. According to research results, a neutral beam with a total power of more than 0.6 MW was successfully injected into the plasma of the HL-2A Tokomak in 2008.     

A Conservative Version of the Method of Characteristics with a Floating Grid in Problems of Gas Dynamics

Doklady Physics - Test calculations of the motion and reflection of individual waves in a long tube have been performed applying newly developed and known schemes with a floating grid. Waves in the...     

Source Ranging Using Ensemble Convolutional Networks in the Direct Zone of Deep Water

Using deep convolutional neural networks as primary learners and a deep neural network as meta-learner, source ranging is solved as a regression problem with the ensemble learning method. Simulated acoustic data from the acoustic propagation model are used as the training data. Real data from an experiment in the South China Sea are used as the test data to demonstrate the performance. The results indicate that in the direct zone of deep water, signals received by a very deep receiver can be used to estimate the range of underwater sound source.Within 30 km, the mean absolute error of the range predictions is 1.0 km and the mean absolute percentage error is 7.9%.     

Inverse Problem for the Wave Equation with a White Noise Source

We consider a smooth Riemannian metric tensor g on \({\mathbb{R}^n}\) and study the stochastic wave equation for the Laplace-Beltrami operator \({\partial_t^2 u - \Delta_g u = F}\) . Here, F = F(t, x, ω) is a random source that has white noise distribution supported on the boundary of some smooth compact domain \({M \subset \mathbb{R}^n}\) . We study the following formally posed inverse problem with only one measurement. Suppose that g is known only outside of a compact subset of M ^int and that a solution \({u(t, x, \omega_0)}\) is produced by a single realization of the source \({F(t, x, \omega_0)}\) . We ask what information regarding g can be recovered by measuring \({u(t, x, \omega_0)}\) on \({\mathbb{R}_+ \times \partial M}\) ? We prove that such measurement together with the realization of the source determine the scattering relation of the Riemannian manifold (M, g) with probability one. That is, for all geodesics passing through M, the travel times together with the entering and exit points and directions are determined. In particular, if (M, g) is a simple Riemannian manifold and g is conformally Euclidian in M, the measurement determines the metric g in M.