多变点过程的随机控制

用鞅论方法来研究多变点过程及其随机控制已引起人们注意。P.Bremaud在这方面作了许多工作.A.F.Martins-Neto与E.Wong用鞅论方法研究了排队问题.R.Boel与 P.P.Varaiya在 1977年的一篇文章中讨论了一个较为一般的跳过程最优控制模型.M.H.A.Davis与R.J.Elliott对[3]的工作作了改进,建立了跳过程最优控制的极小值原理.R.Rishel,S.R.Pliska等人用不同的方法得到类似结果.     

世界数学家大会(2002)卫星会议会讯

International Congress of Mathematical Software. Beijing. Aug. 1719.Contast:xgao@mmrc. iss. ac. cn; zliu@mmrc. iss. ac. ca. Wibsite: http: / /www. mathsoftware.org/Operator Algebras and Applications. Chengde. Aug.14-18.Contact: chengde@O AinChina. org; hxlin@cartan. uoregon. edu. Website: http: / /www. O AinChina. orgDifferential Geometry and Global Analysis. Tianjin. Aug.17-18.Contact: weiping@sun. nankai .edu. cnMathematical Biology Guilin. Aug.15-18.Contact: gxnu@public. glptt. …     

D.C.隶属函数模糊集及其应用(I)--D.C.隶属函数模糊集基本概念与性质

本文是D.C.隶属函数模糊集及其应用系列研究的第一部分.建立了D.C.隶属函数模糊集的基本概念.探讨了D.C.隶属函数模糊集的基本性质和D.C.隶属函数模糊集对一些常见的重要t模、余模和伪补的封闭性.并以此建立了丰富的模糊数学应用模型.     

2003年中考数学模拟试题(1)

一、选择题 (本大题满分 3 6分 ,每小题各 3分 )1 .-2的相反数的倒数是 (　 ) .Ａ . 2　　Ｂ .22 　　Ｃ .-22 　　Ｄ .22 .计算 (ｘ2 ) 3÷ (ｘ3) 2 的结果是 (　 ) .Ａ .0　　Ｂ .-ｘ　　Ｃ .ｘ　　Ｄ .13 .下列各式中 ,正确的是 (　 ) .Ａ . 2 5 =± 5　　　Ｂ . ( -3 ) 2 =-3Ｃ .ａ3+ａ3=ａ6 　　　Ｄ .|-2 |=-( -2 )4.函数 ｙ =ｘ2 -ｘ,自变量ｘ的取值范围是(　 ) .Ａ .ｘ≠ 3且ｘ≠ 0　　　Ｂ .ｘ <3且ｘ≠ 0Ｃ .ｘ≤ 3Ｄ .ｘ <35 .不等式组 ｘ +5 <0-ｘ >2 的解集为 (　 ) .Ａ .ｘ <-5　Ｂ .ｘ <-2Ｃ .-5 <ｘ <-2　Ｄ .空集6.在等边…     

高中二年级代数教案

一.章节题目.高中代数学(东北译本)笫六章Ⅲ。关于无理指数的概念.二.教学目的.1.使学生知道无理指数的意义.2.使学生由无理指数的意义进一步休会函数的对应关系及极限的概念.三.教材内容及教学方法.1.组织教学.查点缺席人数,安定课堂秩序.(2′)2.复习旧课.(8′)     

泛函积分与偏微分方程

第一部分 随机微分方程的Ito理论1.调和函数的性质2.Poincare扫除法3.鞅收敛性4.Wiener测度的构造5.Brown运动及与之联系的半群6.随机积分7.结构定理8.Ito微分公式和随机微分方程第二部分 以泛函积分解偏微分方程1.热方程与随机微分方程2.比较定理及其应用3.Feynman-Kac公式4.Girsanov公式5.内蕴的随机微分公式9.扩散过程轨道的水平提升7.转换原理及其应用     

2006年浙江省台州市中考数学试卷

一、选择题(有12小题,每小题4分,共48分)第2题图1.下列各数中是正整数的是()A.-2B.1C.0.3D.22.如图,长方体的面有()A.4个B.5个C.6个D.7个3.下列计算正确的是()A.3x-2x=1B.3x 2x=5x2C.3x·2x=6xD.3x-2x=x4.直径所对的圆周角是()A.锐角B.直角C.钝角D.无法确定第5题图5.如图,圆锥的母线长为5cm,底面半径为3cm,则此圆锥的高线长为()A.4cm B.5cmC.3cm D.8cm6.方程x2-4x 3=0的两根之积为()A.4B.-4C.3D.-37.要使根式x-3有意义,则字母x的取值范围是()A.x≥3B.x>3C.x≤3D.x≠38.若反比例函数y=xk的图象经过(-2,1),则k的值为()A.-2B.2C.-…     

仿酉对称矩阵的构造及对称正交多小波滤波带的参数化

仿酉矩阵在小波、多小波、框架的构造中发挥了重要的作用.本文给出仿酉对称矩阵(简记为p.s.m.)的显式构造算法,其中仿酉对称矩阵是元素为对称或反对称多项式的仿酉矩阵.基于已构造的p.s.m.和已知的正交对称多小波(简记为o.s.m.),给出o.s.m.的参数化.恰当地选择一些参数,可得到具有一些优良性质的o.s.m.,例如Armlet.最后作这一个算例,构造出一类对称的Chui-Lian Armlet滤波带.     

2005年甘肃省定西市中考数学试卷

一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分)1.方程x2-5x=0的根()A.0B.0,5C.5,5D.52.甲乙两人在相同的条件下各射靶10次,他们的环数的方差分别为S2甲=2.4,S2乙=3.2,则射击稳定程序是()A.甲高B.乙高C.两人一样D.不能确定的3.抛物线y=x2-2x 3的对称轴是直线()A.x=-2B.x=2C.x=-1D.x=14.如果α是锐角,且sinα=54,那么cos(90°-α)=()A.54B.43C.53D.515.若关于x的方程x2 2x k=0有实数根,则()A.k<1B.k≤1C.k≤-1D.k≥-16.下列命题中,假命题是()A.两条弧的长度相等,它们是等弧B.等弧所对的圆周角相等C.直径所对的圆周角是直角D.一条弧…     

2005年北京市中考数学试卷

一、选择题(共44分,每题4分)1.-2的相反数是()A.-12B.21C.2D.-22.下列运算中,正确的是()A.4=2B.2-3=-6C.(ab)2=ab2D.3a 2a=5a23.下列根式中,与3是同类二次根式的是()A.24B.12C.23D.184.下列图形中,不是中心称图形的是()A.圆B.菱形C.矩形D.等边三角形5.据国家环保总局通报,北京市是“十五”水污染防治计划完成最好的城市.预计今年年底,北京污水处理能力可以达到每日1684000吨.将1684000吨用科学记数法表示为()A.1.684×106吨B.1.684×105吨C.0.1684×107吨D.16.84×105吨6.如图,在半径为5的⊙O中,如果弦AB的长为8,那么它的弦心距OC…     

基于模糊信息熵理论的港口物流系统竞争能力研究——以福州港智慧物流与低碳港口建设为例

在其深层次机理上,港口物流系统竞争能力必受其物质技术支撑体系的制约．结合智慧港口和第五代港口基本理论,可得出深层次物质技术支撑体系主要有：物质资源禀赋、城市经济系统、物联网系统、港口经营系统、绿色效率系统等．以相关港口物流系统竞争力基本理论为指导,考虑到中国各港口的实际情况,结合数据获得的难易程度,分别从基础设施、发展环境、智慧技术、服务水平、低碳绩效五个方面遴选出18个评价指标,按照模糊信息熵理论,利用全国24个主要港口2001—2013年的原始数据,通过数学软件Matlab编程,计算出系统层指标的信息熵和权重及全国8个代表性港口2013年的竞争能力综合评价值,并以福建省福州港为例,对其进行横向比较和纵向时序分析．     

New properties of the Busemann ellipsea

A combination of the Busemann ellipse, the inscribed unit circle and a circle of radius √2 about the same centre is considered. For supersonic two-dimensional potential gas flows, it is shown that the inclinations of the velocity vector in motion along an arbitrary characteristic, the characteristic itself and the characteristic of the other family have values equal to, respectively. the difference between the areas of the elliptical and circular (R = 1) sectors, the difference between the areas of the elliptical and circular (R = √2) sectors, and the area of the elliptical sector, apart from unimportant multiplicative and additive constants. The straight sides of the sectors in question are the semiminor antis of the ellipse and the radius vector of the velocity. The obvious analogy with one of Ke:pler's laws is pointed out. The existence of a point of intersection of the ellipse and the second circle illustrates a well-known result of Khristianovich concerning the points of inflexion of characteristics with a monotone velocity distribution. It is shown how the combination of the ellipse and the inscribed circle illustrates the simplification of the compatibility conditions and the Darboux equation for trans- and hypersonic flows.     

城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价指标与评价方法

定量的评判城市老旧居住小区整体交通环境质量并进而科学有效的提出老旧小区交通环境更新与改善措施,对城市老旧居住小区交通环境进行了调查,明确了老旧居住小区存在的突出交通问题,并提出了城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价的指标体系,包括行人跨路出行指数、无人行道路段长度占比、停车泊位供需比、路内非法停车占比、平均停车步行距离、泊位数量户数比、人均步行空间、无障碍通道、盲道设置比例、非机动车泊位供需比、地面停放车辆数小区面积比、外部穿行交通周转量小区面积比等。并给出了具体指标的计算方法与获得办法。以长沙市四个典型老旧居住小区为例,对评价方法进行了论证,并得到城市老旧居住小区存在的一般问题,包括人车混杂、人车交织现象严重,停车泊位短缺、车辆乱停乱放,交通设施、特别是弱势群体交通设施缺乏。给出的评价指标、评价方法与结论可为城市老旧小区改造更新,特别是其中很重要的交通环境更新提供决策依据。     

乡村绿色生态旅游适宜等级VIKOR评估方法

针对乡村绿色生态旅游特征,并考虑旅游者个体感受与群体效益,本文从乡村绿色生态旅游开发与适宜评级概念出发,提出乡村绿色生态旅游适宜等级VIKOR评估模型与方法。首先,从等级评估的概念与内涵出发,刻画乡村绿色生态旅游适宜评级问题,避免混淆旅游适宜评级和排序两个本质不同的问题。然后,构建乡村绿色生态旅游适宜等级评估指标及隶属函数,提出评估指标的熵权确定方法。其次,提出乡村绿色生态旅游适宜等级VIKOR评估模型与二元语义等级评估方法。最后,通过案例研究和比较分析,说明本文所提模型与方法的合理性、可行性与实用性。     

废弃食品回流再造问题的产品价格分析

针对废弃食品回流再造的食品安全问题,建立相关利益主体包括食品制造商、废弃食品收购者在各自独立以及作为利益共同体的不同条件下的优化模型,分析新生产食品价格和回流再造食品价格以及相应的利润、影响因素.结果表明:作为同一利益主体,生产制造昂贵食品对食品制造商获利不利,而回流再造成本越低,对食品制造商通过回流再造获利是有利的;若食品制造商和收购者各自独立决定价格,收购者进行回流再造的行为会干扰当前食品零售市场;由于回流再造食品的价格比较优势,在信息不对称时消费者会倾向选择回流再造食品.     

On products and line graphs of signed graphs, their eigenvalues and energy

In this article we examine the adjacency and Laplacian matrices and their eigenvalues and energies of the general product (non-complete extended p-sum, or NEPS) of signed graphs. We express the adjacency matrix of the product in terms of the Kronecker matrix product and the eigenvalues and energy of the product in terms of those of the factor graphs. For the Cartesian product we characterize balance and compute expressions for the Laplacian eigenvalues and Laplacian energy. We give exact results for those signed planar, cylindrical and toroidal grids which are Cartesian products of signed paths and cycles.We also treat the eigenvalues and energy of the line graphs of signed graphs, and the Laplacian eigenvalues and Laplacian energy in the regular case, with application to the line graphs of signed grids that are Cartesian products and to the line graphs of all-positive and all-negative complete graphs.     

Time-linearized,compact methods for the inviscid GRLW equation subject to initial Gaussian conditions

The objective of this paper is three-fold. First, four time-linearization methods that are second- and fourth-order accurate in time and space, respectively, are presented and used to study the dynamics of the modified and generalized regularized-long wave equations (mRLW and GRLW equations, respectively). Two of the methods use the conservation-law form of the equations and treat the wave amplitude and its second-order spatial derivative and the linear and nonlinear advection fluxes as unknowns, whereas the other two employ the non-conservation-law form of the equations and consider the wave amplitude and its first- and second-order spatial derivatives as unknowns. The methods employ three-point fourth-order accurate Padé discretizations for the first- and second-order derivatives, are second-order accurate in time, and yield linear systems of blocktridiagonal matrices. Second, the accuracy of these methods is assessed by comparing their results with those of the exact solution of the mRLW equation. It is reported that the four methods predict nearly the same values of the three invariants and have the same accuracy, and that an accurate prediction of the invariants may not correspond to small errors in space and time. Third, the dynamics of the inviscid GRLW equation is studied first qualitatively in terms of length and time scales and then numerically as a function of the linear advection speed, the exponent of the nonlinear advection flux, the dispersion coefficient and the amplitude and width of the initial bell-shaped or Gaussian conditions. It is shown that wide initial conditions result in wave steepening and breakup and the formation of solitary waves whose amplitude and speed decrease as the time for their formation increases. For narrow initial conditions, it is shown that only a single solitary wave may form. Behind this wave and depending on the parameters that characterized the inviscid GRLW equation, rarefaction or negative amplitude waves that propagate towards the upstream boundary or a train of localized oscillatory waves that do not emerge from the trailing edge of the leading solitary wave may be formed. These oscillatory waves exhibit the characteristics of, but are not dispersive shock waves and their amplitude and frequency increases as the width of the initial conditions is decreased. The results presented here do not only complement previous work by the authors, they also show that the dynamics of the inviscid GRLW equation undergoes new and interesting phenomena as the width of the initial conditions is decreased.     

低碳环境友好技术政产学研金协同创新演化博弈研究

在气候变化应对日益紧迫的背景下,研究了政府、企业、研发机构和金融机构(政产学研金)参与低碳环境友好技术(LCEFT)创新的条件和策略。以企业合作关系为假设条件,引入金融主体和科研机构,构建了LCEFT的政产学研金协调创新博弈模型,深入分析了碳权质押、信用等级、投资回报等因素对博弈系统群体协调创新策略的影响。研究表明,金融机构参与协同创新的决策受到政府奖惩机制、绿色信贷项目盈利和风险等因素的影响;多主体在资源和能力上的互补性正是LCEFT协同创新联盟形成的关键;政府部门的奖惩机制能够促进多主体合作,但难以使得整体获得最优,达到整体最优的关键是有效地发挥政府部门的引导作用和金融机构的杠杆作用。本文为政府部门制定绿色金融、产学研协同创新及产业化管理机制提供了新思路和一定的决策参考。     

Tools of the mind: Techniques and methods for intellectual work: V. STIBIC North-Holland,Amsterdam, 1982, xiii + 297 pages,Dfl.85.00

Many location problems may be separated into a series of interrelated macro, meso and micro decision-making states. The macro scale decision determines the type, capacity and number of facilities, the meso scale decision determines the location and allocation of facilities and the micro scale decision determines such considerations as routing and scheduling of service vehicles. This paper concerns the first two levels of decision-making.The present paper demonstrates the use of two models: (i) an analytical model that uses continuum approximations and methods of calculus to determine the number of facilities, the capacity and the approximate location of each that minimizes the sum of the transportation and facility costs for a slowly varying demand rate, and (ii) a traditional location-allocation model that determines more exactly the resulting locations and allocations. These two approaches have specific requirements in terms of data input, cost of data collection and cost of solution and, consequently, yield unique insights and benefits for practising planners. The strengths and weaknesses of the two models are complementary. This thesis is developed with an analysis of the Calgary, Alberta refuse collection and disposal system.     

The buckling of a drill string in a curvilinear borehole with axial line imperfections

The problem of the elastic buckling of drill strings in the channels of deep curved boreholes with geometric axial line imperfections is formulated. Imperfections in the form of localized helices are considered. The relation between the forces resisting the motion of the string and the amplitudes, pitches and sites of localization of the imperfections is analysed. The distributed forces of contact and friction interaction between the drill string and the borehole surface are found and the effects of seizure of the drill string are established. It is shown that the resistive forces and their moments increase as the amplitudes of the imperfections increase, and as their pitches and the displacement of the zones where they are relocated from the lower most distorted parts to the upper least distorted parts, decrease.